2.6 Early
Computing Devices
The abacus was the
first computing device. The invention of Napier's rods prompted the development
of the slide rule which was the main portable computing device for engineers
until the 1970s. Blaise Pascal built the first mechanical calculator. Charles
Babbage designed but did not build the first computer. Ada Augusta Byron was
the first computer programmer. Herman Hollerith developed a tabulating device
and the company he founded became IBM. Howard Aiken constructed the first fully
automatic calculator.
True or
False? Write out the true sentences and change the false sentences so that they
are true.
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Skilled abacus users can calculate at speeds equal to the average user of a modern calculator. |
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John Napier built the first mechanical calculator. |
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John Napier's work was used by William Oughtred to invent the slide rule in 1622. |
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Blaise Pascal built the Pascaline in 1642 at the age of 19. |
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Gottfried Leibniz is the father of the modern computer. |
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Joseph-Marie Jacquard perfected an automatic looming machine that used punch cards. |
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The 'Difference Engine' was designed in 1820 but not built until the end of the nineteenth century. |
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Ada Augusta Byron helped Charles Babbage to adjust and correct some of the problems in his work. |
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Herman Hollerith was the world's first programmer. |
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Howard Aiken constructed a fully automatic calculator called the Mark I. |
Write
out the sentence and fill in the missing word
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A ????? is a group of elements that work together to achieve a purpose. |
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Output is something taken ????? the system. |
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A subsystem is a ????? system that is part of a larger system. |
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Procedures are the ????? that specify what processing is to be performed. |
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????? are anything used by the processor to perform the task. |
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A black box is a system whose ????? parts are not fully understood. |
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The environment is the elements ????? the system that affect the system. |
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The boundary is the ????? of a system. |
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Hierarchy charts use ????? design. |
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IPO chart is a method of describing a system by specifying ????? , process and outputs. |