/*
 **************************************************************************
 * Program name : 059_Bitwise_Operations (Version 1.00)                   *
 * Author       : Duck Wong                                               *
 * Language     : C / C++                                                 *
 * Compiler     : Boodshed Dec-C++ compiler Ver 3.95                      *
 * Computer     : PII350                                                  *
 * O/S          : Windows 98                                              *
 **************************************************************************
 * Version 1.00 : 2001/02/09 - first version                              *
 **************************************************************************
 * Description  : (a) show basic function of bitwise operators            *
 *                (b) express an integer number in binary format          *
 *                (c) Try again ?                                         *
 **************************************************************************
*/
#include <iostream.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
 // part 1 : declaration
 char   Again;

 do {
     // part 2 : Example 1
     int a,b;
     a = b= 0;
     do {
         cout << "\n\tPlease input an integer number (1 to 256): ";
         cin  >> a;
        } while ((a <1) || (a>256));
     do {
         cout << "\n\tPlease inout another integer number (1 to 256): ";
         cin  >> b;
        } while ((b <1) || (b>256));

     cout << "\n\tThen the result of different bitwise operations are\n"
          << "\t---------------------------------------------------\n"
          << "\tOperators     Result    Meaning\n"
          << "\t  a & b       " << (a&b)  << " \tAND\n"
          << "\t  a | b       " << (a|b)  << " \tOR\n"
          << "\t  a ^ b       " << (a^b)  << " \tExclusive OR\n"
          << "\t  a << b      " << (a<<b) << " \tLeft-shift by 3 bits\n"
          << "\t  a >> b      " << (a>>b) << " \tRight-shift by 3 bits\n"
          << "\t  ~a          " << (~a)   << " \tOnes complement\n"
          << "\t---------------------------------------------------" << endl;

     // part 3 : Example 2 , express an integer number in binary pattern
     int c,d;
     c = d= 0;
     do {
         cout << "\n\tPlease input an integer number (1 to 256): ";
         cin  >> c;
        } while ((c <0) || (c>255));
     cout << "\n\t" << c << " equals to : ";
     for (d=7;d>=0;d--)
       {cout << (c>>d & 1);}
     cout << " in base 2. " <<endl;

     // part 4 : try another number ?
     cout << "\n\n\aTry another number (Y/N) : ";
     cin  >> Again;
     cout << "\n";
    } while (Again=='Y' || Again=='y');
 cout << "\n" << endl;

 system("PAUSE");
 return 0;
}

/* Notes
   (1) Example : Let a = 10 and b = 3, then
                     a = 1010 & b = 11 in base 2
       so that :
       Operators   Result   Values in base 2    Meaning
         a & b       2              10          AND
         a | b       11           1011          OR
         a ^ b       9            1001          exclusive OR
         a << b      80        1010000          left-shift by 3 bits
         a >> b      1                          right-shift by 3 bits
         ~a          -11                        Ones complement

*/