Note on China

As I have gathered from a Chinese author, a translation of the term 'socialism' into the Chinese forms part of the present-day Constitution in the mainland China.

That is a Chinese word/character, must needs, since said Constitution would be naturally written in the Chinese. That cannot be "the same" thing as the Occidental '-ism' (derived from the Latin) and it may be a very different thing if the connotations within the Chinese literature be considered.

That fact had been overlooked by the author in question. One good example of how easily some proper discrimination can get wanting, on issues which are often of the prime importance in the international relations.

What can be in fact present in the Chinese Constitution : One can fairly well expect some character/word, as translation of an Occidental '-ism', which may have been in use in China for centuries or for thousands of years.

That is what the real scholar should not overlook. The literature in the Chinese may be full of material, containing some concepts represented by said character/word, which would make some sense. That can have little if anything at all to do with the 'socialism' as it has been known in the Occident.

If such an issue be overlooked more struggle could come about, quite needless, regarding an '-ism', which for the Chinese might mean quite a different thing than for the Occidental person.

There could be little doubt that the notorious Mao and his gang would have done their utmost to confound the Chinese thought (from Confucius and Lao-tzu to Sun Yat-sen) with the marxist-leninist plan. But what had been counfounded by a Mao might not need be opposed altogether — disambiguation from the fallacies might suffice for some new solutions in the area, etc.

One can propose to clear the exact meaning of the term in question in the Chinese language (which might carry little resemblance to the Occidental versions, on close examination), as a part of some solutions.

Such a proposition does not in any way prevent some groups from using anything, including any old-time confusion, to create some new problems to some temporary gain ; one would rather expect such phenomena to occur (who had seen enough of these sorts of politics).

That could be expected, the reader : some people somewhere would try to re-ignite some old rows in order to create new ones. Such people or groups can be stopped as soon as noticed — but would continue with some mischief as long as not noticed.

The more needed could be some reasoned discourse with such individuals or parties in China, etc., by some people or groups interested in lessening any potential upheavals — anywhere in the world.

WPT, Apr 08

From Russia's Race for Asia by George Creel, 1949

. . . Mao Tse-tung, Chou En-lai and Chu The were put on the Advisory Council of the Supreme national Defense Council, and when the People�s Political Council was organized in 1938, the Reds received full recognition. Generous concessions, but powerless to win the Reds away from Marxist objectives. In October, one month after the pledge of loyal co-operation, Mao Tse-tung issued this secret directive to his followers:¹

The Sino-Japanese war affords our party an excellent opportunity for expansion. Our policy should be 70 percent expansion, 20 per cent dealing with the Kuomintang, and 10 per cent resisting Japan. There are three stages in carrying out this fixed policy ; the first is a compromising stage, in which self-sacrifice should be made to show our outward obedience to the Central Government . . . but in reality this will serve as camouflage for the existence and development of the party.

The second is a contending stage, in which two or three years should be spent in laying the foundation of our party�s political and military powers . . . the third is an offensive stage in which our forces should penetrate deeply into Central China, sever the communications of the Central Government troops in various sectors, isolate and disperse them until we are ready for the counteroffensive and wrest the leadership from the hands of the Kuomintang.

    ¹ Quoted by congressman Walter H. Judd, June 19, 1948.

Indianapolis   New York : Bobbs-Merrill, 1949.

From Red Cocaine, Joseph D. Douglass, Jr., 1990

In 1928 Mao Tse-tung, the Chinese communist leader, instructed one of his trusted subordinates, Tan Chen-lin, to begin cultivating opium on a grand scale.¹ Mao had two objectives : obtaining exchange for needed supplies and �drugging the white region,�² where �white� was an ideological, not racist, term that Mao use to refer to his non�communist opposition

Mao�s strategy was simple ; use drugs to soften a target area. Then, after a captured region was secured, outlaw the use of all narcotics and impose strict controls to ensure that the poppies remained exclusively an instrument of the state for use against its enemies.

Later, Mao would speak of using opium against the imperialists as only a modern phase in the opium wars that began in the 19th century. Opium was a powerful weapon that had been used by the imperialists against the Chinese and should be used against them in a �second Opium War.� It was, Mao explained to Wang Chen in a lecture o his plan for planting opium, �chemical warfare by indigenous methods.�³ However, the fact that opium previously had been used against the Chinese was only a convenient excuse, not the real reason. Mao first began using opium as a political weapon against his own people, the Chinese, during his drive to establish communism throughout china. His use of opium expanded simply because it was a very effective weapon.

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    1. Chang Tse-min, A Follow-Up Report on Chinese Communist Crimes in Drugging the World (Taipei : World Anti-Communist League, 1979), p. 1.
    2. Ibid., p. 1; and A. H. Stanton Candlin, Psycho-Chemical Warfare (New Rochelle, New York : Arlington House, 1973), p. 73.
    3. �A Look at the Chinese Communist �strategy of narcotic,�� unpublished paper by Maj. Gen. (Ret.) Sing-yu Chu, Society for Strategic Studies, Taipei. Cited in The Inside Story of Red China�s Opium Sales (Taiwan : Hsueh Hai Press, May 1957).

Red Cocaine The Drugging of America
Atlanta, Georgia : Clarion House, 1990, page 1, notes p. 223.

Chang, Tse-min, fl. 1976- Title A follow-up report on Chinese communist crimes in drugging the world / by Chang Tse-min. Publisher [Taipei] : World Anti-Communist League, China Chapter, Asian Peoples' Anti-Communist League, Republic of China, 1979. Description 68 p. : ill. ; 19 cm. Series Pamphlet - [APACLROC] ;224 Note Cover title. Language English

Zhang, Zemin. Title Chinese communist criminal acts in drugging the world / by Chang Tse-min. Imprint [Taipei] : World Anti-Communist League, China Chapter, Asian Peoples' Anti-Communist League, Republic of China, 1976. Descript ii, 127 p. : ill. ; 19 cm. Series Asian Peoples' Anti-communist League. bChina. tPamphlets, vno. 191 Note Cover title.