Spanish text for Breur RAM

La bomba hidr�ulica de Breur:

Cuando el agua puede correr hacia arriba.
Una bomba hidr�ulica es una bomba impulsada por agua corriente. Dicha bomba utiliza la energ�a de una gran cantidad de agua que corre desde una peque�a altura, para bombear una limitada (10%) cantidad de agua a una gran altura.
Existen muchos dise�os de bombas hidr�ulicas. En el a�o 1772 se hizo el primer dise�o te�rico por J. Whitehurst. En 1797 dicho dise�o lo perfeccion� J.M. de Montgolfier y consigui� una patente.
A pesar de que se comercializo las bombas hidr�ulicas, y que existen otros dise�os para que las personas mismas las construyan, no se utilizan en gran escala, por los costos altos y la instalaci�n complicada.

Por esta raz�n Gert Breur dise�o una bomba hidr�ulica (Breur-ram) peque�a y simple para el uso en terrenos peque�os. Esta bomba se construye de piezas ya existentes en las ferreterias y por lo tanto es relativamente econ�mica.
Breur baso su dise�o en los 10 principios del Prof. J. A. Eytelwein. Por ejemplo que el tama�o de la v�lvula de impulso, debe ser un poco m�s grande que el di�metro del tubo de conducci�n; y la campana de aire debe ser un poco m�s grande que el volumen del tuvo de subira del agua (opvoerleiding).
El rendimiento de la bomba hidr�ulica de Breur, es relativamente alto. Esta bomba hidr�ulica se puede utilizar para el uso dom�stico, como tambi�n para irrigaci�n o para peque�os abastecimientos de agua potable para el ganado.
Para alcanzar grandes distancias o grandes alturas se puede hacer una conexi�n entre varias bombas. Para llegar a varios lugares se puede hacer una conexi�n en derivaci�n donde cada bomba hidr�ulica tiene su tubo de desag�e propio, (afvoerleiding) y un tubo de conducci�n com�n (aanvoerleiding). En este caso se puede desconectar bombas cuando hay menos agua disponible o cuando se debe hacer mantenimiento, sin paralizar todo el sistema.

Funci�n

Aceleraci�n (+/- 900 millisecundos):

El agua corre por el tubo de conducci�n (drive pipe) y se escapa por la v�lvula vertical (impulse valve) abierta para tomar velocidad; cuando esta velocidad es bastante grande se cierra esta v�lvula;

Compresi�n (+/- 2 millisecundos) y entrega (Delivery) (+/- 50 millisecundos):

Por el cierre r�pido de la v�lvula se forma temporalmente una sobrepresi�n (waterhammer) que es m�s grande que la presi�n en el campana de aire. Por esta raz�n se abre la v�lvula horizontal (delivery valve). Cuando la presi�n en la campana de aire se vuelve m�s grande que en la bomba, se cierra la v�lvula.

Rebote (recoil) (+/- 50 millisecundos):

El agua que esta en el tuvo de conducci�n, choca contra la v�lvula horizontal y se devuelve un poco en direcci�n del tuvo de conducci�n. Por esta raz�n se crea una baja presi�n y por lo tanto la v�lvula vertical se puede abrir de nuevo. En este momento se chupa aire, por un orificio de 1 mm de di�metro situado cerca a la v�lvula vertical. Este aire se transporta a la campana de aire en el pr�ximo ciclo y as� retorna el aire que se desaparecio en cada movimiento de la bomba.
Esto ultimo no es necesario, cuando se utiliza una campana de aire en un espacio cerrado (contained air) como una llanta de bicicleta. El aire comprimido en la campana de aire, al recuperar su volumen original, empuja el agua en un chorro constante hasta su objetivo.

Existen tres tipos de Breur-ram:

a) la bomba hidr�ulica Breur 3/4" es apta para uso dom�stico y peque�a irrigaci�n y se puede utilizar perfectamente como modelo educativo.
b) la bomba hidr�ulica Breur ROC Oost Nederland 1" Se utiliza para peque�a irrigaci�n y es ideal para conecciones en paralelo.
c) y la bomba hidr�ulica Breur ROC Oost Nederland 2" es funcional para aprovisionar de agua a todo un pueblo.

Est�n disponibles del publico los dibujos t�cnicos de los modelos a y c.

For more info on Ram pumps, go to the WOT homepages: WOT - Working group on Development Technology.

Naming the parts
The Breur low-cost 3/4inch Ram pump
Total ram pump

The bottom picture shows the ram (A) and the delivery (B). Make sure the delivery is situated LOWER than the RAM, because the tube in between must stay partially filled with air for correct (smooth & efficient) operation.

Shopping List (soon in Spanish as well):
1. Clamp-connection SIMPLAST WISA 25 x 3/4inch thread
2. T-joint brass 3/4 inch inside thread
3. Brass reducing coupling 1 inch to 3/4 inch outside thread
4. Foot valve brass 1 inch inside thread (ball shape and used in reverse direction)
5. O-ring nitrilrubber 6.0 mm x 1.5 mm (to regulate pump frequency)
6. Brass reducing coupling 1 inch to 3/4 inch outside thread
7. Spring-loaded check valve brass 1 inch inside thread "EUROPA"
8. (optional) brass quick-connect coupling "GEKA" 1 inch outside thread
9. (optional) Hose quick-connect brass coupling "GEKA" 1 1/4 inch
8+9 may be replaced by brass converter from 1 inch thread to 1 1/4 inch hose coupling.
10. Pressure tube TRICOFLEX 1 1/4 inch x 150 cm (more than 10 bar)
11. Hose clamp "JUBILEE" stainless steel 30-40 mm
12. Hose quick-connect brass coupling "GEKA" 1 1/4 inch
13. Hose clamp "JUBILEE" stainless steel 30-40 mm
14. Hose quick-connect brass coupling "GEKA" 1/2 inch
Not numbered items: Enflontape 12 mm x 0.1 mm or fibre "WURTH" (like for central heating installations)
Further the drive-pipe is not specified, this is either a rigid (metal!) pipe or (easier and therefore preferred) tylene tube, also used in drinking water installations. The diameter must be at least as much as the ram, so 3/4 inch. The length is expected to be several meters, from water-supply to ram.

Exploded-view of ram pump
Exploded-view sideways of ram pump

NOTE that the drive pipe (water inlet) is not shown above, it should be connected to the open end of the T-joint. A self-wound spring for the waste-valve is shown on the photo, this is necessary when this valve doesn't point upward.

Considerations: If the water comes out the dilivery in sharp pulses, then there is no air in the thick pressure tube. Disconnect it and fill it with air, the ram will run more efficient and smooth.

The drive heigth should be at least half a meter, but the ram cannot pump up high in that case. No more than 10 meter supply is recommended, or the pressure might get too high when the delivery is blocked.

If the ram doesn't start when water runs through it or it doesn't seem to be very efficient, the O-ring on the stem of the waste valve might be changed (taken away or one more added). Another reason can be that the waste-valve must point upward, or you must spring-load it. Otherwise the valve doesn't open itself. Some experimenting is required to get the best operation.

Multiple rams might be connected parallel (each have its own drive pipe and a common delivery, connected at B) and this will increase both delivery and reliability. Also when the amount of input flow decreases (season), some rams can be shut down while still some water is delivered by the others. One big ram will completely stop. Another important factor: maintenance can be done one ram at a time.

WARNING! If the ram is used to pump more than 20 meters high, the thin delivery tube must also be able to withstand this pressure! Be careful when disconnecting the delivery output, because the full pressure is present even when the ram has stopped! Drain the delivery tube or make (add) a pressure release valve that can be opened safely.

Water = Fertility
Ram with a shadow of fertility. Water means life and growth.

Pictures above can be downloaded as zipped bitmaps: ram.zip (warning: 1331 kB!)

Last update: July 26, 1999
Webmaster: Cor van de Water

DISCLAIMER:

The information on this page is presented in good faith of its usefulness and applicability, however no guarantees can be given that the information is correct and no responsibility is assumed in case the use of it results in damage. The applicant should treat the information with care, because it serves as illustration and description only.
The information is free of copyrights and fees (as far as we know) and can be used for private as well as commercial use. A notification of successful ram installation is appreciated. The WOT has set up a mailing list to share knowledge about ram-technology. Please indicate in your mail if you want to be included in the mailing list.

Hotlinks:


Gert Breur's water-powered suction ram-pump
WOT - Working group on Development Technology.
Visit my Solar projects and save power yourself!
Wim Klunne's Micro Hydro pages at ITC
New - Simple water-pump made even simpler: Rope-pump
'All about pumps' calls the rope-pump: Lift-disk pump

By the way: my Dutch family name "van de Water" already suggests you'd find HydroPower at these pages! Maybe I'll add some more pages to give more info on a project I'm involved in (the Breur ram pump - see pictures above) but unfortunately The Netherlands are too flat to apply Hydro power myself, while Solar IS effective in my backyard. More important: Solar has my interest and I already bought the panels, so the choice is easy! (Sure, wind is another alternative, but the "Not In My BackYard" feeling is quite strong in the suburbs.) (In other countries the Dutch name "van de Water" is usually concatenated to VandeWater. Original meaning: 'coming from the water'.)

E-mail: Cor van de Water
FAX No: +31 20 882 6931
In USA add 011 before FAX No.

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