Name ________________________ Date ____________
Respiratory System Study Guide
Know the structures and functions of the respiratory system including:
Rib cage: a protective covering made of long bones that protects the heart, lungs and other organs in the chest.
Diaphragm: a flat sheet of muscle that lies under the lungs and is responsible for making the lungs fill with air.
Nostrils: the two openings of the nose
Trachea: the tube that takes air from the mouth and nose to the lungs; the windpipe.
Larynx: the part of the throat used to make sounds; the voice box.
Vocal cords: two thin bands that vibrate when air passes over them.
Bronchi: the two breathing tubes that connect the trachea to the lungs.
Bronchioles: the smaller breathing tubes that connect the bronchi to the air sacs.
Alveoli: tiny, thin-walled sacs filled with air.
Cilia: tiny hairs that grow in parts of the body such as the nose and throat and work as brooms to remove material.
Be familiar with:
Heimlich maneuver: a technique used to dislodge a foreign object from the throat
Know the dangerous effects of smoking including:
Tar: a thick black material that sticks to lungs and can cause cancer.
Carbon monoxide: a poisonous gas that replaces oxygen in the bloodstream.
Nicotine: an addictive drug found in cigarettes, that stimulates the heart rate.
Cancer: cancers of the lung, mouth, throat, and bladder, among others, are related to smoking
Heart Disease: smoking doubles your risk of heart disease.
Secondary smoke; smoke that is exhaled by the smoker or that comes off a burning cigarette can be breathed in by others leading to asthma, lung cancer, or other health problems even if they don’t smoke.
Smoking affects physical fitness by leading to shortness of breath, costs hundreds of dollars a year in cigarettes alone, and smoking is the leading cause of deaths in fires and a major cause of forest fires.
Smoking causes yellow fingers, bad breath, smelly clothes, wrinkles, and brown teeth.
Know the 6 ways to say "No" including:
give a reason, be polite, make a joke, suggest another idea, repeat yourself, and walk away