Length of involvement: The Philippines received it's independence July 4th, 1946 and thus in many sense "the third Philippine republic." was born. Despite being the youngest nation in the allied forces*, the Philippines was one of the first UN countries to commit troops. But; really the Philippines became involved in the Korean situation long before. It was the only Asian delegation other than China to be a member of UTCAK(sp) charged with withdrawing Soviet and American troops.
The Force: Four motorized Battalion Combat Teams rotated through the Korea. None serving more than a year. The last of these units the "Second Combat Team" Left in April 1954. Besides four infantry companies(One labeled Reconnissance) and an Armor company of M4A3E8 tanks. Since Filipino troops would probably receive the most helpful artillery support from someone who could understand their language a battery of 105mm howitzers was also thrown in. All and all about 5,000 "riflemen."
Weaponry: Due to long-standing US commitment to the Philippines, the Filipinos were equipped with modern US gear and uniforms.
Training\Experience: The Philippine Islands were a warzone right up until the end of WWII, after the Japanese were driven off the communist "Huk" Rebellion began. In 1950 they even threatened Manilla! Despite this; of all the communist insurrections in Asian nations after WWII the Huk Rebellion was the only one defeated without the involvement of western units.
Actions: The first Filipino unit the 10th Battalion joined the US 25th Division fighting the Guerrillas in Southwest of the peninsula. Later the unit took on security duties a little farther north at Kunu-rim, Sinanju, and Sukchon, before being attached to the 3rd US Infantry Division .The Filipino soldiers also saw much action in Operation Dauntless and in the Imjin River area.
Interaction With Civilians/Others: The Filipinos were heavly involved in Guerrilla operations along side the 25th "Tropical Lightinng" Division and officially they were part of the 3rd Infantry Division. Here's an interesting quote from a British source shortly before Imjin River:"The Glosters relieved the PEFTOK(Philippines Expeditionary Force, Task Organization Korea) and these small, brown, friendly men withdrew to the south." Later the Filipinos with the support of British Armor attempted to relieve the Glousters but; to no avail.
Casualties: 92 KIA, 356 WIA and 0 POWs
Vet Issues: Interestingly enough some sources I've read claim that former Philippine President Fidel Ramos others including Military History Magazine make mention of only Vietnam service in his military career.
* Except for India who sent an Ambulance team
Sources: Mammoth Book of Battles,
Military History Magazine, Conflict,
War in Peace, Vol 2. Korean-war.org, other sources