INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY TEST 4 STUDY GUIDE

 

 BE ABLE TO:

Define the following:

Moral principles

ethical subjectivism (individual ethical relativism or subjective relativism)

cultural relativism

ethical objectivism

divine command theory

hedonism

obligatory actions

supererogatory actions

virtue ethics

 

Do the following:

Explain Sartre's claim that humans' existence precedes our essence

Explain one problem for relativism (either cultural relativism or subjectism)

Explain one problem with divine command theory

Give both principles of utilitarianism

Explain the difference between Bentham and Mill's views about pleasure

Explain both formulations of Kant's categorical imperative (Rauhut, p. 241 and p. 244)

Explain one problem with Kant's ethics

Explain one problem with virtue ethics

Essay: Explain one problem with utilitarianism. How might the utilitarian try to solve this problem? Do you think the problem means that utilitarianism is a bad moral theory? Why or why not?

 

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