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de Investigaciones
Occurrence - A problem affecting
coconuts in Baracoa was discussed at a meeting of the Royal Academy
of Sciences of Cuba in 1882 (at a time when copra/coconut oil had
become a valuable commodity in world trade and when coconut planting
was being encouraged by colonial administrators)
There is variability amongst isolates of the LY phytoplasma from the South East region of Cuba by RFLP analysis and sequencing. Some of the Cuban phytoplasma isolates are genetically similar to Mexican isolates. In this region the impact of the disease is very low and it appears that the local varieties are quite resistant to the disease. These varieties are late generation progenies resulting from natural cross pollination between local and introduced coconuts (some from Central America according to Bruner & Boucle) prior to outbreaks of disease in the 1940s. The "Dorado Cubano" is reported to perform well in areas where LY is present and is thought to be a selection from progenies of the Cuban Tall criollo and the yellow, red or golden Indio coconuts that were introduced.
Spread - In all parts of the country (Isla Grande) except Isla de la Juventud.
Currently active areas - Not epidemic. One phytoplasma expert who was in Baracoa, in May 2005 reported that while there was LY around it did not look as bad as in other places (Honduras, Jamaica). During a (very brief) visit to Baracoa in November 2005 the CICLY moderator, who had helped confirm MLO from Baracoa coconuts in 1978 (Waters et al, 1980), did not see any palms with LY symptoms at all. On the contrary, the high number of Cuban Royal palm (Roystonia) amongst all the coconut palms gave support to the "Royal Palm buffer effect" theory put forward after a visit to the Dominican Republic in 1999 (Harries, H.C., Herasme-C., J & Hichez Frias, E. (2001) Why lethal yellowing has not become epidemic in the Dominican Republic. Palms 45 (2), 92-96).
Suspected new outbreaks - Sporadic
Other palm/plant hosts - Not reported
New hosts, new vectors, new strains or suspected loss of resistance - Not reported
Research projects - selection; MLO
diagnosis by PCR and characterizatio
Rehabilitation/
In
Baracoa planting and replanting is necessary to sustain the coconut
in agroindustry
Economic importance/thre
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