Suggested Answers on Note (Chapter 20) P.4 - 5

 

Flowing Mercury Cell流汞電解池

 

Anode (+)

Cathode (-)

Nature of electrodes

graphite

flowing mercury

Electrolyte

Brine (saturated sodium chloride solution)

Ions present

Cl-, OH-

Na+, H+

Discharged Ion

Cl-

Na+

Ionic Half Equation

2Cl-(aq) ¾® Cl2(g) + 2e-

Na+(aq) + e- ¾® Na(s)

 

Sodium metal dissolves in mercury to form sodium amalgam鈉汞齊.

                Na(s) + Hg(l) ¾® Na(Hg)

 

Amalgam then reacts with water to form hydrogen and sodium hydroxide.

                2Na(Hg) + 2H2O(l) ¾® 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g) + 2Hg(l)

 

Diaphragm Cell

 

Anode (+)

Cathode (-)

Nature of electrodes

titanium

steel

Electrolyte

Brine (saturated sodium chloride solution)

Ions present

Cl-, OH-

Na+, H+

Discharged Ion

Cl-

H+

Ionic Half Equation

2Cl-(aq) ¾® Cl2(g) + 2e-

2H+(aq) + 2e- ¾® H2(g)

 

 

Suggested Answers on Note (Chapter 20) P.8

 

Laboratory preparation of chlorine

What is the function of “wet blue litmus paper”?

Detect the fullness of chlorine gas in the gas jar.

Turn from blue to red if the jar is full.

 

Why “downward delivery” is used to collect chlorine gas?

                Chlorine gas is denser than air.

 

Alternative method of preparing chlorine gas:

                2Cl- ¾® Cl2 + 2e-

                MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- ¾® Mn2+ + 4H2O

                2MnO4-(aq) + 16H+(aq) + 10Cl-(aq) ¾® 2Mn2+(aq) + 8H2O(l) + 5Cl2(g)

 

 

Suggested Answers on Note (Chapter 20) P.9

 

Physical properties

        Cl2(g) + H2O(l) D Cl-(aq) + ClO-(aq) + 2H+(aq)                 Chlorine water

 

Chemical properties

        Cl2(aq)/(g) + 2e- ¾® 2Cl-(aq)

 

 

Suggested Answers on Note (Chapter 20) P.12

 

Displacement Reaction

        Cl2(aq) + 2KBr(aq) ¾® 2KCl(aq) + Br2(aq)

        Cl2(aq) + 2KI(aq) ¾® 2KCl(aq) + I2(aq)

 

 

Suggested Answers on Note (Chapter 20) P.13

 

Bleaching action of chlorine

        Cl2(g) + H2O(l) Û Cl-(aq) + ClO-(aq) + 2H+(aq)         Slightly acidic

        2ClO-(aq) ¾¾sunlight¾® 2Cl-(aq) + O2       

       OCl-(aq) + dye ¾® Cl- + (dye+O)

 

 

Suggested Answers on Note (Chapter 20) P.14 - 18

 

1.

B

6.

B

11.

C

16.

A

21.

B

2.

C

7.

A

12.

D

17.

C

22.

B

3.

C

8.

A

13.

D

18.

B

23.

B

4.

A

9.

D

14.

C

19.

D

24.

C

5.

B

10.

C

15.

A

20.

B

25.

A

 

26.

B

31.

D

27.

D

32.

C

28.

D

33.

A

29.

D

 

 

30.

D

 

 

 

 

Suggested Answers on Note (Chapter 20) P.19 - 20

 

1.

A

6.

B

11.

B

2.

E

7.

D

 

 

3.

D

8.

A

 

 

4.

B

9.

C

 

 

5.

B

10.

A

 

 

 

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