King James Only
Arguments from the King James Only folks:
This is just a small portion of the material available to read on the Internet. Just type "Which Bible" or "Can you trust the New International Version" or something similar into a search engine. If I wasn't comfortable before with my position on this issue, I am after reading these articles. You'll find that 99% of the time, the authors are coming from a Baptist perspective. (Not that that's bad, but sometimes Baptist churches can be very legalistic)
Why You Should Use The King James Bible
How I Know The King James Bible is the Word of God
Independent, Fundamental, Evangelistic, Born-Again Christians using only the AV1611 (KJV) Many links
The King James Bible Page Many links
The Bible - Many links
More for than against the King James Only:
Your Word is Very Pure This falls more into a "King James is best" rather than a "King James Only"
Arguments against the King James Only position:
This is a rather long article. Here is a portion from the middle:
Apparent Roots of the KJVO Movement
The following excerpts are from the article by Baptist author Doug Kutilek at:
Kutilek, former co-editor of Baptist Biblical Heritage magazine, has been actively addressing what he believes to be the errors of the KJVO movement since at least 1990, and offers an overview of the history of the KJVO movement. For the complete text of this article, go to the link above.
All writers who embrace the KJV-only position have derived their views ultimately from Seventh-day Adventist missionary, theology professor and college president, Benjamin G. Wilkinson (d.1968), through one of two or three of his spiritual descendants. In 1930, he wrote Our Authorized Bible Vindicated, a book of several hundred pages, which attracted almost no attention in its day (no doubt chiefly because it was awash in a vast ocean of error). In that book, Wilkinson attacked the Westcott-Hort Greek text, in large measure by attacking Westcott and Hort personally …
… Wilkinson's book lay unused and unknown (and how good it would have been had his errors died with him!), until 1955 when J. J. Ray, who is self-described as "business manager, missionary, Bible teacher" published a little volume, God Wrote Only One Bible … [Note, G. Hudson: It is my understanding that J. J. Ray is now Deceased]. In his book, Ray heavily plagiarized, without note or acknowledgement, Wilkinson's book, repeating and propagating wholesale Wilkinson's errors and misstatements (the fact of Ray's plagiarism and dependence is documented in Gary Hudson's article, "The Real 'Eye Opener'," Baptist Biblical Heritage, vol. II, no. 1, Spring, 1991). Ray's book has gone through numerous printings, with total copies numbering perhaps in the tens of thousands. I first saw a copy myself in 1971 as a first-year student at Baptist Bible College, Springfield, Missouri, where I was also introduced--by students from Ohio--to Ruckman's Bible Babel and Fuller's
Which Bible?
… The other chief disseminator of Wilkinson's misinformation was David Otis Fuller, a Regular Baptist pastor. Fuller must be counted as part of the third generation, since, according to Fuller's own words in the dedication of Counterfeit or Genuine (1975), Ray's book God Wrote Only One Bible "moved me to begin this fascinating study." Ray and his book were also repeatedly noted on pp.2-4 of Which Bible? I imagine the scenario went something like this: Fuller reads Ray; Fuller writes Ray for more information; Ray directs Fuller to Wilkinson; Fuller reads Wilkinson, is led astray, then reprints Wilkinson in Which Bible?
In 1970, Fuller issued Which Bible?, which was in its 5th edition by 1975 and contained 350 pages. Of those pages, almost half were taken from Wilkinson's Our Authorized Bible Vindicated, with some editing, first to conceal from view Wilkinson's cult affiliation, and second, to correct some of the worst of his errors
… In spite of its inherent defects, inherently contradictory points of view, and frequent errors, Which Bible? in numerous printings in at least five editions has had a very extensive influence in shaping much of the current debate and disseminating much of the misinformation that characterizes KJV-onlyism today.
… Also in the third generation, without question the most vocal and abusive of the KJVO partisans is Peter S. Ruckman …
… All of his writings are characterized by the most vehement vilification and denunciation of everyone and anyone …
And how was Ruckman drawn into the fray? What book influenced him? Ruckman's first-born book on the subject … The Bible Babel (1964) betrays unmistakable signs of heavy dependence on Ray. Ruckman's chart of "corrupt" texts and versions facing p. 28 is an abbreviation of Ray, pp.56-70; Ruckman's "tree" of "good" versions facing p. 73 is a virtual reproduction, with very minor alterations, of Ray's chart on p. 109; on p. VIII of the footnote references, Ruckman specifically mentions Ray's book, though giving the title as God Only Wrote One Book, which is typical of Ruckman's level of accuracy.
… Just as Wilkinson misapplied Psalm 12:6,7 to the KJV, as did Ray, so did Ruckman. Furthermore, in his so-called The Christian's Handbook of Manuscript Evidence (1970), Ruckman specifically commends Ray (along with Edward F. Hills) as one of a very few reliable writers on text and translation issues (preface, p. I).
… Among those heavily influenced by Fuller can be named D. A. Waite, who now does a great deal of his own misleading, and E. L. Bynum. Jack Chick, whose comic books have espoused KJV-onlyism, has acknowledged in letters that he is entirely dependent for his information on Fuller and Ruckman.
… From Wilkinson in the first generation, through Ray in the second, and Fuller and Ruckman in the third, the entire KJVO movement has arisen, and every present-day KJV-onlyite is a direct spiritual descendant of these ill-informed men.
… First, the KJV was viewed as better than other English versions, though not above some revision and correction (thus Ray); then, the view was taken that the KJV was error-free (but not without insoluble problems; thus Fuller); then, the KJV came to be accepted as perfect, and infallible, unalterably exact, superior even to the Greek and Hebrew texts from which it was made, and in fact was alleged to contain new revelations not found in the Greek and Hebrew (thus Ruckman); and now it is asserted that a person cannot be saved unless through the English KJV (thus Hyles and others …
… Every KJVO advocate is a lineal descendant of Wilkinson, Ray, Fuller and Ruckman, and all are the victims (unwitting, I hope) of the multitude of gross distortions, errors, corruptions, misunderstandings, misrepresentations, and, in some cases, out-right lies of these men.
The King James Version and the Textus Receptus - Their history, accuracy, and relevance today
Is the King James Version the Only Bible Christians Should Trust and Read? --- Part One
Is the King James Version the Only bible Christians Should Trust and Read? -- Part Two
Is the King James Version the Only Bible Christians Should Trust and Read?—Part Three
The Conflict Over Different Bible Versions -- Part 4
The Conflict Over Different Bible Versions -- Part Five
The Conflict Over Different Bible Versions -- Part Six
The Conflict Over Different Bible Versions -- Part Seven
IS YOUR MODERN TRANSLATION CORRUPT?
Bible Numerics Examined Information on Wescott & Hort, This article is good, but some articles on this site need to be taken with MAJOR salt
The Truth About The King James Only Controversy
Something "qere" Is Going On In The KJV
Why I Do Not Think the King James Bible Is the Best Translation Available Today
The NIV Bible Quiz
The original quiz comes from: http://www.jesus-is-lord.com/nivquiz.htm
INTRUCTIONS: Using the New International Versionª Bible (NIV), answer the following questions. Do not rely on your memory. As the Bible is the final authority, you must take the answer from the NIV Bible verse (Not from footnotes but from the text. Footnotes are not the Bible.).
1. Fill in the missing words in Matthew 5:44. "Love your enemies, ________ them that curse you, _____________ to them that hate you, and pray for them that __________ and persecute you."
No, this doesn't appear at Matthew 5, but it does appear in its entirety at Luke 6:
Luke 6:27-28 "But I tell you who hear me: Love your enemies, do good to those who hate you, 28bless those who curse you, pray for those who mistreat you. "
So, the question is - was it deleted? Or was it added at Matthew 5? Does it matter? The full text appears in both Bibles.
2. According to Matthew 17:21, what two things are required to cast out this type of devil?
Matthew 17:18-20 (NIV)
Footnote: 21 But this kind does not go out except by prayer and fasting.
This verse does not appear in the text of the NIV, but it is in the footnote. This is pretty much the only place where there might be a difference in how you do something, based on the text alone (and ignoring the footnote). Personally, if I had to deal with driving out a demon, I would read everything I could on it in the Bible, and I would not ignore the footnote!
Mark 9 (NIV)
28After Jesus had gone indoors, his disciples asked him privately, "Why couldn't we drive it out?"
29He replied, "This kind can come out only by prayer.[
You can see that in the parallel passage in Mark 9, that "prayer" was included. This whole question is perhaps a valid question, as apparently, most manuscripts have the "and fasting." The manuscripts that we currently have that are the oldest do not. However, this phrase was quoted by Origen, who wrote in about 200 AD. (That's not a ringing endorsement, as Origen was pretty apostate & leaned towards Gnosticism). The International Bible Society thinks the words were added in the fifth century under
Gnostic pressure. I'm not sure if that carries any weight or not. In the parallel passage in Luke 9:37-43, no mention is made of prayer OR fasting in any Bible.3. According to Matthew 18:11, why did Jesus come to earth?
Matthew 18 (KJV)
Matthew 18 (NIV) 10"See that you do not look down on one of these little ones. For I tell you that their angels in heaven always see the face of my Father in heaven.
No, the verse is not in the NIV. It's in a footnote. However, please note:
Luke 19:10
For the Son of Man came to seek and to save what was lost.
So, again, if this was someone trying to cover up the truth, he didn't do a very good job of it.
4. According to Matthew 27:2, what was Pilate's first name?
This one is just silly, and seems pretty obvious that the "Pontius" was added in that verse in the KJV. The NIV is hardly hiding it:
Luke 3:1
In the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar–when Pontius Pilate was governor of Judea, Herod tetrarch of Galilee, his brother Philip tetrarch of Iturea and Traconitis, and Lysanias tetrarch of Abilene–
Acts 4:27
Indeed Herod and Pontius Pilate met together with the Gentiles and the people[ 4:27 The Greek is plural.] of Israel in this city to conspire against your holy servant Jesus, whom you anointed.
1 Timothy 6:13
In the sight of God, who gives life to everything, and of Christ Jesus, who while testifying before Pontius Pilate made the good confession, I charge you
5. In Matthew 27:35, when the wicked soldiers parted His garments, they were fulfilling the words of the prophet. Copy what the prophet said in Matthew 27:35 from the NIV.
This one is also silly. No, it's not in Matthew, but the entire thing is in the parallel verse in John. So, again, was it deleted or was it added? Does it matter?
John 1923When the soldiers crucified Jesus, they took his clothes, dividing them into four shares, one for each of them, with the undergarment remaining. This garment was seamless, woven in one piece from top to bottom.
19:24 Psalm 22:18 (Please note that the NIV includes where to find the quote, while the KJ does not)
6. In Mark 3:15, Jesus gave the apostles power to cast out devils and to:
Same thing here:
Mark 3 (NIV)
15 And to have power to heal sicknesses, and to cast out devils
Luke 9:1
When Jesus had called the Twelve together, he gave them power and authority to drive out all demons and to cure diseases,
Matthew 10:8
Heal the sick, raise the dead, cleanse those who have leprosy, drive out demons. Freely you have received, freely give.
7. According to Mark 7:16, what does a man need to be able to hear?
Mark 4:9
Mark 4:23
If anyone has ears to hear, let him hear."
Luke 8:8
Still other seed fell on good soil. It came up and yielded a crop, a hundred times more than was sown." When he said this, he called out, "He who has ears to hear, let him hear."
Luke 14:35
It is fit neither for the soil nor for the manure pile; it is thrown out. "He who has ears to hear, let him hear."
8. According to Luke 7:28, what was John? (teacher, prophet, carpenter, etc.). What is his title or last name?
Matthew 21:26
Matthew 14:5
Herod wanted to kill John, but he was afraid of the people, because they considered him a prophet.
Mark 11:32
But if we say, 'From men'...." (They feared the people, for everyone held that John really was a prophet.)
Matthew 3:1
In those days John the Baptist came, preaching in the Desert of Judea
Matthew 11:11
I tell you the truth: Among those born of women there has not risen anyone greater than John the Baptist; yet he who is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he.
Matthew 11:12
From the days of John the Baptist until now, the kingdom of heaven has been forcefully advancing, and forceful men lay hold of it.
Matthew 14:2
and he said to his attendants, "This is John the Baptist; he has risen from the dead! That is why miraculous powers are at work in him."
Matthew 14:8
Prompted by her mother, she said, "Give me here on a platter the head of John the Baptist."
Matthew 16:14
They replied, "Some say John the Baptist; others say Elijah; and still others, Jeremiah or one of the prophets."
Matthew 17:13
Then the disciples understood that he was talking to them about John the Baptist.
And that was just from Matthew!
9. In Luke 9:55, what did the disciples not know?
Luke 9
Footnote: 9:55,56 Some manuscripts them. And he said, "You do not know what kind of spirit you are of, for the Son of Man did not come to destroy men's lives, but to save them." 56 And
This does not seem very critical, as this doctrine is all through the New Testament.
10. In Luke 9:56, what did the Son of man not come to do? According to this verse, what did He come to do?
Matthew 20:28
Mark 10:45
For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many."
11. In Luke 22:14, how many apostles were with Jesus?
Luke 22:14
(KJV)Matthew 26:20 (NIV, parallel verse)
When evening came, Jesus was reclining at the table with the Twelve.
12. According to Luke 23:38, in what three languages was the superscription written?
John 19:20
Pilate had a notice prepared and fastened to the cross. It read: JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS. 20Many of the Jews read this sign, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city, and the sign was written in Aramaic, Latin and Greek.13. In Luke 24:42, what did they give Jesus to eat with His fish?
Luke 24
KJV: And they gave him a piece of a broiled fish, and of an honeycomb.
It's true - only the King James says honeycomb. None of the other versions have it.
14. John 3:13 is a very important verse, proving the deity of Christ. According to this verse (as Jesus spoke), where is the Son of man?
John 3 (KJV)
John 3 (NIV)
13No one has ever gone into heaven except the one who came from heaven--the Son of Man.[
Bear in mind that Jesus was present, speaking to Nicodemus at the time. There are dozens of verses fully proving that Jesus is God. If this is the attempt to take away from his deity, the translators didn't do a very good job of it.
15. What happened each year as told in John 5:4?
John 5 (KJV)
John 5:7 (NIV) Sir," the invalid replied, "I have no one to help me into the pool when the water is stirred. While I am trying to get in, someone else goes down ahead of me."
Footnote: 5:3 Some manuscripts paralyzed--and they waited for the moving of the waters. 4 From time to time an angel of the Lord would come down and stir up the waters. The first one into the pool after each such disturbance would be cured of whatever disease he had.
There is no doctrine affected by this. There was a
marginal note on the earlier manuscripts which explained why the people waited for the water to be stirred, and this note wound up getting incorporated into the text itself. One potentially bad thing is that if this was truly just an explanation of a Jewish legend or tradition - then the legend got elevated to Scripture status in the King James.16. In John 7:50, what time of day did Nicodemus come to Jesus?
John 7 (KJV)
John 7 (NIV)
50
Nicodemus, who had gone to Jesus earlier and who was one of their own number, askedJohn 3 1Now there was a man of the Pharisees named Nicodemus, a member of the Jewish ruling council. 2He came to Jesus at night and said, "Rabbi, we know you are a teacher who has come from God. For no one could perform the miraculous signs you are doing if God were not with him."
17. In Acts 8:37, what is the one requirement for baptism?
Acts 8:36-38 (KJV)
And as they went on their way, they came unto a certain water: and the eunuch said, See, here is water; what doth hinder me to be baptized?Acts 8:36-38 (NIV) As they traveled along the road, they came to some water and the eunuch said, "Look, here is water. Why shouldn't I be baptized?"[6] 38And he gave orders to stop the chariot. Then both Philip and the eunuch went down into the water and Philip baptized him.
Footnote: 8:36 Some late manuscripts baptized?" 37 Philip said, "If you believe with all your heart, you may." The eunuch answered, "I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God."
This one did bother me, as I studied baptism. However, someone who has questions about infant baptism cannot build (or reject) a doctrine based on this one verse. This concerns an adult, and adults are not baptized without believing first. But - you can't necessarily turn around and apply it to someone who is still under his parent's protection. To build doctrine, you need at least two witnesses (two places in Scripture where it is discussed).
18. What did Saul ask Jesus in Acts 9:6?
Acts 9:4-6 (KJV)
And he fell to the earth, and heard a voice saying unto him, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?Acts 9:3-6 (NIV) As he neared Damascus on his journey, suddenly a light from heaven flashed around him. 4He fell to the ground and heard a voice say to him, "Saul, Saul, why do you persecute me?"
5"Who are you, Lord?" Saul asked.
6"I am Jesus, whom you are persecuting," he replied. "Now get up and go into the city, and you will be told what you must do."
I'll let you decide what to think about this.
19. Write the name of the man mentioned in Acts 15:34.
Just read the previous verse! Read the chapter and see if this makes any difference at all.
20. Study Acts 24:6-8. What would the Jew have done with Paul? What was the chief captain's name? What did the chief captain command?
Acts 24 (KJV)
Acts 24 (NIV)
6and even tried to desecrate the temple; so we seized him. 8By[1] examining him yourself you will be able to learn the truth about all these charges we are bringing against him."
Footnotes: 24:6-8 Some manuscripts him and wanted to judge him according to our law. 7 But the commander, Lysias, came and with the use of much force snatched him from our hands 8 and ordered his accusers to come before you. By
Read the whole chapter of Acts 24 and see whether anything is lost here.
21. Copy Romans 16:24 word for word from the NIV.
Romans 16 (KJV)
This is another silly one. Just look four verses earlier:
Romans 16:20 (NIV)
The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet. The grace of our Lord Jesus be with you.
Galatians 6:18
The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit, brothers. Amen.
1 Thessalonians 5:28
The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you.
2 Thessalonians 3:18
The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all.
22. First Timothy 3:16 is perhaps the greatest verse in the New Testament concerning the deity of Christ. In this verse, who was manifested in the flesh?
1 Timothy 3 (KJV)
1 Timothy 3 (NIV)
16Beyond all question, the mystery of godliness is great:
He[1] appeared in a body,[2]
was vindicated by the Spirit,
was seen by angels,
was preached among the nations,
was believed on in the world,
was taken up in glory.
Footnotes 3:16 Some manuscripts God
First of all, this is not the greatest verse in the Bible concerning the deity of Christ. I believe that honor goes to John 1:
John 1
The Word Became Flesh
1In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
Note the title the NIV gives this section and how the verses continue:
14
The Word became flesh and made his dwelling among us. We have seen his glory, the glory of the One and Only, who came from the Father, full of grace and truth.As you can see, if the translators were trying to hide the deity of Jesus, they did a lousy job of it.
23. In the second part of First Peter 4:14, how do [they] speak of Christ? And, what do we Christians do?
1 Peter 4 (KJV)
1 Peter 4 (NIV)
14If you are insulted because of the name of Christ, you are blessed, for the Spirit of glory and of God rests on you.
This idea is clearly shown elsewhere:
Matthew 5:11,16
11"Blessed are you when people insult you, persecute you and falsely say all kinds of evil against you because of me. 16In the same way, let your light shine before men, that they may see your good deeds and praise your Father in heaven.
24. Who are the three Persons of the Trinity in First John 5:7?
1 John 5 (NIV)
Footnote 5:7,8 Late manuscripts of the Vulgate testify in heaven: the Father, the Word and the Holy Spirit, and these three are one. 8 And there are three that testify on earth: the (not found in any Greek manuscript before the sixteenth century)
In Erasmus' first Greek New Testament, he did not include the Trinity statement that had come to be part of the Vulgate, because it was in no Greek manuscript. When people were upset that it was gone, he told them that if they could find even one Greek manuscript with it in, he would include it in his revision. Low and behold, a (newly made) Greek manuscript appeared with the statement in it, so Erasmus included it. Martin Luther translated his German Bible New Testament based on Erasmus' Greek New Testament, but before this verse had been revised, so his Bible does not include the Trinity statement either. The King James is based on the revision. To this day, there are only a handful of manuscripts with this statement, and all of them date from Erasmus' time. There is nothing wrong with the statement. It is perfectly true. It just wasn't included in any Greek manuscripts. It would be nice if the Trinity was so clearly proclaimed, but that is not the case.
25. Revelation 1:11 is another very important verse that proves the deity of Christ. In the first part of this verse Jesus said, "I am the A__________ and O___________ , the _________ and the _______:"
Revelation 1:8
Revelation 21:6
He (Jesus) said to me: "It is done. I am the Alpha and the Omega, the Beginning and the End. To him who is thirsty I will give to drink without cost from the spring of the water of life.
Revelation 22:13
I (Jesus is speaking) am the Alpha and the Omega, the First and the Last, the Beginning and the End.
The entire original preface to the 1611 King James Bible
If you have questions about the King James Only controversy, I think you'll find this interesting. This is very, very long. The parts I'm showing are only a portion of the original. You can find the whole thing here:
http://www.bible-researcher.com/kjvpref.html
Below is the original essay prefixed to the King James Version in the edition of 1611, in which the translators defend their version against criticisms they expected to be brought against it. The text here has been taken from The Holy Bible, an Exact Reprint Page for Page of the Authorized Version Published in the Year MDCXI. (Oxford, 1833). Here the spelling and the use of italics has been modernized; the subject headings (which were set in the margins) are placed in the body of the text; and the scripture references in the margin are inserted in the text in square brackets. The many references to works of the church fathers which appeared in the margins are here omitted.
Zeal to promote the common good, whether it be by devising anything ourselves, or revising that which hath been laboured by others, deserveth certainly much respect and esteem, but yet findeth but cold entertainment in the world. It is welcomed with suspicion instead of love, and with emulation instead of thanks: and if there be any hole left for cavil to enter, (and cavil, if it do not find a hole, will make one) it is sure to be misconstrued, and in danger to be condemned.
This, and more to this purpose, His Majesty that now reigneth (and long, and long may he reign, and his offspring forever, Himself and children, and children's children always) knew full well, according to the singular wisdom given unto him by God, and the rare learning and experience that he hath attained unto; namely that whosoever attempteth anything for the public (especially if it pertain to Religion, and to the opening and clearing of the word of God) the same setteth himself upon a stage to be gloated upon by every evil eye, yea, he casteth himself headlong upon pikes, to be gored by every sharp tongue. For he that medleth with men's Religion in any part, medleth with their custom, nay, with their freehold; and though they find no content in that which they have, yet they cannot abide to hear of altering.
The original thereof being from heaven, not from earth; the author being God, not man; the inditer, the holy spirit, not the wit of the Apostles or Prophets; the Penmen such as were sanctified from the womb, and endued with a principal portion of God's spirit; the matter, verity, piety, purity, uprightness; the form, God's word, God's testimony, God's oracles, the word of truth, the word of salvation, etc.; the effects, light of understanding, stableness of persuasion, repentance from dead works, newness of life, holiness, peace, joy in the holy Ghost; lastly, the end and reward of the study thereof, fellowship with the Saints, participation of the heavenly nature, fruition of an inheritance immortal, undefiled, and that never shall fade away: Happy is the man that delighteth in the Scripture, and thrice happy that meditateth in it day and night.
But how shall men meditate in that, which they cannot understand? How shall they understand that which is kept close in an unknown tongue? as it is written, Except I know the power of the voice, I shall be to him that speaketh, a Barbarian, and he that speaketh, shall be a Barbarian to me. [1 Cor 14] Nature taught a natural man to confess, that all of us in those tongues which we do not understand, are plainly deaf; we may turn the deaf ear unto them.
Therefore as one complaineth, that always in the Senate of Rome, there was one or other that called for an interpreter: so lest the Church be driven to the like exigent, it is necessary to have translations in a readiness. Translation it is that openeth the window, to let in the light; that breaketh the shell, that we may eat the kernel; that putteth aside the curtain, that we may look into the most Holy place; that removeth the cover of the well, that we may come by the water, even as Jacob rolled away the stone from the mouth of the well, by which means the flocks of Laban were watered [Gen 29:10]. Indeed without translation into the vulgar tongue, the unlearned are but like children at Jacob's well (which was deep) [John 4:11] without a bucket or something to draw with; or as that person mentioned by Isaiah, to whom when a sealed book was delivered, with this motion, Read this, I pray thee, he was fain to make this answer, I cannot, for it is sealed. [Isa 29:11]
While God would be known only in Jacob, and have his Name great in Israel, and in none other place, while the dew lay on Gideon's fleece only, and all the earth besides was dry; then for one and the same people, which spake all of them the language of Canaan, that is, Hebrew, one and the same original in Hebrew was sufficient. But, when the fulness of time drew near, that the Sun of righteousness, the Son of God should come into the world, whom God ordained to be a reconciliation through faith in his blood, not of the Jew only, but also of the Greek, yea, of all them that were scattered abroad; then lo, it pleased the Lord to stir up the spirit of a Greek Prince (Greek for descent and language) even of Ptolemy Philadelph King of Egypt, to procure the translating of the Book of God out of Hebrew into Greek. This is the translation of the Seventy Interpreters, commonly so called, which prepared the way for our Saviour among the Gentiles by written preaching, as Saint John Baptist did among the Jews by vocal. For the Grecians being desirous of learning, were not wont to suffer books of worth to lie moulding in Kings' libraries, but had many of their servants, ready scribes, to copy them out, and so they were dispersed and made common. Again, the Greek tongue was well known and made familiar to most inhabitants in Asia, by reason of the conquest that there the Grecians had made, as also by the Colonies, which thither they had sent. For the same causes also it was well understood in many places of Europe, yea, and of Africa too.
It is certain, that that Translation was not so sound and so perfect, but that it needed in many places correction; and who had been so sufficient for this work as the Apostles or Apostolic men? Yet it seemed good to the holy Ghost and to them, to take that which they found, (the same being for the greatest part true and sufficient) rather than by making a new, in that new world and green age of the Church, to expose themselves to many exceptions and cavillations, as though they made a Translation to serve their own turn, and therefore bearing witness to themselves, their witness not to be regarded.
Yet for all that, as the Egyptians are said of the Prophet to be men and not God, and their horses flesh and not spirit [Isa 31:3]; so it is evident, (and Saint Jerome affirmeth as much) that the Seventy were Interpreters, they were not Prophets; they did many things well, as learned men; but yet as men they stumbled and fell, one while through oversight, another while through ignorance, yea, sometimes they may be noted to add to the Original, and sometimes to take from it; which made the Apostles to leave them many times, when they left the Hebrew, and to deliver the sense thereof according to the truth of the word, as the spirit gave them utterance. This may suffice touching the Greek Translations of the Old Testament.
There were also within a few hundred years after Christ, translations many into the Latin tongue: for this tongue also was very fit to convey the Law and the Gospel by, because in those times very many Countries of the West, yea of the South, East and North, spake or understood Latin, being made Provinces to the Romans. But now the Latin Translations were too many to be all good, for they were infinite (Latini Interpretes nullo modo numerari possunt, saith S. Augustine). Again they were not out of the Hebrew fountain (we speak of the Latin Translations of the Old Testament) but out of the Greek stream, therefore the Greek being not altogether clear, the Latin derived from it must needs be muddy. This moved S. Jerome a most learned father, and the best linguist without controversy, of his age, or of any that went before him, to undertake the translating of the Old Testament, out of the very fountains themselves, which he performed with that evidence of great learning, judgment, industry, and faithfulness, that he hath forever bound the Church unto him, in a debt of special remembrance and thankfulness.
Now though the Church were thus furnished with Greek and Latin Translations, yet for all that the godly-learned were not content to have the Scriptures in the Language which themselves understood but also for the behoof and edifying of the unlearned which hungered and thirsted after righteousness, and had souls to be saved as well as they, they provided Translations into the vulgar for their Countrymen, insomuch that most nations under heaven did shortly after their conversion, hear Christ speaking unto them in their mother tongue, not by the voice of their Minister only, but also by the written word translated. So, S. Chrysostom that lived in S. Jerome's time, giveth evidence with him: The doctrine of S. John (saith he) did not in such sort (as the Philosophers' did) vanish away: but the Syrians, Egyptians, Indians, Persians, Ethiopians, and infinite other nations being barbarous people translated it into their (mother) tongue, and have learned to be (true) Philosophers, he meaneth Christians. To this may be added Theodoret, as next unto him, both for antiquity, and for learning. His words be these, Every Country that is under the Sun, is full of these words (of the Apostles and Prophets) and the Hebrew tongue (he meaneth the Scriptures in the Hebrew tongue) is turned not only into the Language of the Grecians, but also of the Romans, and Egyptians, and Persians, and Indians, and Armenians, and Scythians, and Sauromatians, and briefly into all the Languages that any Nation useth.
So that, to have the Scriptures in the mother tongue is not a quaint conceit lately taken up, but hath been thought upon, and put in practice of old, even from the first times of the conversion of any Nation; no doubt, because it was esteemed most profitable, to cause faith to grow in men's hearts the sooner, and to make them to be able to say with the words of the Psalm, As we have heard, so we have seen. [Ps 48:8]
Yea, so unwilling they (their adversaries in the church) are to communicate the Scriptures to the people's understanding in any sort, that they are not ashamed to confess, that we forced them to translate it into English against their wills But we will let them alone for this fault, and return to translation.
And to the same effect say we, that we are so far off from condemning any of their labors that travailed before us in this kind, either in this land or beyond sea, either in King Henry's time, or King Edward's (if there were any translation, or correction of a translation in his time) or Queen Elizabeth's of ever renowned memory, that we acknowledge them to have been raised up of God, for the building and furnishing of his Church, and that they deserve to be had of us and of posterity in everlasting remembrance.
Yet for all that, as nothing is begun and perfected at the same time, and the later thoughts are thought to be the wiser: so, if we building upon their foundation that went before us, and being holpen by their labours, do endeavor to make that better which they left so good; no man, we are sure, hath cause to mislike us; they, we persuade ourselves, if they were alive, would thank us. Aquila, of whom we spake before, translated the Bible as carefully, and as skilfully as he could; and yet he thought good to go over it again How many books of profane learning have been gone over again and again, by the same translators, by others? Of one and the same book of Aristotle's Ethics, there are extant not so few as six or seven several translations. And this is the word of God, which we translate.
Now to the latter we answer; that we do not deny, nay we affirm and avow, that the very meanest translation of the Bible in English, set forth by men of our profession, (for we have seen none of theirs of the whole Bible as yet) containeth the word of God, nay, is the word of God. As the King's speech, which he uttereth in Parliament, being translated into French, Dutch, Italian, and Latin, is still the King's speech, though it be not interpreted by every Translator with the like grace, nor peradventure so fitly for phrase, nor so expressly for sense, everywhere.
No cause therefore why the word translated should be denied to be the word, or forbidden to be current, notwithstanding that some imperfections and blemishes may be noted in the setting forth of it. For what ever was perfect under the Sun, where Apostles or Apostolic men, that is, men endued with an extraordinary measure of God's spirit, and privileged with the privilege of infallibility, had not their hand?
So, by the story of Ezra, and the prophecy of Haggai it may be gathered, that the Temple built by Zerubbabel after the return from Babylon, was by no means to be compared to the former built by Solomon (for they that remembered the former, wept when they considered the latter) [Ezra 3:12], the like we are to think of Translations.
The translation of the Seventy dissenteth from the Original in many places, neither doth it come near it, for perspicuity, gravity, majesty; yet which of the Apostles did condemn it? Condemn it? Nay, they used it, (as it is apparent, and as Saint Jerome and most learned men do confess) which they would not have done, nor by their example of using it, so grace and commend it to the Church, if it had been unworthy the appellation and name of the word of God. But we weary the unlearned, who need not know so much, and trouble the learned, who know it already.
But it is high time to leave them, and to show in brief what we proposed to ourselves, and what course we held in this our perusal and survey of the Bible. Truly (good Christian Reader) we never thought from the beginning, that we should need to make a new Translation, nor yet to make of a bad one a good one, but to make a good one better, or out of many good ones, one principal good one, not justly to be excepted against; that hath been our endeavor, that our mark. To that purpose there were many chosen, that were greater in other men's eyes than in their own, and that sought the truth rather than their own praise. And in what sort did these assemble? In the trust of their own knowledge, or of their sharpness of wit, or deepness of judgment, as it were in an arm of flesh? At no hand. They trusted in him that hath the key of David, opening and no man shutting; they prayed to the Lord the Father of our Lord, to the effect that S. Augustine did; O let thy Scriptures be my pure delight, let me not be deceived in them, neither let me deceive by them.
In this confidence, and with this devotion did they assemble together; not too many, lest one should trouble another; and yet many, lest many things haply might escape them. If you ask what they had before them, truly it was the Hebrew text of the Old Testament, the Greek of the New. These are the two golden pipes, or rather conduits, where-through the olive branches empty themselves into the gold. If truth be to be tried by these tongues, then whence should a Translation be made, but out of them? These tongues therefore, the Scriptures we say in those tongues, we set before us to translate, being the tongues wherein God was pleased to speak to his Church by his Prophets and Apostles.
Neither did we run over the work with that posting haste that the Septuagint did, if that be true which is reported of them, that they finished it in 72 days; neither were we barred or hindered from going over it again, having once done it, like S. Jerome, if that be true which himself reporteth, that he could no sooner write anything, but presently it was caught from him, and published, and he could not have leave to mend it: None of these things: the work hath not been huddled up in 72 days, but hath cost the workmen, as light as it seemeth, the pains of twice seven times seventy two days and more: matters of such weight and consequence are to be speeded with maturity: for in a business of moment a man feareth not the blame of convenient slackness. Neither did we think much to consult the Translators or Commentators, Chaldee, Hebrew, Syrian, Greek or Latin, no nor the Spanish, French, Italian, or Dutch; neither did we disdain to revise that which we had done, and to bring back to the anvil that which we had hammered: but having and using as great helps as were needful, and fearing no reproach for slowness, nor coveting praise for expedition, we have at the length, through the good hand of the Lord upon us, brought the work to that pass that you see.
Some peradventure would have no variety of senses to be set in the margin, lest the authority of the Scriptures for deciding of controversies by that show of uncertainty, should somewhat be shaken. But we hold their judgment not to be so sound in this point. For though, whatsoever things are necessary are manifest, as S. Chrysostom saith, and as S. Augustine, In those things that are plainly set down in the Scriptures, all such matters are found that concern Faith, Hope, and Charity. Yet for all that it cannot be dissembled, that partly to exercise and whet our wits, partly to wean the curious from loathing of them for their every-where plainness, partly also to stir up our devotion to crave the assistance of God's spirit by prayer, and lastly, that we might be forward to seek aid of our brethren by conference, and never scorn those that be not in all respects so complete as they should be, being to seek in many things ourselves, it hath pleased God in his divine providence, here and there to scatter words and sentences of that difficulty and doubtfulness, not in doctrinal points that concern salvation, (for in such it hath been vouched that the Scriptures are plain) but in matters of less moment, that fearfulness would better beseem us than confidence. There be many words in the Scriptures, which be never found there but once, (having neither brother nor neighbor, as the Hebrews speak) so that we cannot be holpen by conference of places. Again, there be many rare names of certain birds, beasts and precious stones, etc. concerning which the Hebrews themselves are so divided among themselves for judgment, that they may seem to have defined this or that, rather because they would say something, than because they were sure of that which they said, as S. Jerome somewhere saith of the Septuagint.
Now in such a case, doth not a margin do well to admonish the Reader to seek further, and not to conclude or dogmatize upon this or that peremptorily? For as it is a fault of incredulity, to doubt of those things that are evident: so to determine of such things as the Spirit of God hath left (even in the judgment of the judicious) questionable, can be no less than presumption. Therefore as S. Augustine saith, that variety of Translations is profitable for the finding out of the sense of the Scriptures: so diversity of signification and sense in the margin, where the text is no so clear, must needs do good, yea, is necessary, as we are persuaded.
We know that Sixtus Quintus expressly forbiddeth, that any variety of readings of their vulgar edition, should be put in the margin, (which though it be not altogether the same thing to that we have in hand, yet it looketh that way) but we think he hath not all of his own side his favorers, for this conceit. They that are wise, had rather have their judgments at liberty in differences of readings, than to be captivated to one, when it may be the other.
Many other things we might give thee warning of (gentle Reader) if we had not exceeded the measure of a Preface already. It remaineth, that we commend thee to God, and to the Spirit of his grace, which is able to build further than we can ask or think. He removeth the scales from our eyes, the veil from our hearts, opening our wits that we may understand his word, enlarging our hearts, yea correcting our affections, that we may love it above gold and silver, yea that we may love it to the end. Ye are brought unto fountains of living water which ye digged not; do not cast earth into them with the Philistines, neither prefer broken pits before them with the wicked Jews. [Gen 26:15. Jer 2:13.] Others have laboured, and you may enter into their labours; O receive not so great things in vain, O despise not so great salvation! Be not like swine to tread under foot so precious things, neither yet like dogs to tear and abuse holy things.
It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God; [Heb 10:31] but a blessed thing it is, and will bring us to everlasting blessedness in the end, when God speaketh unto us, to hearken; when he setteth his word before us, to read it; when he stretcheth out his hand and calleth, to answer, Here am I, here we are to do thy will, O God. The Lord work a care and conscience in us to know him and serve him, that we may be acknowledged of him at the appearing of our Lord Jesus Christ, to whom with the holy Ghost, be all praise and thanksgiving. Amen.
God will lead you in the way He knows is best. The most important thing is just to read His Word. If that means you're most comfortable reading the King James Version, then read that version. If you like the texts behind the King James but find the King James hard going, then try the New King James. God knows what's best for you. Just pray and leave it in His hands. Trust Him.