FINAL EXAM REVIEW 2003!

Hello biology students! Your final exam is this MONDAY. It will be given during the first session. Period 2 students will take the exam in our classroom (how convenient!) and period 10 students will take the exam in room 123.

To prepare for your exam you should review the following concepts from the following chapters:

CHAPTER 11

• Gregor Mendel

• True-breeding plants

• Hybrid plants

• Gene

• Gamete

• Allele

• Genetics

• Segregation

• The principle of dominance

• Punnett Square (Be able to make one and interpret it using probability!)

• Homozygous, heterozygous

• Phenotype, genotype

• Independent Assortment

• Incomplete dominance (Snapdragons!)

• Co-dominance (Roan cattle!)

• Meiosis

• Crossing over

• Tetrad

• Diploid vs. Haploid

• Homologous

• Page 283 #1-9 and #11-13, 17-19 would be a good review.

CHAPTER 12

• DNA (Be able to list the major characteristics!)

• RNA (Be able to list the major characteristics!)

• Compare and contrast DNA and RNA

• Griffith and transformation (What is transformation and what does it show about DNA?)

• Bacteriophage (What is it? How was it used? What does it show about DNA?)

• Complementary base pairing

• Avery

• Hershey-Chase

• Radioactive markers

• THE STRUCTURE OF DNA

• Purines & Pyrimidines

• Chargaff's Rules

• Watson, Crick, Wilkins & Franklin (What did they all contribute to the discovery of the structure of DNA?)

• Chromosome structure

• Histones, centromere, chromatids, chromatin

• DNA replication (Know the general principle and the steps to replicate a DNA molecule.)

• Types of RNA (mRNA, tRNA, rRNA)

• Transcription (What is it???)

• Translation (What is it????)

• Codon

• Page 315 #1-8, 12 -17, & 21 would be a good review.

CHAPTER 15

• Evolution

• Fossil

• Darwin

• Darwin's observations

• Lamarck

• Acquired characteristics (WHICH CAN NEVER HAPPEN!!!!!)

• Natural variation

• Natural selection

• Adaptation

• Survival of the fittest

• Descent with modification

• common decent

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

• Vestigial organs

• Page 389 #1-7, 9, 10, 11-13, 16, 19 -24 would be a good review.

CHAPTER 18

• Classification

• Taxon

• Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

• Domains (Major characteristics of each.)

• The 6 Kingdoms

CHAPTERS 27, 28, 29, 30

• These chapters covered the information that we studied while dissecting.

• Since we only covered bits of information from each chapter, you only need to study the information covered in the outlines completed in class. I have graded and returned all outlines given to me...you all have excellent study guides!

• For each organism dissected in class be able to do two things:

1. Name its key features. For example, ARTHROPODS have segmented bodies, jointed appendages, and exoskeletons!

2. Discuss key adaptations that the organism has for living on land or water. For example, AMPHIBIANS are adapted to live on the land as adults because they have bones, a sternum that protects internal organs, and lungs for breathing air.