| ˇóRecovery of peristalsis |
small intestineˇ÷stomachˇ÷colon |
| ˇóVariceal bleeding risk factors: |
1.size
2.red color sign
3.liver reserve |
| ˇóGround glass hepatocyte (GGH) |
represents a histological hallmark of
chronic hepatitis B virus infection and contains surface antigens in the
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) |
| ˇóexudate: |
Acites: > 3 g/dl (WBC> 250/mm3)
Pleural: protein> 0.5 Plasma, LDH> 0.6 Plasma
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| ˇóTx for hepatitis |
1.alpha-interferon:
2.lamivudine: less side effects, but induce YMDD virus mutation
3.Ribavirin: for Hepatitis C, hemolysis
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| ˇóPancreatitis: |
"GET SMASHED"
pancreatic pseudocyst, abscess, fistula....
Ranson criteria:
On admission: Age(70y/o), WBC(18k), BS(>220), LDH(>400)
48 hrs: Hct(-10), BUN(+2), Ca(<8), PaO2, BE(>5), fluid sequestration(>4L)
|
| ˇóreason for LDH elevation: |
First rule out:
L: lipid
D: Jaun-D-ice(icteric, hepatic injury)
H: hemolysis
Then, consider
1. rapid cell turn over: lymphoma, large tumor burden
2. pancreatits
3. AMI
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| ˇóIBD |
UC: rectum, continuously
CD: terminal ileum, skip areas, transmural, cobblestone patternˇ]§J¶©¸őĄŰˇ^
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| ˇóPeutz-Jeghers sundrome: |
perioral pigmentation, STK11 gene |
| ˇóHemangioma: |
peripheral nodular, centripedal pattern in triphasic CT |
| ˇóLiver abscess: |
ˇ÷indirect hemagglutination test for ameba: 90%
ˇ÷bil. usually not elevated in amebic!! |
| ˇóPseudomembranous Colitis: |
The antibiotic-induced change in the balance of normal gut flora allows
overgrowth of C difficile (gram-positive, spore-forming, anaerobic
bacillus). Colitis results from toxin A (enterotoxin) and toxin B
(cytotoxin)....
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| ˇóGastric ca. |
ˇ÷Early stage: mucosa, submucosa/ Progressive: muscularis, serosa ˇ÷ˇ÷all not
consider LN meta!!
ˇ÷Intestinal type: like colon ca., intestinal metaplasia, atrophic
gastritis
ˇ÷Diffuse type: cirrhotic |
| ˇóColon ca |
ˇ÷prognosis: depth of invasion(Staging: A: mucosa B: serosa C: LN D: distal
meta), META,atypia
ˇ÷Tx: 5FU + levamisoleˇ]Dukes A & D§K¤FˇIˇIˇ^
ˇ÷Stage D liver meta: surgery (no C/T)
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| ˇóMALToma: |
H.p related |
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