APPENDIX ...... Summary of Irregular Verb Forms
| Present | Past | Participle | Turkish Meaning | Example Use |
| beat | beat | beaten | (kalp)atmak, dövmek, yenmek | My heart beats fast when I see my lover. | I can not believe how she has beaten me (in love). |
| become | became | become | gelmek, olmak | You are becoming less human day by day ! |
| bend | bent | bent | bükmek, egmek | I do not think he will ever accept to bend down in front of her. |
| bet | bet | bet | iddia etmek | I would not bet on that though. You know how lazy she is, don´t you ? |
| bid | bid | bid | acik arttirmada teklifte bulunmak | She bidded (for?) $5000 at the auction. |
| bite | bit | bitten | isirmak | I got bitten by a dog in my leg. |
| bleed | bled | bled | kanamak, -dan kan almak | He all alone in his bitter isolation and sorrow, might only have a bleeding heart. |
| blow | blew | blown | esmek, üflemek | The wind blows fear into the lonely hearts. |
| break | broke | broken | kirmak, (yasa) cignemek | And broken you find your whole into parts. |
| bring | brought | brought | getirmek, neden olmak | The fears, all by the blowing wind brought, |
| build | built | built | insa etmek, gelistirmek | Build an idea, "thou from thine hold nought". |
| burst | burst | burst | patlamak, ani haraket etmek | The tears find time to burst out upon thine, |
| buy | bought | bought | satin almak | If bought you call the past how you be fine ? |
| catch | caught | caught | yakalamak | Caught the vain of thine to thyself so cruel. |
| choose | chose | chosen | secmek | Though to call mine mine might be a gruel; |
| come | came | come | gelmek | As the lost is yet to come from my prequel, |
| cost | cost | cost | mal olmak | As theirs cost much for me to use as a fuel. |
| creep | crept | crept | sessizce haraket etmek, kademeli olarak artmak | The lines of Nomad should creep, not run ! |
| cut | cut | cut | kesmek, durdurmak | Hence, lines should be cut, if missing a noun. |
| deal | dealt | dealt | ugrasmak | You had better learn about whom you deal with. |
| dig | dug | dug | kazmak | The dog has dog all the garden up. Look at that mess ! |
| dive | dove | dived | (deniz vb.) dalmak | She dove into the ocean with me watching. |
| do | did | done | yapmak | Why could I not to do this homework better ? |
| draw | drew | drawn | cizmek | You draw others pictures. Ever dare to draw yours ? |
| dream | dreamt | dreamt | rüya görmek, düslemek | I dreamt of her all night long. |
| drink | drank | drunk | icmek | Don't drink that much ! |
| drive | drove | driven | sürmek | Driving a car -sure- is easier than driving one insane. |
| eat | ate | eaten | yemek | She seems to be eating too much these days. |
| fall | fell | fallen | düsmek | I never thought this legacy would ever fall (down)=(end). |
| feed | fed | fed | beslemek | If you breed an animal you look after it too, or you just feed. |
| feel | felt | felt | hissetmek | I do not feel good today. | Ahh, it feels like home here. |
| fight | fought | fought | mücadele etmek, dövüsmek | No fighting boys ! |
| find | found | found | bulmak | Have you not found my CD yet ? |
| fit | fit | fit | uymak | I need to be ensured I will get a full refund if it doesn't fit my space. |
| fly | flew | flown | ucmak | I had already flown to Japan but I, again, fell in love with this country. |
| forget | forgot | forgotten | unutmak | Having forgotten what she promised, she annoyed me much this time. |
| forgive | forgave | forgiven | affetmek | I forgive you this last time ! Now go off. |
| freeze | froze | frozen | dondurmak | Her time freezing look cast upon my soul, went through my eyes into my heart. |
| get | got | gotten | almak, ulasmak, ....... | How did you get there ? | How much do you get from this job ? |
| give | gave | given | vermek | I have given everything to you and now you say 'no'. |
| go | went | gone | gitmek | Go home my child, if you have any. |
| grind | ground | ground | ögütmek | Grain should first be ground. |
| grow | grew | grown | büyü(t)mek, yetis(tir)mek | We grow grain here. |
| hang | hung | hung | asmak | He hung himself, eh ? Life is getting more boring these days. |
| have | had | had | sahip olmak, *yardimci fiil | She had three books with her. | I will have gone on a holiday by then. |
| hear | heard | heard | duymak | I hadn´t heard you come sorry. |
| hide | hid | hidden | gizlemek | She seems to be hiding something. |
| hit | hit | hit | vurmak | The ball hit me and caused more pain than I would ever think a ball could. |
| hold | held | held | tutmak | What do you think does the future hold for you ? |
| hurt | hurt | hurt | acitmak | Oh don´t tuch please. Can´t you see it hurts ?? |
| keep | kept | kept | tutmak, devam etmek | She has kept all my secrets so far. You can trust her I think. |
| knit | knit | knit | örmek | Don't you women know anything else than knitting all day-long ? |
| know | knew | known | bilmek | I know what she intends to do. |
| lead | led | led | yürütmek, yönlendirmek, sürmek | She preferred to lead a simple life despite her fame. |
| leave | left | left | ayrilmak, birakmak | I would never leave my country if I were you. |
| lend | lent | lent | borc vermek | Lend me a smile and borrow my happiness. |
| let | let | let | izin vermek | My parents don't let me go anywhere. |
| lie | lay | lain | uzanmak | She lay in her bed for the whole day. |
| light | lit | lit | yakmak | Come on, light a cigar instead you will like it better. |
| lose | lost | lost | kaybetmek | Do not get lost there ! You can't guess how big it is. |
| make | made | made | yapmak | She is in the kitchen, probably making a cake or something. |
| mean | meant | meant | manasina gelmek, demek istemek | I didn't mean to say that. It was all about a simple misunderstanding. |
| meet | met | met | bulusmak | I have not been met by any one at the airport. |
| put | put | put | koymak | Put those things on this shelf over there. |
| quit | quit | quit | birakmak, -dan cikmak | Are you sure you want to quit Diablo II ? |
| read | read | read | okumak | How many books from Virginia Woolf have you read ? |
| ride | rode | ridden | (hayvan/bisiklet) binmek | Have you ever ridden a motorcycle ? |
| ring | rang | rung | (zil) calmak | The phone is ringing dad. Move your ass to answer it please. |
| rise | rose | risen | yükselmek, artmak | They say wages will soon rise. The sun never rises from the East. |
| run | ran | run | kosmak, isletmek, calistirmak | To run this program, you need to have at least a pentium II. |
| say | said | said | söylemek | She said she wouldn't come and now she is here ! Weird, indeed. |
| see | saw | seen | görmek, anlamak, bakmak | Do you see the bird there? | I see... | I'll see if I can. |
| sell | sold | sold | satmak | If you ever sell me out, you will pay for it ! |
| send | sent | sent | göndermek | He sent me an email this morning. |
| set | set | set | ayarlamak, kurmak | Dad must have forgotten to set the alarm clock before going to bed. |
| shake | shook | shaken | titremek, sallamak | The coldness of her look was enough to shake all my body. |
| shine | shone | shone | parlamak, isildamak | Look at that sky, and the shining pole star ! |
| shoot | shot | shot | (silahla) vurmak | The terrorists tried to shoot the president ? What on earth is going on ! |
| shrink | shrank | shrunk | cekmek | My new t-shirt has shrunk. I can't believe this. |
| shut | shut | shut | kapa(t/n)mak | The whole system shut down due to the heavy traffic. | Shut up ! |
| sing | sang | sung | sarki söylemek | She has already sung in three biggest cities of Turkey. |
| sink | sank | sunk | batmak | Please... the ship is getting water, S.O.S... S.O.S... we are sinking. |
| sit | sat | sat | oturmak/oturtmak | Mom sat me down and told me all about the accident. |
| sleep | slept | slept | uyumak | Did you over-sleep again ? I can't believe what a sleepy had you are ! |
| slide | slid | slid | kaymak | If I had not held his hand so tight, having already slided off my hand he would probably have died |
| slit | slit | slit | dilimlemek | Could you slit the bread for me dear ? |
| speak | spoke | spoken | konusmak | Do you speak French too ? |
| spend | spent | spent | harcamak, gecirmek | How many hours a day do you spend playing computer games ? |
| spin | spun | spun | dönmek, spin atmak | Schumacher narrowly avoided spinning his car. |
| split | split | split | bölmek(paylastirmak) | The judge cannot rule Microsoft to split up into two pieces ! Oh, can he ?? |
| spread | spread | spread | yaymak, yayilmak | A new computer virus has been reported to rapidly spread in the wild. |
| stand | stood | stood | (ayakta) durmak | Don't just stand there ! Come over, and help me do the work. |
| steal | stole | stolen | calmak | Have you ever stolen anything ? |
| stick | stuck | stuck | ||
| sting | stung | stung | zehirli madde enjekte etmek, cok aci vermek, üzmek | The thing that stings me the worst is that I know I will soon have to leave this village. |
| strike | struck | struck | vurmak, carpmak, delmek, grev yapmak | The works are all talking about something to stimulate the senses of the goverment. I fear that they will strike. |
| sweep | swept | swept | süpürmek | He swept the whole area under ten minutes. |
| swim | swam | swum | yüzmek | I really fear. Do I have to swim just because that I attend a swimming course? |
| swing | swung | swung | sallanmak | Her mind swinging back and forth between consciousness and unconciousness |
| take | took | taken | almak, götürmek | I took him home. | Let´s take a bus instead. | Take her with you ! |
| teach | taught | taught | ögretmek | What I believe is a good teacher who teachs and still learns and the same time. |
| tear | tore | torn | yirtmak, aglamak | She has torn my book. |
| tell | told | told | söylemek | She always tells that she is the best in a claiming manner. |
| think | thought | thought | düsünmek | I had always thought of you as looking more Chinese by the time we first met after the chatting. |
| throw | threw | thrown | atmak | Do not throw your possesions here and there. |
| understand | understood | understood | anlamak | She doesn´t seem to have understood. |
| wake | woke | woken | uyan(dir)mak | Don't wake me up ! | I woke up at six. |
| wear | wore | worn | giyimek | She always wears dark |
| wet | wet | wet | islamak, islanmak | What else would you expect from it than to wet ? It is only 3 months old... |
| win | won | won | kazanmak | We are here to win the competition ! Not to lose... |
| wind | wound | wound | kurmak | Have you wound the clock yet ? I need to get up early tomorrow. |
| write | wrote | written | yazmak | She writes faster than I do. |
The Nomad Soul |
December 2000 |