Binary digit - bit - smallest unit of data in a computer - represented by 0s and 1s.(ZEROs and ONEs).

Byte: a unique combination of eight bits represents each character in a computer.

Computers understands only ZEROs and ONEs. Hence all the data which are manipulated through computers have to be translated into UNIQUE combinations of ZEROs and ONEs. The computer uses combinations of eight bits, called bytes.

ASCII: American Standard Code for Information Interchange is the standard representation of UNIQUE codes for all the characters, numbers, mathematical symbols, etc in computers. ASCII uses 8 bits to represent a character.

1 KB = 1 kilobyte = 1024 bytes.

1 MB = 1 megabyte = 1024 KB = 1048576 bytes.

1 GB = 1 gigabyte = 1024 MB = 1073741824 bytes.

1 TB = one terra byte = 1024 GB = 1099511627776 bytes.

Numeration systems are ways of counting and of naming numbers. They are also called numeral systems. We cannot see or touch numbers, because they are ideas. But we can use symbols to represent numbers. These symbols are called numerals. Here are three numerals that represent the number in a half dozen: 6, six, and VI.

Our decimal system has only 10 basic numerals: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. With these 10 symbols we can represent any number. This system is called a decimal system because it is based on 10. The word decimal comes from the Latin word for ten. Ten is the base or the scale of the decimal system.

As against decimal system, Binary system uses ZEROs and ONEs for representation of any character, number, sound, pictures, animation, etc.

Ex: - Character A is represented by its binary code: 01000001 Decimal equivalent is 65.

B = 66 = 01000010

C = 67 = 01000011

a = 97 = 01100001