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CONTENIDO:

The concepts of reactor design are presented in Chap. 3 from the viewpoint of the effect of reactor geometry and operating conditions on the form of mass and energy conservation equations. The assumptions associated with the extremes of plug-flow and stirred-tank behavior are emphasized. A brief introduction to deviations from these ideal forms is included in this chapter and is followed with a more detailed examination of the effects of mixing on conversion in Chap. 6. In Chaps. 4 and 5 design procedures are examined for ideal forms of homogeneous reactors, with emphasis upon multiple-reaction systems. The later chapter is concerned with nonisothermal behavior. Chapter 7 is an introduction to heterogeneous systems. The concept of a global cate of reaction is interjected so as to relate the design of heterogeneous reactors to the previously studied concepts of homogeneous reactor design. A secondary objective here is to examine, in a preliminary way, the method of combining of chemical and physical processes so as to obtain a global rate of reaction. Chap. 8 begins with a discussion of catalysis, particularly on solid surfaces, and this leads directly into adsorption and the physical properties of porous solids. The latter is treated in reasonable detail because of the importance of solid-catalyzed reactions and because of its significance with respect to intrapellet transport theory (considered in Chap. 11). With this background, the formulation,of intrinsic cate equations at a catalyst site is taken up in Chap. 9. The objective of Chaps. 10 and 11 is to combine intrinsic cate equations with intrapellet and fluid-to-pellet transport rates in order to obtain global rate equations useful for design. It is at this point that models of porous catalyst pellets and effectiveness factors are introduced. Slurry reactors offer an excellent example of the interrelation between chemical and physical processes, and such systems are used to illustrate the formulation of global rates of reaction. The book has been written from the viewpoint that the design of a chemical reactor requires, first, a laboratory study to establish the intrinsic rate of reaction, and subsequently a combination of the rate expression with a model of the commercial-scale reactor to predict performance. In Chap. 13 types of laboratory reactors are analyzed, with special attention given to how data can be reduced so as to obtain global and intrinsic rate equations. Then the modeling problem is examined. Here it is assumed that a global rate equation is available, and the objective is to use it, and a model, to predict the performance of a large-scale unit. Several reactors are considered, but major attention is devoted to the fixed-bed type.