Excuses, Explanations and Reasons

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mahoutsukaisamahatata,tandesu. "The wizard cast a spell."

The ubiquitous ndesu or nodesu pattern indicates almost anything out of the ordinary. ndesu is used when speaking, and nodesu when writing.

The pattern is used:

  • most often, colloquially, to express surprise
  • to try to explain something
  • as a question, to ask for an explanation
  • to check whether or not something is true

    The connectivity is:

  • ureshindesu "happy";
  • ureshikunandesu "unhappy";
  • yumeinandesu "famous" (na-adjective + na);
  • odorundesu "dancing" (plain form);
  • mahoutsukainandesu "wizard" (noun + na).

    Note that for past tenses or negatives it is the adjective or verb, not the following ndesu, which changes to the past tense or is negated.

    saburinasanhananiwoshitandesuka. "What is Sabrina doing?" This could be an exclamation of surprise or a genuine request for an explanation.

    saburinasanhanugundesu. "Sabrina is undressing!" This could be an exclamation of surprise or a genuine explanation.

    mahoutsukaisamahatata,tandesuka. "Did the wizard cast a spell?" This is most likely to be a request for verification of the facts.

    mahoutsukaisamahatata,tandesu. "The wizard cast a spell!" Again, this could be an exclamation of surprise or a genuine explanation.

    mahoutsukaisamahayumeinandesu. "The wizard is famous!" This could be a genuine explanation or a boast.


    The Reason Is ...

    saburinasangaodo,teirunohamahoutsukaisamanojuubakudesu. "The reason Sabrina is dancing is the wizard's spell."

    The pattern is A noha B desu, "the reason for A is B".

    Grammatically, the no in noha is the same as in ndesu above, and the connectivity is the same. This is a less colloquial construction, and no does not get truncated to n when spoken.


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