3.1         PARTICLES AND FORCES

It is considered that elementary particles exist in the Universe with laws of their interaction and behavior.

The possible interactions are like attractions and repulsions and are determined by the concept of forces. Four forces are identified in these new theories: the Electric, the Magnetic, the Gravitational and the Ultimate (introduced in Section 3.4) Forces.

All are “action at a distance” forces what cannot be denied although the question of how this really works in the Universe has no proper answer yet.

 The behavior of the particles is determined by the laws of Physics, mainly Mechanics.

The elementary particles can then be considered as "sources" of the four forces.

The concept of particle can have the following definition:

The elementary particles are geometrical figures in the Space determined by the shape and position of the origins of the fields of forces.

The Fields are the mathematical representation of the Forces. They are defined in the new theories as representing the force that could eventually act over a point with unity charge (q = 1), unity mass (m=1) and unity velocity (v=1) if it would exist in a specific position of the space. 

The charge is considered as a mathematical parameter of the particles by which the Electric and Magnetic Fields and Forces can be defined. It is related to the strength of the fields and the shape of their origin. It is not a "material" entity.

The mass is considered a peculiar mathematical parameter of the particles and in Section 3.4 is pointed out how it could be defined although this remains for further study.

The relations between charge and Electric and Magnetic Fields and Forces in the new theories are based in the definitions of Classical Physics adding the correction factor s.

The relation between mass and the Gravitational field is also based in the definition of Classical Physics by the Newton's Gravity Force.

NOTE: The fields and forces considered here are more complex than in Classical Physics and other missing factors for them should not be discarded at this time as described in Appendix C.