Here is presented a summary of the main considerations on which the new theories are constructed over.
I) Currently it is assumed that the elementary particles like the electron are “point charges” with no dimension although with a magnetic spin what is no easy to accept by the common sense. Here is proposed a structure for the electron, the photon, the neutrino, the proton and the neutron. It is proposed the existence of a couple of more elementary particles: the positrin and the negatrin. They generate the known Coulomb’s Electric Force, the Magnetic Force, the Gravity Force and the Ultimate Force that prevents them to be destroyed in collisions. As we will see all the basic atomic particles are simple combinations of positrins and negatrins.
II) Classically the Electric Field and Force are determined by the Coulomb’s law, and the Magnetic Field and Force by the laws of Lorentz, Ampere and Biot-Savart. But these laws have an empirical origin, they were found trough measurements in many experiments and there’s nothing theoretical that determines they must be that way especially at very high velocities. Here is proposed that is needed a factor of correction in the formulas of the Electric and Magnetic Fields and Forces to take into account the behavior of the fields when high velocities are present.
III) Relativity Theory was shown wrong in Section1.1 in consequence the following hypothesis are assumed valid:
a) There exists an Absolute Referential “RA” in the Universe. Things that are at rest relative to this referential have no movement. Moving objects have a not zero velocity vA relative to RA and it is their absolute velocity.
b) It is considered the Classical space and time where the space is the Euclidean one where the distance is the Euclidean distance, and the time t is an independent variable that measures the temporal interval between events. Particularly, the addition of velocities is the classical one:
w = u + v
c) The velocity of light is not the same in every referential, it follows the vector additive classical law described above:
ç2 = ç1 + u
where u is the velocity between the referentials.
Here and ever in the text we adopt ç as the symbol of light velocity.
ç is not a constant like c.
d) The Emission Theory which proposes that the velocity of light depends on the velocity of the source is then necessary valid (Michelson-Morley experiment).
The final velocity is:
ç = c + u
where c is de light constant at which the source emits photons, u is the velocity of the source and vector addition is assumed for the velocities (bold means vector).
The Emission Theory is analyzed in Chapter Eight.
e) As in Classical Physics the Electric and Magnetic Fields are assumed instantaneous at every point of the space and does not propagate at some finite velocity. It is criticized in this text, in Section 7.2, the experiments of Hertz that seems to prove the existence of electromagnetic waves and a finite velocity propagation of the Electric and Magnetic Fields and Forces. An alternative interpretation of the phenomena with photons is presented.
IV) Experimentally are known three main physical behaviors of the basic particles of nature:
a) The “wave-like” behavior of the particles where they verify the De Broglie law.
b) The quantum behavior of the energies of photons.
c) The “subatomic” particles detected experimentally in High Energy Physics.
In this text we are going to describe a new way of understanding them.