Under the Heaven (8)
天下(八)
1 Huishi liked using his universal view to enlighten others. Those people who liked to debate in his age became interested in the following subjects:
惠施喜歡用他的宇宙觀來啟發人的思想，惠施生時，如下的論點曾引起喜好辯論者廣泛的興趣。
惠施以此為大，觀於天下而曉辯者，天下之辯者相與樂之。
2 “Egg has hair”: In the egg, there must been equipped the motive force which makes chicken has hair.
“卵有毛”: 在雞蛋裡必定蘊藏了雞長羽毛的因子。
3 “Hen has three feet”: Two visible feet plus the will power that drive feet to walk.
“雞三足”: 兩隻可見的腳，加上另一隻驅動腳走動的意志。
4 “Event that happens in Ying could happen elsewhere”: So, you know all events and developments under the sun by watching those in Ying.
“郢有天下”: 在郢發生的事，在天下各地都可能發生，因此觀察郢就可以瞭解天下事，以及天下的發展。
5 “Dog may be goat”: As long as in the first place we name goat by dog. Thus dog is the animal that jumps and runs in hilly place as easily as in plain, baaing and evacuating black grainy shit.
“犬可以為羊”: 只要當初我們命名時，稱呼“狗”代表那嗯! 嗯! 叫，拉下一顆顆黑色大便，在山區跳躍行走有如平地的動物。
卵有毛，雞三足。郢有天下，犬可以為羊。
6 “Horse may lay eggs”: As long as at the very beginning we call hen, duck or bird by the name of horse.
“馬有卵”: 只要我們當初叫現在的雞、鴨、鳥禽為 “馬” 就有可能。
7 “Frog has tail”: Tadpole has tail, and frog is molted from tadpole, so we can say frog has tail.
“丁子有尾” : 丁子，蛙的一種，蛙是由蝌蚪蛻變而來，而蝌蚪有尾，所以也可以說，丁子有尾。
8 “Fire not hot”: The hot of a fire is the feeling of people who has closed to the fire. It is not the quality of fire itself.
“火不熱”:火本身並無熱的感覺，火的熱，是人接觸火後，人自己給加上去的。
9 “Hill has mouth”: Mouth is where people breathe and making a sound. The hill wind with sound is happen always, so we may say “Hill has mouth”.
“山出口”: 發聲吐氣者為口，而山風呼哮，所以說山出口。
10 “Wheel not rolling on the ground”: Wheel is a circle and what has attached the ground is a small point of the circle, and this point can’t represent the whole wheel.
“輪不蹍地”: 車輪成圓圈狀，而接觸到地面的，只是輪圈的一個點，而此點不能說它就是車輪。
11 “Eye can’t see”: Without consciousness, eye can’t see anything.
“目不見”: 沒有意識的主導，眼睛是看不見什麼東西的。
12 What a man sees is the surface of a thing, he can’t never see its real contain or property.
“指不至，至不絕”: 人觀察只能看到物件的外表，而不能看到它的內涵以及根本的屬性。
“馬有卵”: 丁子有尾。火不熱。山出口。輪不蹍地。目不見。指不至，至不絕。
13 In compare with something it’s long or short is relative not absolute compare. The big turtle is longer than the small or the infant snake.
“龜長於蛇”:長短是相對的而非絕對的，大鳥龜就可能比小蛇或初生的蛇長些的。
14 Square and circle are relative not absolute. Watching carefully, a small part of the line of a square is not square and a circle is not circle. For this reason, the carpenter using a ruler to draw a square, he can’t say it is absolutely square, also the circle carpenter using compass to draw, he can’t say it is absolutely circle.
“矩不方，規不可以為圓”: 方與圓也是相對的而非絕對的。仔細觀察方與圓的軌跡，在某一小段上，它就不是方的或圓的。為此，木匠用尺畫的方，我們不能肯定的說它就是絕對的方，同理，也不能說他用繩畫出的圓，就是絕對的圓。
15 He chisels a hole on wood but the hole does not fit the chisel tightly.
“鑿不圍枘”: 用鑿子在木頭上敲一個洞，這洞口與鑿頭一定不密合。
16 When bird flies, its shadow is moveless.
“飛鳥之景未嘗動也”: 飛鳥的影子是不移動的。
17 At a certain moment, flying arrow is neither moving nor still.
“鏃矢之疾，而有不行不止之時”: 在時間的某一個點上，飛馳的箭頭是不前進也不停止的。
18 The infant dog is not a mature dog.
“狗非犬”: 小狗不是大狗。
19 A yellow horse, a brown ox and the concept of animal like horse and ox there are three animals, instead of two.
“黃馬驪牛三”: 黃馬加褐牛再加馬牛這類畜生的概念總數是三而非二。
20 A white dog, if watch his black eyes only, it is possible be called a black dog.
“白狗黑”: 一隻白色的狗，如果只看牠的黑眼睛，牠就有被人叫著黑狗的可能。
21 The first horse ever emerged in this world; its mother must be not a horse. So, we say this pony had no mother like horse.
“孤駒未嘗有母”: 第一隻在地球上出現的馬，牠的母親必定不是馬。所以也可以說，牠沒有屬馬的母親。
22 Cut a wood of one-inch length into half every day, and you will never complete cutting in ten thousand years.
“一尺之捶，日取其半，萬世不竭”: 將一尺長的木頭每天切一半，一萬年你也切不完。
龜長於蛇。矩不方，規不可以為圓。鑿不圍枘。飛鳥之景未嘗動也。鏃矢之疾，而有不行不止之時。狗非犬。黃馬驪牛三。白狗黑。孤駒未嘗有母。一尺之捶，日取其半，萬世不竭。
23 The above said issues were just a part of Huishi’s arguments.
上述諸點還只是惠施的部份論點而已。
24 People of this school spared all his life to dispute with Huishi about the said issues. Its representatives were Hengtuan and Gongsun Long. They confused people by these freak theories and tried to change people’s mind. They won in the disputes by sophism but nobody was convinced, because what they did are wordplays and the purpose is to show off their intelligence by his wit.
這一個學派的人，終其一生就與惠施在辯論、分析上述稀奇古怪的問題。桓團、公孫龍兩位是這些人的代表。他們以這些怪理論來擾動人心，並試圖改變人的思想。桓團等他們以詭辯贏得議論，但是卻難以令人信服，因為他們只是在玩弄文字遊戲，以其才智與人爭辯，炫耀自己的聰明智慧而已。
辯者以此與惠施相應，終身無窮。桓團、公孫龍辯者之徒，飾人之心，易人之意，能勝人之口，不能服人之心，辯者之囿也。
25 Huishi always was eager for win, he was proud of his eloquence, thinking him the greatest man of wisdom. But he knew little about Tao.
惠施的好勝心極強，他以其雄辯的才能為傲，認為自己是天下最偉大的智者。可是他對道卻知之甚少。
惠施日以其知與之辯，特與天下之辯者為怪，此其柢也。然惠施之口談，自以為最賢，曰：「天地其壯乎，施存雄而無術。」
26 A man called Huang Liao from south asked Huishi, “Why does heaven not cave in? Why does earth not subside? What is the cause of rain, wind, thunder and lightening?” Huishi bolted out the answers by his way of eloquence. He would endlessly spout of each event in universe. What’s more, what he said became more and more freak.
南方有個人名叫黃僚，他請問惠施：「天為什麼不崩下來？地為什麼不陷下去？」又問他：「風雨雷電的成因？」惠施都能毫不思索地用他那套辯論法講出原因。他會淘淘不絕地說明宇宙間的每一件事，好像永遠講不完似得，而且愈講愈玄。
南方有倚人焉曰黃繚，問天地所以不墜不陷，風雨雷霆之故。惠施不辭而應，不慮而對，遍為萬物說。
27 He always refuted something that others thought true by his freak theories. Hence, few people trusted Huishi.
惠施老是用些歪理來駁斥別人認為是真理的東西。因此，真正相信他的人並不多。
說而不休，多而無已，猶以為寡，益之以怪，以反人為實，而欲以勝人為名，是以與眾不適也。
28 Huishi went astray because he disregarded the essential part of all things--soul-- and instead focused on the part of material. On the level of universe, his knowledge and wit are no more than hum of mosquito and gadfly. His knowledge is useless in research of universe.
忽視萬物靈的部份，專注在其物質部份的研究，讓惠施迷失在歧途之中。站在宇宙的高點看惠施的學問、才智，都不過是蚊蟲及牛蠅的嗡嗡聲，都是微不足道的。他的學問對研究萬物是沒有什麼真正的價值的。
弱於德，強於物，其涂噢矣。由天地之道觀惠施之能，其猶一蚊一虻之勞者也。其於物也何庸！
29 It is enough to know that all things are one and from the same source. We should spend more time on studying Tao and soul, which is the way to concentrate the main points.
只要知道萬物一體，都是來自同一源頭也就夠了，應該花更多的時間去研究道，研究靈才是提網攜領的作法。
30 Huishi splurged too much energy on assorted items. At last, he just enjoyed the reputation of man of debate. It was rather pitiful. Huishi wasted his talent, acquainting nothing in his life. He indulged himself in material world so that he lost the way back home as if a man chased echo by shouting or a man ran round his shadow. It was very pitiful that he had achieved nothing at last.
惠施不知節制，花太多的精力在各式各樣的物品上，最後只落得個辯士之名，實在可惜。惠施浪費了他的才能，最終是一無所得。他沉迷在物質世界之中忘記了返家的歸路，像是一個人用喝聲去追尋迴響，也像一個人繞著圈子，追逐其影子一樣，終無所得，真是遺憾。
夫充一尚可，曰愈貴道，幾矣！惠施不能以此自寧，散於萬物而不厭，卒以善辯為名。惜乎！惠施之才，駘蕩而不得，逐萬物而不反，是窮響以聲，形與影競走也，悲夫！
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莊子演義中英對照版全部結束(2007年三月三日）(2007年七月六日) (2008年 十一月二十日)