Under the Heaven (1)
天下(一)
1 Various schools of all ages are numerous, each of which think itself is the best. Some of them still have somewhat influence on all levels. Nevertheless, most of them are gone.
古往今來，各式各樣的學派多如牛毛，每家都認為自己是佼佼者。這些學派，他們的影響力迄今或多或少仍然散佈在各個層面。然而，這些學派本身大部分都已消聲匿跡，不復存在了。
天下之治方術者多矣，皆以其有為不可加矣。古之所謂道術者，果惡乎在？曰：「無乎不在。」
2 Human civilizations should have public-accepted narration on some important issues. For example:
我們人類文明，對一些重要問題，都應該有一個行之天下而皆準的說法，諸如:
3 Where is god from?
神是哪裡來的？
4 Where does consciousness arise from?
意識是從何處升起的？
5 How does sage attain their wisdom, especially the no-learning skill?
聖人的智慧，尤其是那些無學之術是怎麼出來的？
6 Who entitle the power to ruler?
統治者的權力是誰授與的？
曰︰「神何由降？明何由出？」「聖有所生，王有所成，皆原於一。」
7 He, who conforms to Tao, is god, Buddha or the Holy One.
凡事不背離道者，祂是神、是佛、是上帝。
不離於宗，謂之天人；
8 He, who complies with virtue, is god-man.
凡事不背離德者，祂是神人。
不離於精，謂之神人；
9 He, who acts on the truth of factor, is perfect man.
凡事不背離事實真相者，他是完人。
不離於真，謂之至人。
10 He, who acts on the principle of heaven and deals with everything changing under the guideline of virtue, is sage.
一個人按天理做事，以道德的方針來應付千變萬化的世事。這人我們稱之謂聖人。
以天為宗，以德為本，以道為門，兆於變化，謂之聖人。
11 He, who holds kindness, acts on the principle of righteousness, treat others by courtesy and walks in beneficence, gentleness and clemency, is the man of noble character.
一個人心懷仁愛以義為原則，待人以禮，處世和藹、溫順、仁慈。我們說他是君子。
以仁為恩，以義為理，以禮為行，以樂為和，薰然慈仁，謂之君子。
12 He, who acts on the following four principles, is regarded a good official.
依下述四項原則辦事，我們說他是一位好官。
(1) To take law and regulation as standard.
以法規為準繩。
(2) To employ people according to their talents without discrimination.
百姓各盡其才，不分高下。
(3) To judge everything by evidence. Namely, learn about factors before decision.
凡事講求證據，決事前必先瞭解實情。
(4) To meet people’s basic requirement: employment, good living condition, saving money and aiding people who have no support of life.
尊重百姓的基本需求。它們包括，謀生創業、追求衣食溫飽、蓄存財富、鰥寡孤獨者皆有所養等。
以法為分，以名為表，以參為驗，以稽為決，其數一二三四是也，百官以此相齒，以事為常，以衣食為主，蕃息畜藏，老弱孤寡為意，皆有以養，民之理也。
13 Ancient people knew clearly about the life: they worshiped god and Buddha; they sacrificed heaven and earth for them breeding all creatures and offering peaceful and nice life. There was a defined law to be abided by, according to which all things, petty or great, are done. Ancient books legibly read the ancient rite, etiquette and system. Scholars from Zhou and Lu were well acquainted with the relative poem, history, etiquette and music, which were also the topics studied by many other schools.
古人對禮神佛，敬酬天地，培育萬物，給百姓安祥平和的生活等都有清楚的認識，明確的法則，可以遵循。所有的事情不論大小、輕重都不違背。有關這些古禮舊制，古書仍然有清楚的記載。鄒魯地方的學者以及許多知識分子對這些相關的詩、史、禮、樂等都瞭如指掌，也是諸子百家研究討論的主題。
古之人其備乎！配神明，醇天地，育萬物，和天下，澤及百姓，明於本數，係於末度，六通四辟，小大精粗，其運無乎不在。其明而在數度者，舊法、世傳之史尚多有之；
14 Book of Poem is used to exchange people’s wills and wishes. Book of History is the record of factors. Book of Etiquette is the code of conduct. Book of Music is used to express soul’s harmony. Book of Changes is on mystery and the exchange of Yin and Yang. The book of Spring and Autumn is on study of social situation and duty.
詩是用來溝通人們的心意及希望，史是記載事實，禮是行為的規範，音樂是表達心靈的和諧，易經討論陰陽，春秋研究社會狀態及社會責任。
其在於《詩》、《書》、《禮》、《樂》者，鄒魯之士、搢紳先生多能明之。《詩》以道志，《書》以道事，《禮》以道行，《樂》以道和，《易》以道陰陽，《春秋》以道名分。其數散於天下而設於中國者，百家之學時或稱而道之。
15 Nowadays our society becomes more complicated. There is no clear-cut standard to tell from god, Buddha, perfect man, sage and man of noble character. Moral definition starts to be vague. Many scholars occasionally get some ideas that are seized tightly as if they got treasure, each of them is good at one technique and disregard other knowledge; there is no harmony and exchange among them, which is very pitiful.
今天的社會就複雜多了。神、佛、完人、聖人、君子等已經沒有明顯的分野。道德的定義也開始混沌不清。許多學者偶有一點心得，就如獲至寶緊抓不放，不再注意其他方面的知識。學者們每人專精一項技術，可是彼此之間不能和諧共處、相互溝通，十分可惜。
天下大亂，賢聖不明，道德不一。天下多得一察焉以自好。譬如耳目鼻口，皆有所明，不能相通。猶百家眾技也，皆有所長，時有所用。雖然，不該不遍，一曲之士也。
16 Intellectuals bend to analyze the wonderfulness of heaven and earth, the secret of creator and the intact thought system of ancient people. However, their efforts can’t make them really understand the wonderfulness of heaven and earth and god’s accurateness, because Tao hides in darkness and it can’t be described completely with their limit knowledge.
知識份子，他們專注在分析天地之美、造物者的祕密以及古人完整的思想體系。然而，這些努力是沒有辦法真正瞭解體會天地之美以及神明之精的。因為道是隱藏在灰暗之中，用他們有限的知識是無法完整無遺地描述的。
判天地之美，析萬物之理，察古人之全，寡能備於天地之美，稱神明之容。是故內聖外王之道，闇而不明，鬱而不發，天下之人各為其所欲焉以自為方。
17 Each person wants to establish his own thought system. It is no wonder that the intellectuals’ theories go further from Tao. Unfortunately, later scholars are misguided; they neglect the simple and lucid philosophy of ancient sages. When various schools are established, the kingdom of thought starts to break down.
每個人都想建立他自己的思想體系，難怪這些知識份子的理論會離道愈來愈遠了。他們是永遠也找不到宇宙真理的。不幸地是，後學者因為這些人的誤導，忽略了那些古聖先賢簡單易懂的哲理。各家學派各自獨立，思想界就開始分崩離析了。
悲夫！百家往而不反，必不合矣！後世之學者，不幸不見天地之純，古人之大體。道術將為天下裂。
