Extensive Interpretation of Chuang Tzu Part 1
莊子演義 內篇
HAPPY AND FREE EXCURSION (1)
逍遙遊（一）
1 There is a kind of fish called “Kun”, living in the northern sea.
在北方的深海裡有一種魚，名字叫鯤。
2Kun is several thousands li in length. You may imagine how broad the northern sea is because such big a fish could live and swim freely in it.
這種魚長有幾千里，這麼大的魚卻能在北海中遨遊，生活，北海有多大便可想而知了。
北冥有魚，其名為鯤。鯤之大，不知其幾千里也。
3When Kun grows to a certain degree, it transforms into bird, just like the worm change into butterfly at the end of its life. When it becomes a bird, it is called “Peng”.
鯤長到一定大小時，牠會如毛蟲變成蝴蝶般，蛻變成飛鳥。當鯤變成飛鳥，我們就叫牠鵬。
化而為鳥，其名為鵬。
4So big is Peng’s back, it is several thousands li in length! While flying, it stretches its wings to the edge of the heaven, just like a huge cloud obscuring the sky.
鵬的背好大好大，總共有幾千里長吧！牠振翅高飛時，雙翼直垂天際，就如同烏雲，將蒼天都遮住了。
5 Peng usually lives in the northern sea. Only in June when storm rises, it migrates to the southern sea as the migrant birds do.
牠平時就在北海活動，只當六月海上起了風暴時，牠才會如候鳥般，遷移到南海。
6 The southern sea is a very different realm, which is called “Celestial Lake”.
南海是另一片完全不同的領域，我們稱此地為天池。
鵬之背，不知其幾千里也；怒而飛，其翼若垂天之雲。是鳥也，海運則將徙於南冥。南冥者，天池也。
7 According to the book named Qixie, in Peng’s flight to Celestial Lake, its wings smite water beyond the field of three thousand li. With a swiftly flutter, it raise itself to a high sky of 90,000 li.
根據齊諧這本書的記載，鵬六月遷移到天池去時，其翅膀擊水的範圍超過三千里; 牠振翅一飛能直上九萬里的高空。
齊諧者，志怪者也。諧之言曰：「鵬之徙於南冥也，水擊三千里，摶扶搖而上者九萬里，去以六月息者也。」
8 Flying so aloft, Peng looks the wild horses on the ground like tiny dust. The galloping horses like tiny bugs floating in the wind.
鵬在這麼高的地方看地上的野馬，有如塵埃般細小。奔馳起來也不過像是小蟲子在風中漂浮。
野馬也，塵埃也，生物之以息相吹也。
9 The sky is blue as we look up on the ground; however, as we look in the sky, the sky is actually not blue, on the contrary, the ground is tinted with dark blue and is charmingly beautiful.
我們在地上看，天是藍色的。可是在天上就不是那麼回事了; 完全看不到藍色; 反而是地上顯得一片蒼藍，美麗動人。
天之蒼蒼，其正色邪？其遠而無所至極邪？其視下也，亦若是則已矣。
10 The sky is unreachable high when we look up on it on the ground. When sometime you fly as high as Peng, you will find the ground is also unreachable far.
我們在地上看天空覺得天高不可及，等到有一天你飛到鵬鳥的高度，你會發現地球也一樣是那麼遙不可及。
11 It is asked why Peng has to fly onto the sky in height of 90,000 li.
有人問，為什麼鵬一定要到九萬里的高空去飛翔呢？
12 The reason is that the higher it flies, the thicker air is, and the stronger wind is, so the big bird can be lifted to fly.
原來飛得高，空氣才夠多; 空氣夠厚、風夠強，如此大的鳥才飛得動。
13 For example, insufficient and shallow water can not float a big ship. A cup of water upset into a dent place on the ground only can float a small piece of grass or a leaf. If we put the cup on the water, the bottom of it will immediately reach on the ground, because the water is too shallow to float it.
以水來舉例子，如果水不夠多、不夠厚，它就無法使大船浮起；我們將一杯水倒在地上凹下去的地方，那攤水只能讓一根小草、一片樹葉浮起; 如果我們將茶杯放上去，杯底很快就接觸到地面。這攤水撐不起茶杯是因為太淺的緣故。
且夫水之積也不厚，則其負大舟也無力。覆杯水於坳堂之上，則芥為之舟；置杯焉則膠，水淺而舟大也。風之積也不厚，則其負大翼也無力。故九萬里，則風斯在下矣，而後乃今掊風；背負青天而莫之夭閼者，而後乃今將圖南。
14A cicada and a young dove laugh at Peng when they see it flying fiercely and hard,
蟬及學鳩聽見鵬那麼大費周章地飛翔，笑著說：
15 “It is very easy and simple for me to fly. I fly as I want, and don’t need the lift of strong winds that only rise in June. Flying is hands-down to me. I fly from elm tree to sandalwood tree and fall to the ground when tired. Why do I fly so high? Why do I toil to fly to so remote southern sea.”
「飛行對我而言是再簡單不過的事，我想飛就飛，不一定要等六月，也不需要什麼暴風來助飛，飛對我而言輕而易舉。我一會到榆樹、一會到枋樹，有時懶得飛就待在地上。為什麼要飛得那麼高？為什麼要費那麼大的功夫飛到那麼遙遠的南海去呢？」
蜩與學鳩笑之曰：「我決起而飛，槍榆枋而止，時則不至而控於地而已矣，奚以這九萬里而南為？」
16 To excurse to suburban place, we just prepare and carry three meals for breakfast, lunch and dinner. Excursion of return within one day needs no meal for overnight.
如果我們只到城外郊區去遊玩，那我們只要準備早、中、晚三餐就夠了。 當日往返是不必準備宿糧的;
17 To travel a hundred li, we however, should prepare provisions for three months before hitting the road.
可是要到百里以外的地方旅行，我們就得準備至少三個月的盤纏才能上路。
適莽蒼者，三餐而反，腹猶果然；適百里者，宿舂糧；適千里者，三月聚糧。之二蟲又何知！
18 Living in small field, the cicada and young dove can not understand Peng’s ambition.
蟬及學鳩，牠們的活動範圍都在咫尺之間，自然不能體會大鵬鳥的需求啊！
19Knowledge is like this. It is impossible to discuss about calculus with those who only know arithmetic.
在知的層面裡也是這樣，只懂算術的人無法和他們談微積分；
20 It is impossible to discuss about backhand of tennis with those who never play tennis, because every contact point causes its unique result.
沒有打過網球的人，沒有辦法和他們談反手拍應該注意，因為擊球點不同而有不同之效果的道理；
小知不及大知，小年不及大年。
21 Cicada life only is a summer and an autumn. It is impossible to talk with Cicada about winter scene in which snow covers field and cold wind pierces.
壽命只限於夏秋的蟬，很難與牠述說白雪覆蓋大地、寒風刺骨的冬季景象；
22 Straw mushrooms that grow on grassland are picked away at the moment of its germination. So they don’t know hotness in the afternoon and breezing coolness in the dusk.
草菇長在草地上，剛長出來，一大早就被採走; 它們是不會懂得午後炎熱、傍晚微風涼爽的自然現象。
奚以知其然也？朝菌不知晦朔，蟪蛄不知春秋，此小年也。
23 A kind of turtle that lives in the south of Chu (Country) has a long life. Its spring is 500 years and one year in its life equals to 2000 years of human.
楚國南方有一種龜，壽命極長; 五百年只能算是牠的春季，牠的一年相當於人類的二千年。
24 You can’t say it is rare. In the long ancient time, there was a kind of animal called Dachun. Its spring is 8000 years so one its year is 32,000 years of human.
這還不稀奇。上古時候有一種叫大樁的動物，以八千歲為一春季。 所以牠的一年相當於人類三萬兩千年。
25 It is usually said that it is great of Pengzu to live for 800 years; however, compare to long life, he is quite eclipes by Dachun.
我們一般人說彭祖活八百歲很了不起。可是比起大樁就是小巫見大巫，完全沒得比了。
26 In history a story similar to the said story of the Kun and Peng was mentioned in the talk between Emperor Tang and his courtier Ji. Therefore the ancient people did believe that the creature, Kun and Peng, ever live in our world.
我們前面說的有關鯤及鵬的故事，歷史中記載湯與其臣子棘之間也有大同小異的說法。可見古時大家真的相信此等生物曾經出現在這世上。
楚之南有冥靈者，以五百歲為春，五百歲為秋；上古有大椿者，以八千歲為春，八千歲為秋。此大年也。而彭祖乃今以久特聞，眾人匹之，不亦悲乎！
27 The evidences discovered by archaeologist show that dinosaur is jumbo. But if you describe the jumbo creature to those who don’t know the existence of dinosaur, you will be called kook.
事實證明，考古學家發現的恐龍就是巨大無比的生物。對不知恐龍曾經存在的人們，與他們講述這些龐然大物，他們大概會罵你神經病。
28 So the opinions of those who are a petty official or a governor of small town, or even an emperor, are also confined in the small realm of their living locations. Their simple heads cannot understand everything in the immense universe.
所以做一個芝麻小官的人，做一鄉之長的人，就算是一國之君，他們所能瞭解的，也都侷限在他們自己生活範圍中那麼一小點東西。浩瀚宇宙中的事事物物都不是他們那個小腦袋瓜可以理解的。
斥鴳笑之曰：「彼且奚適也？我騰躍而上，不過數仞而下，翱翔蓬蒿之間，此亦飛之至也，而彼且奚適也？」此小大之辯也。故夫知效一官，行比一鄉，德合一君，而徵一國者，其自視也亦若此矣。
29 Rongzi of Song knew well the phenomenon. He laughed off others’ talk, he deemed they were like a frog in the well and was not bothered to argue with them.
宋榮子瞭解這種現象。當他聽到人們井底之蛙似的言論時，大都一笑置之，不與他們一般見識。
30 He would not be very delighted by the praise from others; he would not be annoyed by the blame from others. He distinguished clearly the subjective conditions from the objective conditions.
國人對他稱譽讚美，他不會特別高興；國人對他惡意批評，他也不會生氣。他將主觀條件及客觀條件劃分得清清楚楚。
而宋榮子猶然笑之。且舉世而譽之而不加勸，舉世而非之而不加沮，定乎內外之分，辯乎榮辱之竟，斯已矣。彼其於世，未數數然也。雖然，猶有未樹也。
31 The subjective conditions are to practice Yoga and to meditate in the way of Zen so as to improve himself, his Buddha-nature, breath, calmness and refinement. As to the objective conditions, he is to plug up ears and to close eyes so as to reduce the touch of the outer world. Thus the praise and the blame can not disturb his sound, peaceful and tranquil mind.
主觀條件上他勤練瑜伽、禪思默想，提昇自性、佛性、氣、挫火、妙用等；客觀條件上，他塞住自己的耳，閉起自己的眼，盡量減少與客觀條件的接觸，使榮辱都不能干擾他沉穩，安寧，祥和的心境。
32 Precious and rare are the men like him to find out, but they still need more practice and improvement in order to reach the status of perfection.
像這樣的人在世上已經是鳳毛麟角，非常難得矣！可是他們離修行完備還有一段距離。
33Lie Zi was much more advanced than Rongzi of Song. Lie Zi did practice and improve himself well enough so he could walk and drift by the wind. He could sojourn in the air for fifteen days and then go home safely. Those who have feat like this have been rare throughout the ages but it is still by the wind for him to fly.
列子是比宋榮子要高明多了，列子已經修煉到御風而行，隨風飄遊。他可以在空中待上十五天，然後安然返家。有列子這番功力者，古往今來是少之又少了，可是他還得靠風才能飛行。
夫列子御風而行，泠然善也，旬有五日而反。彼於致福者，未數數然也。此雖免乎行，猶有所待者也。
34 Those who have genuinely practiced to perfection can employ eternal energy of nature to control the change of Ying and Yang, wind and rain, and day and night. They can roam around the heaven and earth, being free from the time and space and yet needing nothing to assist.
真正修行完備者，他們乘天地之正氣，駕馭陰陽、風雨、晦明等氣候的變化，任意遨遊於天地之間，完全不受時空的限制，更不需任何物質的協助。
35 They are no-self and being flexibility. They devote themselves to Nirvana, not seeking for the honor and glory in the world, not establishing their undertakings, which are the role models that we as nazarite make efforts to reach.
他們是無相、無住; 不求世榮、不做事業，專注涅盤之志的人。也是我們修行者努力的目標。
若夫乘天地之正，而御六氣之辯，以遊無窮者，彼且惡乎待哉！故曰：至人無己，神人無功，聖人無名。
36 As for not seeking for the honor and glory and not establishing undertakings, I would like to tell you a story.
有關不求世榮、不做事業這件事，我要說一個故事給你們聽。
37 Emperor Yao had long respected and admired Xu You. He deemed that Xu You’s intelligence was much better than that of the common people and Xu You’s governance of country would bring well-being to the people of the country.
堯一直很敬愛、佩服許由，認為許由的智慧是高人一等的，如果天下讓許由來領導必定是百姓之福。
38 One day, Yao paid a visit to Xu You and intended to abdicate his throne to him.
有一天堯去拜訪許由，想要將王位讓給他。
39 Yao said, “Now that dawn is here, it is unnecessary to let camp fire burn; now that it rains,irrigation should be ceased. Sir, your thoughts and doctrines have prevailed and have had a profound influence on the people of our country, so what more can I do on the throne? Rather, it is you who should sit on the throne!”
堯說：「天已大亮，營火就沒有必要再燒；天已下雨，灌溉就應停止。許先生，你的思想學說已經響遍大地，對百姓造成深遠的影響，那我還佔著這個位置做什麼？許先生，就請你來做君王吧！」
堯讓天下於許由，曰：「日月出矣而爝火不息，其於光也，不亦難乎！時雨降矣而猶浸灌，其於澤也，不亦勞乎！夫子立而天下治，而我猶尸之，吾自視缺然。請致天下。」
40 Sitting still, Xu You said, without moving.
許由坐在那兒動也沒動，他面無表情地說：
41“Your governance gave our country and people stability, peace and prosperity. Now you ask that I succeed you, and yet, the path I would follow as emperor would be the one you forged. Why would me to do that? ”
「國家在你這幾年的領導下已是國泰民安，一片榮景。 如今你要我來接你的位子，顯然我只有蕭規曹隨，按照你的舊規去做就行了; 那我為什麼要接呢？
42“If not for the new policies, what would motivate my ascension to the throne? If simply because of the position, then what do you treat me for? Your puppet? A substitute? Solely because for the sake of honor and a good salary, should I accept your request?
不是為了實踐什麼好的政策，那麼我只是為了名才就任王位了？我只為了王位這個名稱而就職？你把我當成什麼人看待啊？你的傀儡嗎？你的替身嗎？就為了好的名聲、好的薪俸，我就應該答應你的請求？
許由曰：「子治天下，天下既已治也。而我猶代子，吾將為名乎？名者，實之賓也，吾將為賓乎？
43 To tell the truth, a wren needs only a twig to build its nest in the forest; how much water does a mole can drink? A full belly of water at most, isn’t it?
老實說，鷦鷯在森林中築巢，牠只需要一根小樹枝就夠了；偃鼠喝水，最多就是一肚子，牠又能喝多少？
44 My life is very simple. Great wealth is of little use to me. As for my reputation, I have long had it, or you don’t come and ask me.
我的生活極其簡樸，優厚的薪俸對我而言是多餘的。至於名聲我早就有了，否則你也不會來找我。
45 Be gone, Your Majesty! Your throne is nothing to me. Cookers strike and don’t cook while the priests will not cook instead.”
回去吧！我最敬愛的君王，你的王位對我是不具任何吸引力的。廚房裡的廚子罷工，不肯燒飯煮菜時，做祭司的也不會親自下廚取而代之。」
鷦鷯巢於深林，不過一枝；偃鼠飲河，不過滿腹。歸休乎君，予無所用天下為！庖人雖不治庖，尸祝不越樽俎而代之矣。」