Unit and Conversions Factors
| To Convert From | To | Multiply By |
|
ACCELERATION | ||
| feet per second per second | centimeters per second per second meters per second per second |
30.480 0.30480 |
| free fall (standard) | meters per second per second | 9.8067 |
| kilometers per hour per second | centimeters per second per second feet per second per second meters per second squared |
27.778 0.9113 0.27778 |
|
ANGULAR | ||
| circumferences | radians | 6.283 |
| degrees | grade radians |
1.111 0.017453 |
| degrees per second | radians per second revolutions per minute revolutions per second |
0.017453 0.16667 0.0027778 |
| minutes | radians | 0.002909 |
| radians | degrees (angular) | 57.296 |
| radians per second | degrees per second (angular) revolutions per minute |
57.296 9.549 |
| revolutions per minute | degrees per second radians per second |
6 0.01472 |
| AREA | ||
| acres | square feet square meters hectares |
43560 4046.9 0.40469 |
| circular mils | square inches | 0.000007854 |
| hectares | acres square feet square meters |
2.4710 107639 10000 |
| square centimeters | square inches | 0.1550 |
| square feet | acres square meters |
0.000022956 0.092903 |
| square inches | square centimeters | 6.4516 |
| square kilometers | acres square miles |
247.10 0.38610 |
| square meters | acres square feet |
0.00024710 10.764 |
| square miles | acres square kilometers |
640 2.590 |
| square yards | acres square meters |
0.00020661 0.83613 |
|
CANDLEPOWER | ||
| foot candles | lumens per square meter | 10.764 |
| CAPACITY, DISPLACEMENT | ||
| cubic inches per revolution | liters per revolution milliliters per revolution |
0.01639 16.39 |
|
DENSITY, MASS/VOLUME | ||
| grams per cubic centimeter | kilograms per cubic meter pounds per cubic inch pounds per cubic foot |
0.001 0.03613 62.427 |
| pounds-mass per cubic foot | kilograms per cubic meter | 16.018 |
| pounds per cubic foot | grams per cubic centimeter kilograms per cubic meter pounds per cubic inch |
0.016018 16.018 0.0005787 |
| pounds per cubic inch | grams per cubic centimeter kilograms per cubic meter newtons per meter |
27.68 27.680 1728 |
| ENERGY AND WORK | ||
| British thermal units | joules | 1055 |
| British thermal units per second | watts | 1.055 |
| British thermal units per minute | horsepower watts |
0.02358 17.58 |
| British thermal units per hour | watts | 0.2931 |
| calories | British thermal
units foot-pounds joules kilogram-meters watt-hours |
0.0039683 3.088 4.1868 0.4265 0.001163 |
| ergs | joules | 0.0000001 |
| foot-pounds-force | British thermal units calories horsepower hours joules kilocalories kilogram-force meters kilowatt hours |
0.001285 0.3238 0.0000005050 1.3558 0.0003238 0.13825 0.0000003766 |
| horsepower | British thermal units per minute foot-pounds-force per minute foot-pounds-force per second kilocalories per minute kilowatts horsepower (metric) watts |
42.43 33000 550 10.69 0.7457 1.0139 745.7 |
| horsepower-boiler | British thermal units per horse kilowatts pounds of water evaporated per hour at 212°F |
33479 9.8095 34.5 |
| horsepower hours | British thermal
units foot-pounds-force joules kilocalories kilogram-force meters kilowatt hours |
2.545 1980000 2684500 641.5 273200 0.7457 |
| joules | British thermal
units calories foot-pounds-force watt-hours |
0.0009484 0.2390 0.73756 0.00027778 |
| kilowatts | British thermal units per minute foot-pounds-force per minute foot-pounds-force per second horsepower kilocalories per minute |
56.92 44254 737.6 1.3410 14.34 |
| kilowatt hours | British thermal units foot-pounds-force horsepower hours joules kilocalories kilograms-force meters |
3413 2655000 1.3410 3.600000 860 367100 |
| pounds-force | kilograms-force newtons |
0.45359 4.4482 |
| tons of refrigeration | British thermal units per hour British thermal units per 24 hours |
12000 288000 |
| watts | British thermal units per minute foot-pounds-force per second foot-pounds-force per minute horsepower joules per second kilocalories per minute |
0.05691 0.73756 44.254 0.0013410 1.0 0.014340 |
| watt-hours | British thermal units foot-pounds-force horsepower hours joules kilocalories kilograms-force-meters |
3.413 2665 0.0013410 3600 0.8604 367.10 |
| There are several
definitions of the Btu, and the values of applicable and/or equivalent
factors may vary slightly depending on the definition used. For this reason, three or four significant figures are given on this page, and in most cases provide a value near to most definitions of the Btu. However, as always in making calculations of high accuracy, one should reference the appropriate lists and handbooks of standards. | ||
|
ENERGY/AREA TIME | ||
| Btu/cubic feet second | watts per square meter | 11348 |
| Btu/cubic feet hour | watts per square meter | 3.1525 |
| FLOW RATE MASS | ||
| pounds per minute | kilograms per minute | 0.4536 |
|
FLOW RATE VOLUME | ||
| cubic feet per minute | cubic centimeters per second cubic meters per second cubic meters per hour liters per second gallons (US) per second pounds of water per minute (at 68°F) |
471.9 0.0004719 1.699 0.4719 0.2247 62.32 |
| cubic feet per second | cubic meters per second cubic meters per minute cubic meters per hour gallons (US) per minute gallons (imp) per hour liters |
0.028317 1.699 101.9 448.8 646315 28.32 |
| cubic meters per hour | cubic meters per minute cubic meters per second gallons (US) per minute liters per second |
0.016667 0.00027778 4.4033 0.27778 |
| cubic meters per second | cubic meters per hour gallons (US) per minute |
3600 15850 |
| gallons (US) per minute | cubic meters per second cubic meters per minute cubic meters per hour cubic feet per second cubic feet per hour liters per second |
0.000063090 0.0037854 0.2771 0.002228 8.021 0.06309 |
| liters per minute | cubic feet per second liters per second gallons (US) per second gallons (US) per minute gallons (imp) per minute |
0.0005885 0.01667 0.004403 0.26418 0.003666 |
| liters per second | cubic meters per second cubic meters per minute cubic meters per hour liters per minute gallons (US) per minute gallons (imp) per minute |
0.001 0.06 3.600 60 15.85 13.20 |
| pounds of water per minute at 60°F | cubic centimeters per second cubic feet per second cubic meters per minute kilograms per second |
7.5667 0.0002675 0.00045398 0.0075599 |
| standard cubic feet per minute | cubic meters per hour at STP liters per second at STP |
1.6957 0.47103 |
| stokes | square feet per second square meters per second |
0.001076 0.0001 |
| tons (short) of water per 24 hours at 60°F | cubic feet per hour cubic meters per hour gallons (US) per minute pounds of water per hour |
1.338 0.03789 0.1668 83.333 |
| FORCE | ||
| dynes | newtons | 0.00001 |
| grams-force | newtons | 0.0098066 |
| kilograms-force | newtons pounds-force |
9.8066 2.2046 |
| kiloponds | newtons kilograms-force pounds-force poundals kips |
9.807 1 2.2046 70.932 0.002205 |
| kips | newtons kilograms-force pounds-force poundal kilopond |
4448 453.6 1000 32174 453.6 |
| grams-force per centimeter | newtons per meter pounds-force per inch |
98.07 0.005600 |
| kilograms-force per meter | newtons pounds-force per foot |
9.8066 0.6721 |
| newtons | dynes kilograms-force poundals pounds-force |
100000 0.10197 7.2330 0.2248 |
| poundals | newtons | 0.13826 |
| pounds-force | newtons | 4.448 |
|
LENGTH | ||
| centimeters | inches | 0.3937 |
| fathoms | feet meters |
6 1.8288 |
| feet | centimeters inches meters yards |
30.480 12 0.30480 0.3333 |
| inches | centimeters meters millimeters micrometers |
2.540 0.02540 25.40 25.4 |
| kilometers | feet miles |
3280.8 0.62137 |
| meters | feet inches yards |
3.2808 39.370 1.0936 |
| micrometers | meters | 0.000001 |
| millimeters | inches | 0.039370 |
| mills | millimeters | 0.0254 |
| miles | feet kilometers meters yards |
5280 1.6093 1609.3 1760 |
| statute miles | kilometers | 1.609 |
| yards | meters | 0.91440 |
| MASS/WEIGHT | ||
| drams (avoir) | grains grams ounces |
27.344 1.7718 0.0625 |
| grains | grams ounces (avoir) |
0.0648 0.0022857 |
| grams | grains ounces (avoir) pounds (avoir) |
15.432 0.035274 0.0022046 |
| kilograms | pounds tons (short) |
2.2046 0.0011023 |
| metric tons (tonnes) | kilograms pounds |
1000 2204.6 |
| ounces (avoir) | drams
(avoir) grains grams kilograms pounds-avoir tons (long) metric tons |
16 437.5 28.3495 0.028350 0.06250 0.00002790 0.000028350 |
| pounds (avoir) | drams (avoir) grains grams kilograms ounces (avoir) metric tons tons (long) tons (short) |
256 7000 453.59 0.45359 16 0.00045359 0.00044643 0.0005 |
| tons (long) | kilograms metric tons pounds-avoir tons (short) |
1016.0 1.0160 2240 1.120 |
| tons (short) | kilograms pounds-avoir tons (long) metric tons |
907.18 2000 0.89286 0.9072 |
| short ton | metric ton/tonne | 0.9072 |
| POWER | ||
| Btu/hour | watt | 0.2931 |
| Btu/second | watt | 1055 |
| Horsepower | kilowatt | 0.746 |
| PRESSURE AND STRESS | ||
| atmosphere | bars centimeters of mercury at 32F feet of water at 68F inches of mercury at 32F kilograms-force per square centimeter kilograms-force per square meter kilopascals pounds-force per square inch tons-force (short) per square foot torr |
1.01325 76.0 33.96 29.921 1.0332 103322 101.325 14.696 1.0581 760 |
| bars | kilopascals | 100 |
| centimeters of mercury | atmospheres bars feet of water at 68°F inches of water at 68°F kilograms-force per square centimeter pounds-force per square inch torr |
0.013158 0.01333 0.4468 5.362 0.19337 27.85 10 |
| feet of water (at 68°F) | atmospheres bars inches of mercury (at 0°C) kilograms-force per square centimeter kilopascals pounds-force per square inch pounds-force per square foot |
0.02945 0.02984 0.8811 0.03042 2.984 0.4328 62.32 |
| inches of mercury at 0°C | atmospheres (standard) bars feet of water at 68°F inches of water at 68°F kilograms-force per square centimeter kilograms-force per square meter kilopascals millimeters of mercury pounds-force per square foot pounds-force per square inch |
0.00342 0.033864 1.135 13.62 0.034532 345.32 3.3864 25.40 70.73 0.4912 |
| inches of water at 68°F | atmosphere bars inches of mercury kilograms-force per square centimeter kilopascals ounces-force per square inch pounds-force per square foot pounds-force per square inch |
0.002454 0.002487 0.07342 0.002535 0.2487 0.5770 5.193 0.03606 |
| kilograms-force per square centimeter | atmospheres bars feet of water at 68°F inches of mercury at 0°C kilopascals pounds-force per square foot pounds-force per square inch |
0.9678 0.98066 32.87 28.96 98.066 2048 14.223 |
| kilograms-force per square millimeter | kilograms-force per square meter megapascals |
1000000 9.8066 |
| kilograms per square meter | pascals | 9.807 |
| kilopascals | dynes per square centimeter feet of water at 68°F inches of mercury at 32°F inches of water at 68°F kilograms-force per square centimeter pascals pounds-force per square inch |
10000 0.3351 0.2953 4.021 0.010197 1000 0.1450 |
| kips per square inch | kilopascals kilograms-force per square centimeter bars pounds per square inch |
6894.8 70.307 68.94 1000 |
| megapascals | kilograms-force per square millimeter kilograms-force per square centimeter kilopascals pascals pounds-force per square inch |
0.10197 10.197 1000 1000000 145.0 |
| millibars | pascals | 100 |
| millimeters of mercury at 0°C | bars feet of water at 68°F inches of mercury inches of water at 68°F kilograms per square centimeter pascals pounds per square inch |
0.0013332 0.004680 0.03937 0.53616 0.0013595 133.32 0.0193368 |
| ounces-force per square inch | grams-force per square
centimeter pascals pounds-force per square inch |
4.395 43.1 0.06250 |
| pascals | bars dynes per square centimeter grams-force per square centimeter kilograms-force per square centimeter kilopascals newtons per square meter pounds-force per square inch |
0.00001 10.0 0.010197 0.000010197 0.001 1.0 0.0001450 |
| poise | centipoises pascal-seconds pound-force-seconds per square foot pounds per foot-second |
100 0.1000 0.0020886 0.06721 |
| pounds-force per square foot | feet of water at 68°F kilograms-force per square centimeter kilopascals pascals pounds-force per square inch |
0.01605 0.0004882 0.0047880 47.880 0.0069444 |
| pounds-force per square inch | atmospheres feet of water at 68°F inches of water at 68°F inches of mercury at 0°F kilograms force per square centimeter kilopascals |
0.06805 2.311 27.73 2.036 0.07031 6.8948 |
| pounds per square foot | kilograms per square meter | 4.8824 |
| pounds per square inch | pascals kilopascals megapascals |
6895 6.895 0.006895 |
| THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY | ||
| Btu . inch . hour . feet2 . °F | watt per meter2 °K | 0.1442 |
| TORQUE: BENDING MOMENT | ||
| pound feet | newton meters | 1.356 |
| kilogram meters | newton meters | 9.807 |
| VELOCITY | ||
| centimeters per second | feet per second feet per minute miles per hour kilometers per hour meters per minute |
0.03281 1.9685 0.02237 0.03600 0.60000 |
| feet per minute | centimeters per second kilometers per hour meters per minute meters per second miles per hour |
0.5080 0.01829 0.30480 0.00508 0.01136 |
| feet per second | centimeters per second kilometers per hour meters per minute meters per second miles per hour |
30.480 1.097 18.29 0.30480 0.6818 |
| international knots | meters per second miles per hour |
0.5144 1.1516 |
| kilometers per hour | centimeters per second feet per second feet per minute international knots meters per minute meters per second miles per hour |
27.778 0.9113 54.68 0.53996 16.667 0.27778 0.6214 |
| kilometers per second | miles per minute | 37.28 |
| meters per minute | centimeters per second feet per minute feet per second kilometers per hour miles per hour |
1.6667 3.2808 0.05468 0.0600 0.03728 |
| meters per second | feet per minute feet per second kilometers per hour kilometers per minute miles per hour miles per minute |
196.8 3.281 3.600 0.0600 2.237 0.03728 |
| miles per hour | centimeters per second feet per minute feet per second international knots kilometers per hour meters per minute |
44.70 88 1.4667 0.8690 1.6093 26.82 |
| VOLUME | ||
| acre-feet | cubic feet gallons (US) cubic meters |
43.560 325851 1233.5 |
| barrels (US liquid) | gallons (US) | 31.5 |
| barrels (oil) | cubic meters gallons of oil cubic meters |
0.11924 42 0.15899 |
| cubic centimeters | cubic inches cubic feet cubic yards gallons (US) gallons (imp) liters |
0.06102 0.000035315 0.000001308 0.0002642 0.00022 0.001 |
| cubic feet | cubic centimeters cubic meters cubic inches cubic yards gallons (US) gallons (imp) liters |
28317 0.028317 1728 0.03704 7.4805 6.229 28.32 |
| cubic inches | cubic centimeters cubic feet cubic meters cubic yards gallons (US) gallons (imp) liters |
16.387 0.0005787 0.000016387 0.00002143 0.004329 0.03605 0.016387 |
| cubic meters | cubic inches cubic feet cubic yards gallons (US) gallons (imp) liters |
61024 35.315 1.3080 264.17 219.97 1000 |
| cubic yards | cubic centimeters cubic feet cubic inches cubic meters gallons (US) gallons (imp) liters |
764550 27 46.656 0.76455 201.97 168.17 764.55 |
| fluid ounces (US) | cubic inches liters |
1.8046 0.02957 |
| gallons (imp) | cubic centimeters cubic meters cubic feet cubic yards gallons (US) liters pounds of water at 62°F |
4546.1 0.0045461 0.16054 0.005946 1.20094 4.5461 10.000 |
| gallons (US) | cubic centimeters cubic meters cubic inches cubic feet cubic yards pints (liquid) quarts (liquid) gallons (imp) liters pounds of water at 60°F |
3785.4 0.0037854 231 0.13368 0.0049515 8 4 0.8327 3.7854 8.338 |
| liters | cubic centimeters cubic feet cubic inches cubic meters cubic yards gallons (US) gallons (imp) |
1000 0.035315 61.024 0.001 0.001308 0.26418 0.2200 |
| pounds-mass of water at 60°F | cubic centimeters cubic feet cubic inches gallons (US) liters |
454.00 0.01603 27.70 0.11993 0.45398 |
| quarts (dry) | cubic centimeters cubic inches cubic meters |
1101.2 67.20 0.0011012 |
| quarts (liquid) | cubic centimeters cubic inches liters |
946.35 57.75 0.94635 |
| WATER HARDNESS | ||
| grains per gallon (imp) | grams per cubic meter kilograms per cubic meter parts per million by weight in water |
14.25 0.01425 14.25 |
| grains per gallon (US) | grams per cubic meter kilograms per cubic meter parts per million by weight in water pounds per million gallons |
17.118 0.017118 17.118 142.9 |
| grains per liter | grains per US gallon parts per million by mass weight in water pounds per cubic foot pounds per 1000 gallons (US) |
58.417 1000 0.0622427 8.3544 |
| milligrams per liter | parts per million | 1.0 |
| parts per million by mass | grains per gallon (US) at 60°F grains per gallon (imp) at 62°F grams per cubic meter at 15°C milligrams per liter pounds per million gallons (US) at 60°F |
0.0583 0.0700 0.9991 1.0 8.328 |
