Optimasi Penyediaan Energi Nasional: Konsep dan Applikasi Model MARKAL
(Nasional Energy Supply Optimization: Concept and Application of MARKAL Model)

Abstract

     An increase of energy demand should be supported by the reliable of energy supply to fulfill the demand. Taken into consideration depletion of energy resources and limitation of financial ability for energy sector, an integrated energy planning is needed. MARKAL model is one of representative tools to make the integrated energy plannning. This model is a dynamic model to optimize the energy supply.
     Conceptually, optimization in MARKAL model uses linear programming (LP) technique to allocate energy supply. Objective function of the model is minimizing total energy cost with technological and resource constraint to fulfill the demand. General Algebraic of Modelling System (GAMS) software used in the model to solve LP problem. In recent application, the MARKAL model is an integrated software using user interfaces called ANSWER. By using Windows based personal computer (PC), therefore the optimization process and result analysis becomes more interactive and relatively easy to performed.