Allah said in he Quran:
O ye who believe! Fasting is prescribed to you as it was prescribed to those before you, that ye may (learn) self-restraint,

The Previous nations used to fast but in a way different from ours.

In a Hadeeth the Prophet pbuh said, �He who rejoices by the coming of Ramadan Allah will forbid his body from Hell fire.�

Ramadan is a training course to reach Al-Taqwa (piety) and those who fast and do not reach this goal they gained nothing from their fasting except thirst and hunger.
The Prophet said, � Many are those who fast but don�t get from their fasting except thirst and hunger.�

In the Quran:
O mankind! We created you from a single (pair) of a male and a female, and made you into nations and tribes, that ye may know each other (not that ye may despise each other). Verily the most honoured of you in the sight of Allah is (he who is) the most righteous of you. And Allah has full Knowledge and is well-acquainted (with all things).

And we are measured by Allah on the scale of Taqwa and Jennah (paradise) is for the pious and fearful of Allah.

Siam (fasting) is a physical worship but the soul is elevated by it and raised to a celestial degree since the soul is nourished by heavenly requirements while the body demands earthly needs. The effect of worship on the soul is more Taqwa and by Taqwa the soul is elevated and raised.

In Man there exists three qualities:
1. The animal nature: with this nature Humans can be more ignorant and astray than animals.
2. Human nature: and this is the middle solution.
3. Angelic nature (spiritual): and here we are elevated from human qualities.

A story:
Hanzalah (a companion) was once with the prophet pbuh and he was in a high state of Taqwa, but we he went back home he got occupied with the matters and worries of this life so he went out crying, Hanzalah is making hypocrisy, Hanzalah is making hypocrisy. While on this state Abu baker met him and asked him what�s wrong so he told him that when he is with the Prophet he is on a state different from when he is at home? Abu baker said I�m the same as you and while on the way they met Omar and he said I�m the same as you two. So they went to the Prophet pbuh and told him about what happened with them. The prophet pbuh said, �if you remained on the state that you are with me when you are away from me angels would have saluted you on the roads.� And in another narration, �would have slept in your beds.�

In the Quran: (Fasting) for a fixed number of days; but if any of you is ill, or on a journey, the prescribed number (should be made up) from days later. For those who can do it (with hardship), is a ransom, the feeding of one that is indigent but he that will give more, of his own free will, it is better for him. And it is better for you that ye fast, if ye only knew.

So whomever gets sick or is on travel can eat and drink and can fast these days later after Ramadan.

In the Quran the verses that talk about fasting came consecutively but in between them a verse that has no relation to fasting was squeezed in their and this verse is:
When My servants ask thee concerning Me, I am indeed close (to them): I listen to the prayer of every suppliant when he calleth on Me: let them also, with a will, listen to My call, and believe in Me: that they may walk in the right way.
and this is an evidence that the Duaa (asking from Allah) of the fasting person is accepted.

The virtues of the month of Ramadan over other months:
1. Allah has honored this month by the delivering of the Quran from the seventh sky to the earthly sky. Ramadan is the (month) in which was sent down the Qur-an, as a guide to mankind, also Clear (Signs) for guidance and judgment (between right and wrong). So every one of you who is present (at his home) during that month should spend it in fasting, but if any one is ill, or on a journey, the prescribed period (should be made up) by days later. Allah intends every facility for you; He does not want to put you to difficulties. (He wants you) to complete the prescribed period, and to glorify Him in that He has guided you; and perchance ye shall be grateful.
2. Fasting this month mandatory but night prayers are optional.
3. Whoever does a good deed in Ramadan Allah will give him the reward multiplied by seventy.
4. In this month the Rizq (sustenance) of a Muslim is increased and whoever asks a fasting person to eat at time of Iftar (at sunset time when the fasting is over) from his food it is as if this person has freed a slave from slavery for the sake of Allah and if he gave him enough food to be fulfilled Allah will on the day of judgment give him a drink of water which he will never feel thirst at all after that.
5. The gates of Jennah are opened and Paradise is decorated in it. Jennah cries and asks Allah to make from the people who fast this month residents in it.
6. The gates of Hell are closed.
7. Duaa is accepted in it. Allah said in a Qudsi Hadeeth, �Oh son of Adam something is for you and something is for me and something is between you and me. The one that is for me is that you worship me and not associate any one with me. The one that is for you is that whatever you do I will reward you by it. And the one that is between you and me is that you ask me and I shall respond. The Prophet said, � Allah is shy to reject a servant who stretches his hands asking Allah for good.�

He Prophet pbuh said, �Al-Sabr (Patience) is the half of faith.� And he said, �Al-Saoum (fasting) is the half of Al-Sabr.�

In a Qudsi Hadeeth Allah said, �All the deeds of the son of Adam are for him except Al-Saoum (fasting) because it is for me and I reward by it.�

Fasting is for Allah because it is a secret between Allah and his servant and by it the servant defeats the satan.

Allah praises the young fasting person in front of his angels and He say, �Oh young man. You leave your desires for me and you spend your youth obeying me. You are to me like some of my angels.�

The Prophet pbuh said, �Whoever attends a setting of knowledge in Ramadan Allah would right for him with every step he made to that place a year�s worship and whoever keeps praying in congregation, Allah would give him with every Rakaa he makes a city filled with the blessings of Allah.�

Allah said in a Qudsi Hadeeth, �And who ever acts kindly to his parents in Ramadan Allah would look with mercy upon him and guarantees Jennah for him. And every woman who pleases her husband in Ramadan Allah would grant her the reward of Mariam (Mary) and Asiah (the faithful wife of Pharaoh). And whoever does something his brother is in need for it Allah would give him one thousand matters he needs on the day of Judgement.

In another Qudsi Hadeeth Allah said, �Oh my servant prepare for my meeting because soon I will meet you. Work for me because I am your Lord. In what face will those who disobey me meet me, and in what face will those who forget my greatness meet me. He fails he who I cast away from me when I bring close the honest to me. He is in agony the one I throw away from my gardens once I reveal the covering from my beloved. Oh my servant stand at my door since I�m the most generous, and seek refuge beside my because I am on the right path.�

Sadaqat Al-Fitr (the charity of ending the fasting)
The Prophet pbuh said, �the fasting of the servant is hanged between the sky and earth until he/she pays Sadaqat Al-Fitr.�
The conditions of Sadaqat Al-Fitr:
1. It is liked to be delayed until the last days of Ramadan and prior the Eid Salat (the prayer of Eid Al -Fitr) so that the poor and needy feels happy by it and is able to feed himself and his family. It is liked for it to be given as food but money is accepted.
2. It is mandatory on every sane Muslim whether he fasted or not.
3. If a child was born on the last day of Ramadan Sadaqat Al Fitr should be paid on him.

Al-Qadr night
Allah said in the Quran: We have indeed revealed this (Message) in the Night of Power�and what will explain to you what the night of power is? The night of power is better than one thousand month. Therein come down the angels and the Spirit by Allah's permission, on every errand. Peace!... This until the rise of Morn!

The signs of that night of Al-Qadr:
1. There will be brightness in the sky because of the huge number of angels who come down to earth and Jibreel (Gabriel) would come down and stand on the top of Al-Kabaa and spreads his wings until they cover everyone who say La Ilah illa Allah.
2. The sun on the next day would rise without it�s raise or beam for the first few minutes.
3. The temperatures in that nigh would be moderate.
4. It is in the last ten days of Ramadan, and most likely the odd nights in it.

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