Solution: In this context, "goes into" refers to physically inserting a number from A into a number from B. A good example of this is the first of each column. 35 goes into 17 to make 1357, which is a four-term sequence (the odd numbers 1-7). Pairing up the other numbers forms four other simple sequences:

2 4 8 16 (x2)
1 4 9 16 (perfect squares)
1 5 9 13 (add 4)
10 9 8 7 (count back from 10)

By the axiom, we know, for example, that since 48S goes into 216P, then S --> P. From the other pairs we get: A --> B, T --> D, E --> O, and G --> M. Applying these changes to our helpful clue gives "BODYBLOODPUMP", which leads to a solution we need, the Heart.