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Albertasaurus sarcophagus 'reptile from Alberta'
Albertasaurus in Dakota Dinosaur Museum
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Late Cretaceous. Carnivore. 29.5 feet long. Closely related to Daspletosaurus.
Albertasaurus is a lightly built genus. They were possibly pack hunters that preyed upon Hadrosaurs and Ceratopians. Probably scavenged at times. Had a small horn on top of skull.

Aublysodon mirandus 'backward tooth'
Meat eater. 76-65 MYA Late Cretaceous. Based on teeth with no serration's and pelvic bones found by Leidy.

Daspletosaurus skull

Daspletosaurus torosus 'frightful flesh eating reptile'
Late Cretaceous. Carnivore. 30 feet long. Close relatives Tarbosaurus, Tyrannosaurus and Albertasaurus. Has a large head with sharp teeth. It had three strong jaw muscles. Has less teeth than other tyrannosaurs. Forelimbs larger then other tyrannosourid species though with very strong claws. May have preyed upon the larger and heavier ceratopians. 1. Point to the eye socket. 2. Points to the nostril.

Deinodon horridus 'terrible tooth'

Meat eater. 75-70 MYA late cretaceous. Based on teeth found. It is questionable as a valid name.

Tyrannosaurus rex 'tyrant king'
Tyrannosaurus rex
Late Cretaceous. Largest tooth found was 13 inches long. Carnivore. 46 feet long, 18 feet high. Weighed 6- 7 tons. Closest relatives are Daspletosaurus and Tarbosaurus.

First complete skeleton found in Montana in 1902 by Barnum Brown, described by Henery Fairfeild Osborn. In 1908 researchers, from the American Museum of Natural History found a more complete skeleton of T.rex. There has been other skulls and skeletons found since then.

 Tyrannosaurus skull at the Dakota Dinosaur MuseumThe T-rex skull is more massive then that of Allosaurus. The openings in the skull bones are are thicker and heavier. It was able to with stand impacts or jarring. The jaw is also capable of expanding or dislocating (like a snake does) to swallow large bites of flesh.

T-rex mouthThe long rows of 6 inch teeth that lined the jaws were like sharp serrated steak knives. As you can see in the picture. Not only were teeth large but there were also very large jaw muscles. The combination of skull, muscles and teeth could crush up to 3,000lbs of flesh, bones and whatever else it felt like eating. There are several fossils that have been found with large Tyrannosaurs rex teeth found in bone or holes with in the bone. View image of T.rex tooth.

T.rex also had a short neck that was able withstand forces. Large back vertebrae and large leg bones. Big leg muscles attached to the pelvis, and large leg bones to support the weight. A long tail to counter balances the weight of the head.

Tyrannosaurus rex...predator or scavenger?
That is one of the controversies going on right now. I believe that T.rex did hunt for its food, but also scavenged. I would imagine that all carnivores at on time had to scavenge for food at one time. Also modern day carnivores still scavenge for food. With the large skull being able to devoir anything insight, it was more than likely a full-time predator.

Other information...

T. rex had a very large olfactory organ. (Smell) This has also been used as part of the above argument...predator or scavenger? With the large sense organ it would make it easier to find rotting and decaying meat to eat. But it wouldn't also make it easier to track prey down? In the way a bloodhound tracks down people, drugs, bombs, etc. The ear canal was has been found that it was able to pick up the lower sounds, such as those the hadrosaurs are thought to be able to make. (Use of low sounds for communication.) The lower hearing would have helped in locating prey quickly too.

Running T-rex How fast could T.rex run?.... about 25 mph or 40 kph. It was believed that T.rex couldn't run for too long. But now there has been research done on the rib cage to see how far out it expanded. It has shown that he could run longer distances, than what was thought before. The long leg bones also show that there were also large muscle attachments. ; On the pelvis, femur and tibia and the fibia. They also had very long strides, T. rex stood at about 18 feet high. With the long strides from its legs it could cover some ground. Which made it move faster.

Nanotyrannus lancensis 'small tyrant'

Meat eater. 68-65 MYA Late Cretaceous. 5 meters long, 600-1,000 pounds. Skull is 22 inches long. Found in 1942. Has a low skull, snout is long and narrow. Feild of vision overlaps giving it stereoscopic view or "binocular vision". Skull has similar features to that of T. rex.

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