The Constitution: Has Anyone Proofread Our Copies?, Appendix 14

THE CONSTITUTION: HAS ANYONE PROOFREAD OUR COPIES? — BY NICK LEVINSON

Appendix 14: Comparison of Constitution Annotated Literal Print to NARA

Constitution Annotated, prep. Congressional Research Service (Library of Congress (Sen. Doc. 103-6), 1992 ed. 1996), p. 1 ff. (Literal Print) (full title: The Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation: Annotations of Cases Decided By the Supreme Court of the United States to June 29, 1992) (next ed. anticipated after 10-year interval). (Details in Data Documentation for this article.)

(Core of the Constitution only. A column of dots on the left, if produced by your browser, may be disregarded. To verify any character displayed in the event of a browser deficiency, please peruse page source code, using your browser’s commands.)

Preamble to Original Constitution, fr. 5

TYPE OF ERROR:

spelling

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Tranquillity

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Tranquility

Art. I, § 2, cl. 2, fr. 1

TYPE OF ERROR:

case

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

age

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Age

Art. I, § 3, cl. 4, fr. 1

TYPE OF ERROR:

punctuation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Senate

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Senate,

Art. I, § 3, cl. 6, fr. 1

TYPE OF ERROR:

punctuation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

tried

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

tried,

Art. I, § 7, cl. 1, fr. 1

TYPE OF ERROR:

case

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

amendments

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Amendments

NOTES ON NARA:

The initial arguably may be lower case. Calligraphically, the initial is shaped like a lower case “a” and unlike the initial “A” of the first word of the clause, but, on the other hand, has an x-height about double that of other lower case letters and is like the initial “A” of “Authority” in the preceding clause (§ 6, cl. 2), deemed a mid-sentence capital in the Constitution Annotated Literal Print and Constitution Annotated distributed text rendition fragments. In old typography, the shaping of sentence initials may differ from that of word initials though both be capitals, e.g., “Q”. Contra, Art. I, § 7, cl. 2, “Adjournment”, where the mid-sentence capital “A” is styled like a sentence initial. Cf. “S” in “Senate” vs. that in “Same”, in Constitution, passim. See also Art. I, § 8, cl. 12, “Armies” and “Appropriation”.

Art. I, § 7, cl. 2, fr. 3

NOTES ON FRAGMENT:

This fragment is quoted only for the last word.

TYPE OF ERROR:

case

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

it become a law

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

it become a Law

Art. I, § 7, cl. 2, fr. 4

TYPE OF ERROR:

punctuation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

;

Art. I, § 7, cl. 2, fr. 7

TYPE OF ERROR:

case

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Yeas

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

yeas

Art. I, § 7, cl. 2, fr. 10

TYPE OF ERROR:

punctuation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

not be a Law

NOTES ON CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

The absence of the period was confirmed in three copies of the same edition of Constitution Annotated.

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

not be a Law.

Art. I, § 7, cl. 3, fr. 1

TYPE OF ERROR:

case

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

question

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Question

NOTES ON NARA:

It is unclear from the calligraphical x-height whether the initial is a capital or lower case; the letter is shaped as for lower case but is written taller and wider, albeit only somewhat taller and somewhat wider. Cf. “Q” in Art. VI, cl. 3, “Qualification”, in which the letter is shaped as for lower case but scaled large.

Art. I, § 8, cl. 15, fr. 3

TYPE OF ERROR:

word choice

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

repeal

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

repel

Art. I, § 8, cl. 17, fr. 5

TYPE OF ERROR:

case

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Particular

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

particular

Art. I, § 8, cl. 17, fr. 10

NOTES ON FRAGMENT:

This fragment is quoted only for trailing punctuation.

TYPE OF ERROR:

punctuation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

dock-Yards

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

dock-Yards,

Art. I, § 8, cl. 17, fr. 12

NOTES ON FRAGMENT:

This fragment is quoted only for “And” and the space, em-dash, or em-dash-and-space preceding the “And”.

TYPE OF ERROR:

spacing

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Buildings;—And

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Buildings;— And

Art. I, § 8, cl. 18, fr. 3

TYPE OF ERROR:

punctuation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

foregoing Powers

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

foregoing Powers,

Art. I, § 9, cl. 2, fr. 6

NOTES ON FRAGMENT:

This fragment is quoted only for the last word.

TYPE OF ERROR:

word choice

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Cases or

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Cases of

Art. I, § 9, cl. 4, fr. 1

TYPE OF ERROR:

word choice

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Census of

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Census or

Art. I, § 9, cl. 6, fr. 2

TYPE OF ERROR:

punctuation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

clear

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

clear,

Art. I, § 9, cl. 8, fr. 6

TYPE OF ERROR:

punctuation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Prince

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Prince,

Art. II, § 1, cl. 1, fr. 2

TYPE OF ERROR:

punctuation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

follows:

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

follows

NOTES ON NARA:

1. The sixth letter appears to be an “n” but is judged a “w”; see “following” in Art. II, § 1, cl. 8, for a similar shape, assumed to be a calligraphic style of the time period. — 2. A small faint smudge seems to be positioned too low for a colon’s position, although acceptably for a period, which possible period, however, might be inappropriate for the context, and therefore may not have been written.

Art. II, § 1, cl. 3, fr. 12

TYPE OF ERROR:

word choice

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Representatives from

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Representation from

Art. II, § 1, cl. 3, fr. 13

TYPE OF ERROR:

case

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

a quorum

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

A quorum

Art. II, § 1, cl. 5, fr. 2

TYPE OF ERROR:

case

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

any person

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

any Person

Art. II, § 1, cl. 8, fr. 1

TYPE OF ERROR:

spacing

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

:—“I

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

:— “I

NOTES ON NARA:

A space is present after the em-dash.

Art. II, § 2, cl. 1, fr. 4

TYPE OF ERROR:

case

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Grant

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

grant

Art. II, § 3, fr. 3

NOTES ON FRAGMENT:

This fragment is quoted only for the two words and for that part of what the asterisks in the Constitution Annotated distributed text represent that represents the two words.

TYPE OF ERROR:

word choice

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Information on

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Information of

Art. II, § 4, fr. 1

TYPE OF ERROR:

case

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Civil

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

civil

Art. II, § 4, fr. 2

TYPE OF ERROR:

punctuation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

for

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

for,

Art. III, § 2, cl. 1, fr. 2

TYPE OF ERROR:

spacing

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Authority;—to

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Authority;— to

Art. III, § 2, cl. 1, fr. 4

TYPE OF ERROR:

case

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

ministers

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Ministers

Art. III, § 2, cl. 1, fr. 5

TYPE OF ERROR:

spacing

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Consuls;—to

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Consuls;— to

Art. III, § 2, cl. 1, fr. 6

TYPE OF ERROR:

spacing

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Jurisdiction;—to

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Jurisdiction;— to

Art. III, § 2, cl. 1, fr. 7

TYPE OF ERROR:

spacing

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Party;—to

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Party;— to

Art. III, § 2, cl. 1, fr. 9

TYPE OF ERROR:

spacing

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

State;—between

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

State;— between

Art. III, § 2, cl. 1, fr. 11

NOTES ON FRAGMENT:

This fragment is quoted only for punctuation.

TYPE OF ERROR:

punctuation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Citizens of different States;

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Citizens of different States,

Art. III, § 2, cl. 1, fr. 12

TYPE OF ERROR:

spacing

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

—between Citizens of the

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

— between Citizens of the

Art. V, fr. 5

TYPE OF ERROR:

word choice

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

of its

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

of it’s

NOTES ON NARA:

The apostrophe, if it is one, may be too small (compare to commas and the bottoms of semicolons for size), raising a doubt as to whether an apostrophe was intended; but see “it’s” elsewhere for similarity or dissimilarity. If the apostrophe is small, so is the comma at the end of the statement of subscription of names (“Names,”) in the original Constitution.

Art. VI, cl. 2, fr. 2

TYPE OF ERROR:

case

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

any state

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

any State

Art. VII, fr. 1

TYPE OF ERROR:

case

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

same

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Same

Before Amendment I, Statement of Desire, fr. 1

NOTES ON FRAGMENT:

This fragment is quoted only for presence or absence in various renditions.

TYPE OF ERROR:

absence of text

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

[blank]

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

4 THE Conventions of a number of the States . . . expressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers, that further declaratory and restrictive clauses . . . ensure the benificent ends of its institution

NOTES ON NARA:

1. The “4” at the beginning is addressed with its own fragment. — 2. The end is addressed with its own fragment. — 3. This rendition fragment, subject to the fragments referred to in the foregoing notes, is “4 THE Conventions of a number of the States, having at the time of their adopting the Constitution, expressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers, that further declaratory and restrictive clauses should be added: And as extending the ground of public confidence in the Government, will best ensure the benificent ends of its institution”.

Amdt. V, fr. 2

NOTES ON FRAGMENT:

This fragment is quoted only for word choice and not for case.

TYPE OF ERROR:

word choice

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

a Grand

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Grand

NOTES ON NARA:

A smudge precedes “Grand”; see also Virginia’s copy of the sheet stating the first twelve proposed Amendments, illustrated in Life, Fall Special, 1991.

Amdt. V, fr. 9

TYPE OF ERROR:

case

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

criminal

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Criminal

Amdt. VI, fr. 4

TYPE OF ERROR:

spelling

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

process

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

praeess

NOTES ON NARA:

1. The only thing resembling a smudge, discoloration, interruption, or other defect is at the stroke attachment point on the right side of the “a”, too low to imply an “o” instead, and thus is irrelevant to the apparent misspelling. — 2. The Oxford English Dictionary Online (accessed October 9, 2002) showed no entry for “praeess” or “praess” (the latter sought only on speculation of orthographic reasonableness).

Amdt. X, fr. 2

TYPE OF ERROR:

punctuation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

United States

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

United States,

NOTES ON NARA:

The comma is faint, and possibly isn’t present, but spacing appears intended to accommodate a comma. An alternative explanation for the visible mark is that it is the beginning of an upstroke for the “b” which comes next, but that is not consistent with other occurrences of an initial “b” in this Amendment and in Amendments II and IX, which do not show such an upstroke commencing much to the left of the principal downstroke in the corresponding letter.

Amdt. XI, fr. 2

TYPE OF ERROR:

word choice

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

one on

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

one of

Amdt. XII, fr. 15

NOTES ON FRAGMENT:

This fragment is quoted only for spacing or line breakage immediately after the semicolon and for the em-dash or double hyphen.

TYPE OF ERROR:

spacing

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Senate;—The

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Senate; -- the

Amdt. XII, fr. 16

NOTES ON FRAGMENT:

This fragment is quoted only for spacing immediately after the em-dash or double hyphen.

TYPE OF ERROR:

spacing

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Senate;—The

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Senate; -- the

Amdt. XII, fr. 17

TYPE OF ERROR:

case

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

The President of the Senate shall

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

the President of the Senate shall

Amdt. XII, fr. 19

NOTES ON FRAGMENT:

This fragment is quoted only for spacing immediately after the semicolon.

TYPE OF ERROR:

spacing

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

counted;—The

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

counted; -- The

Amdt. XII, fr. 21

NOTES ON FRAGMENT:

This fragment is quoted only for spacing immediately after the em-dash or double hyphen.

TYPE OF ERROR:

spacing

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

counted;—The

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

counted; -- The

Amdt. XII, fr. 23

NOTES ON FRAGMENT:

This fragment is quoted only for the beginning word.

TYPE OF ERROR:

case

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Number of votes for President

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

number of votes for President

Amdt. XII, fr. 29

TYPE OF ERROR:

printer’s error

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

[t]he list of

NOTES ON CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

1. Brackets were added. — 2. The “t” in “the” is visually broken, and is so in three copies of the book, where part of it nonetheless remains visible.

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

the list of

Amdt. XII, fr. 40

TYPE OF ERROR:

word choice

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

in the case

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

in case

Amdt. XII, fr. 41

TYPE OF ERROR:

punctuation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

of the President

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

of the President.

Amdt. XII, fr. 42

NOTES ON FRAGMENT:

This fragment is quoted only for spacing immediately before the em-dash or double hyphen.

TYPE OF ERROR:

spacing

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

President—The

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

President. -- The

Amdt. XII, fr. 45

NOTES ON FRAGMENT:

This fragment is quoted only for spacing immediately after the em-dash or double hyphen.

TYPE OF ERROR:

spacing

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

President—The

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

President. -- The

NOTES ON NARA:

The closing bracket and the asterisk in the original, presumably not meant as part of the text, were disregarded in quoting this rendition fragment.

Amdt. XIV, § 1, fr. 2

TYPE OF ERROR:

punctuation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

States and subject

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

States, and subject

Amdt. XIV, § 2, fr. 1

TYPE OF ERROR:

hyphenation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Vice President

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Vice-President

Amdt. XIV, § 3, fr. 3

TYPE OF ERROR:

hyphenation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Vice President

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Vice-President

Amdt. XIV, § 5, fr. 1

TYPE OF ERROR:

word choice

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

power

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

the power

Amdt. XV, § 1, fr. 1

TYPE OF ERROR:

punctuation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

servitude.

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

servitude--

Amdt. XVII, cl. 2, fr. 2

NOTES ON FRAGMENT:

This fragment is quoted only for italicization.

TYPE OF ERROR:

italicization or not

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Provided

NOTES ON CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

“Provided” is not italicized.

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Provided

NOTES ON NARA:

“Provided” is italicized.

Amdt. XX, § 1, fr. 1

TYPE OF ERROR:

word choice

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

Vice President

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

the Vice President

Amdt. XXI, § 2, fr. 1

TYPE OF ERROR:

case

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

possession

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Possession

Amdt. XXII, § 1, fr. 3

TYPE OF ERROR:

word choice

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

of the President more than once

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

of President more than once

Amdt. XXII, § 1, fr. 5

TYPE OF ERROR:

punctuation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

President, when

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

President when

Amdt. XXII, § 1, fr. 7

TYPE OF ERROR:

word choice

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

the Congress

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Congress

Amdt. XXIII, § 1, cl. 1, fr. 3

TYPE OF ERROR:

word choice

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

the Congress

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

Congress

Amdt. XXIV, § 1, fr. 2

TYPE OF ERROR:

word choice

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

any poll

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

poll

Amdt. XXV, § 3, fr. 3

TYPE OF ERROR:

word choice

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

has written

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

his written

Amdt. XXV, § 4, cl. 2, fr. 1

TYPE OF ERROR:

word choice

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

has written

NARA SOURCE:

Retypeset rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

his written

Amdt. XXVII, fr. 3

NOTES ON FRAGMENT:

This fragment is quoted only for punctuation.

TYPE OF ERROR:

punctuation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

law

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

law,

Amdt. XXVII, fr. 6

NOTES ON FRAGMENT:

This fragment is quoted only for punctuation.

TYPE OF ERROR:

punctuation

TEXT OF CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED LITERAL PRINT:

and Representatives

NARA SOURCE:

High Resolution rendition.

TEXT PER NARA:

and Representatives,

—————

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Article URL: http://www.GeoCities.com/Nick_Levinson/law/const_proofrdg/article.htm
Appendix first publicly posted to the World Wide Web July 24, 2004; revised (to add links) and posted August 17, 2004.
Minor revisions: Copyright © 2004 Nick Levinson
Balance: Copyright © 2003 Nick Levinson
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