THE CONSTITUTION: HAS ANYONE PROOFREAD OUR COPIES? — BY NICK LEVINSON
Appendix 6: Comparison of USCS Complete Text to NARA
United States Code Service (LexisNexis (bound)) (Complete Text), p. 18 ff. of main vol. containing it. (Details in Data Documentation for this article.)
(Core of the Constitution only. A column of dots on the left, if produced by your browser, may be disregarded. To verify any character displayed in the event of a browser deficiency, please peruse page source code, using your browser’s commands.)
- Preamble to Original Constitution, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- people
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- People
- Preamble to Original Constitution, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- order
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Order
- Art. I, § 2, cl. 3, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- hyphenation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- three-fifths
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- three fifths
- Art. I, § 2, cl. 3, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- other persons
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- other Persons
- Art. I, § 2, cl. 3, fr. 5
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- hyphenation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Rhode Island
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Rhode-Island
- Art. I, § 2, cl. 3, fr. 7
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- hyphenation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- New York
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- New-York
- Art. I, § 2, cl. 5, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- speaker
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Speaker
- Art. I, § 3, cl. 1, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- vote
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Vote
- NOTES ON NARA:
- The initial is a capital; compare “v” in “have” earlier in the same clause, “V” in “Virginia” in Art. I, § 2, cl. 3, and “V” in “Vote” and in “Vice President” in Art. I, § 3, cl. 4.
- Art. I, § 3, cl. 2, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- such vacancies
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- such Vacancies
- Art. I, § 3, cl. 3, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- thirty years
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- thirty Years
- Art. I, § 3, cl. 6, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- and
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- And
- Art. I, § 3, cl. 7, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- profit
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Profit
- Art. I, § 5, cl. 2, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spelling
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Behavior
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Behaviour
- Art. I, § 6, cl. 1, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Respective
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- respective
- Art. I, § 7, cl. 2, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Every bill
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Every Bill
- Art. I, § 7, cl. 2, fr. 7
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Yeas
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- yeas
- Art. I, § 7, cl. 3, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- question
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Question
- NOTES ON NARA:
- It is unclear from the calligraphical x-height whether the initial is a capital or lower case; the letter is shaped as for lower case but is written taller and wider, albeit only somewhat taller and somewhat wider. Cf. “Q” in Art. VI, cl. 3, “Qualification”, in which the letter is shaped as for lower case but scaled large.
- Art. I, § 7, cl. 3, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- adjournment
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Adjournment
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 1, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- throughout the United States.
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- throughout the United States;
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 2, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- money
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Money
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 2, fr. 4
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- States.
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- States;
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 3, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- commerce
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Commerce
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 3, fr. 4
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- nations
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Nations
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 3, fr. 6
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- tribes
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Tribes
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 3, fr. 7
- NOTES ON FRAGMENT:
- This fragment is quoted only for punctuation.
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- tribes.
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Tribes;
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 4, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- States.
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- States;
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 5, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Measures.
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Measures;
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 6, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- States.
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- States;
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 7, fr. 4
- NOTES ON FRAGMENT:
- This fragment is quoted only for punctuation.
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Roads.
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Roads;
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 8, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Discoveries.
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Discoveries;
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 9, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- tribunals
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Tribunals
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 9, fr. 4
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Supreme
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- supreme
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 9, fr. 5
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- .
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- ;
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 10, fr. 5
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Nations.
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Nations;
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 11, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Water.
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Water;
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 12, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Years.
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Years;
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 13, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Navy.
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Navy;
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 14, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Forces.
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Forces;
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 15, fr. 4
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Invasions.
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Invasions;
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 16, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- disciplining
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- disciplining,
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 16, fr. 5
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Congress.
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Congress;
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 17, fr. 9
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Dock-Yards
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- dock-Yards
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 17, fr. 11
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Buildings.
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Buildings;
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 17, fr. 12
- NOTES ON FRAGMENT:
- This fragment is quoted only for “And” and the space, em-dash, or em-dash-and-space preceding the “And”.
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Buildings. And
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Buildings;— And
- Art. I, § 8, cl. 17, fr. 13
- NOTES ON FRAGMENT:
- This fragment is quoted only for punctuation trailing “And”.
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Buildings. And,
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Buildings;— And
- NOTES ON NARA:
- It appears that no punctuation immediately trails “And”. The only trailing mark appears to be a wash-out or erasure that is approximately the right shape and position to represent what might once have been an attempt at a comma. However, its angle relative to the vertical is much wider than that of a typical comma elsewhere in the clause, it is much larger in overall size than are commas elsewhere in the clause, it is nearly hollow, the near-hollowness is itself larger than necessary for a comma, it lacks even in the darker zone in general the visual intensity common among commas and other characters elsewhere in the clause, and the rest of the line to the right of its position is blank.
- Art. I, § 9, cl. 2, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- privilege
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Privilege
- Art. I, § 9, cl. 2, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- writ
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Writ
- Art. I, § 9, cl. 2, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- habeas
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- Text ; TEXT PER NARA:
- Habeas
- Art. I, § 9, cl. 2, fr. 4
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- corpus
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Corpus
- Art. I, § 9, cl. 2, fr. 5
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- cases
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Cases
- Art. I, § 9, cl. 2, fr. 7
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- rebellion
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Rebellion
- Art. I, § 9, cl. 2, fr. 8
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- invasion
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Invasion
- Art. I, § 9, cl. 2, fr. 9
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- safety
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Safety
- Art. I, § 9, cl. 8, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- and
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- And
- Art. I, § 9, cl. 8, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- emolument
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Emolument
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- state
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- State
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- treaty
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Treaty
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- alliance
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Alliance
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 4
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- confederation
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Confederation
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 5
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- letters
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Letters
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 6
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- marque
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Marque
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 7
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- reprisal
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Reprisal
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 8
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- money
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Money
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 9
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- bills
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Bills
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 10
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- credit
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Credit
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 11
- NOTES ON FRAGMENT:
- This fragment is quoted only for spelling, viz., whether styled open or solid.
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spelling
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- anything
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- any Thing
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 12
- NOTES ON FRAGMENT:
- This fragment is quoted only for case.
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- anything
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- any Thing
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 13
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- silver coin
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- silver Coin
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 14
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- tender
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Tender
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 15
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- payment
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Payment
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 16
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- debts
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Debts
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 17
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- bill
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Bill
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 18
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- attainder
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Attainder
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 19
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- facto law,
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- facto Law,
- NOTES ON NARA:
- The comma may possibly be a semicolon, given a dot at the end of the “w”, which has no stroke pointing to the right, and given that the dot is as dark as the comma. However, the dot is too far to the left, in comparison to other semicolons on the same page of the original Constitution.
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 20
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- or law
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- or Law
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 21
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- obligation
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Obligation
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 22
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- contracts
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Contracts
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 23
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- title
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Title
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 1, fr. 24
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- nobility
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Nobility
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 2, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- word choice
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- its
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- it’s
- NOTES ON NARA:
- The apostrophe might be somewhat small and high, but is still more likely an apostrophe than a mere mark.
- Art. I, § 10, cl. 2, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- word choice
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Revision
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- the Revision
- Art. II, § 1, cl. 1, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- follows:
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- follows
- NOTES ON NARA:
- 1. The sixth letter appears to be an “n” but is judged a “w”; see “following” in Art. II, § 1, cl. 8, for a similar shape, assumed to be a calligraphic style of the time period. — 2. A small faint smudge seems to be positioned too low for a colon’s position, although acceptably for a period, which possible period, however, might be inappropriate for the context, and therefore may not have been written.
- Art. II, § 1, cl. 3, fr. 8
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- immediately Chuse
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- immediately chuse
- Art. II, § 1, cl. 3, fr. 10
- NOTES ON FRAGMENT:
- This fragment is quoted only for the last word.
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Manner Chuse
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Manner chuse
- Art. II, § 1, cl. 3, fr. 11
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Chusing
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- chusing
- Art. II, § 1, cl. 3, fr. 16
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- shall Chuse
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- shall chuse
- Art. II, § 1, cl. 4, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Chusing
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- chusing
- Art. II, § 1, cl. 8, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spacing
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- :—“I
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- :— “I
- NOTES ON NARA:
- A space is present after the em-dash.
- Art. II, § 2, cl. 1, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- power
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Power
- NOTES ON NARA:
- The “w” is somewhat uncertain; the strokes might represent other letters but a “w” seems likeliest.
- Art. II, § 2, cl. 1, fr. 5
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spelling
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Offenses
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Offences
- Art. II, § 2, cl. 2, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Supreme
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- supreme
- Art. III, § 1, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spelling
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Behavior
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Behaviour
- Art. III, § 2, cl. 1, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spacing
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Authority;—to
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Authority;— to
- Art. III, § 2, cl. 1, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- cases affecting
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Cases affecting
- Art. III, § 2, cl. 1, fr. 5
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spacing
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Consuls;—to
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Consuls;— to
- Art. III, § 2, cl. 1, fr. 6
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spacing
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Jurisdiction;—to
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Jurisdiction;— to
- Art. III, § 2, cl. 1, fr. 7
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spacing
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Party;—to
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Party;— to
- Art. III, § 2, cl. 1, fr. 9
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spacing
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- State;—between
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- State;— between
- Art. III, § 2, cl. 1, fr. 12
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spacing
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- —between Citizens of the
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- — between Citizens of the
- Art. III, § 2, cl. 3, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- word choice
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- said Crime
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- said Crimes
- Art. V, fr. 5
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- word choice
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- of its
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- of it’s
- NOTES ON NARA:
- The apostrophe, if it is one, may be too small (compare to commas and the bottoms of semicolons for size), raising a doubt as to whether an apostrophe was intended; but see “it’s” elsewhere for similarity or dissimilarity. If the apostrophe is small, so is the comma at the end of the statement of subscription of names (“Names,”) in the original Constitution.
- Before Amendment I, Statement of Desire, fr. 1
- NOTES ON FRAGMENT:
- This fragment is quoted only for presence or absence in various renditions.
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- absence of text
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- [blank]
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- 4 THE Conventions of a number of the States . . . expressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers, that further declaratory and restrictive clauses . . . ensure the benificent ends of its institution
- NOTES ON NARA:
- 1. The “4” at the beginning is addressed with its own fragment. — 2. The end is addressed with its own fragment. — 3. This rendition fragment, subject to the fragments referred to in the foregoing notes, is “4 THE Conventions of a number of the States, having at the time of their adopting the Constitution, expressed a desire, in order to prevent misconstruction or abuse of its powers, that further declaratory and restrictive clauses should be added: And as extending the ground of public confidence in the Government, will best ensure the benificent ends of its institution”.
- Amdt. I, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- word choice
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- of the right
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- the right
- Amdt. I, fr. 4
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spelling
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- peacably
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- peaceably
- Amdt. I, fr. 5
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- government
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Government
- Amdt. V, fr. 2
- NOTES ON FRAGMENT:
- This fragment is quoted only for word choice and not for case.
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- word choice
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- a Grand
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Grand
- NOTES ON NARA:
- A smudge precedes “Grand”; see also Virginia’s copy of the sheet stating the first twelve proposed Amendments, illustrated in Life, Fall Special, 1991.
- Amdt. V, fr. 9
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- criminal
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Criminal
- Amdt. VI, fr. 4
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spelling
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- process
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- praeess
- NOTES ON NARA:
- 1. The only thing resembling a smudge, discoloration, interruption, or other defect is at the stroke attachment point on the right side of the “a”, too low to imply an “o” instead, and thus is irrelevant to the apparent misspelling. — 2. The Oxford English Dictionary Online (accessed October 9, 2002) showed no entry for “praeess” or “praess” (the latter sought only on speculation of orthographic reasonableness).
- Amdt. VI, fr. 7
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- counsel
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Counsel
- Amdt. X, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- United States
- NARA SOURCE:
- High Resolution rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- United States,
- NOTES ON NARA:
- The comma is faint, and possibly isn’t present, but spacing appears intended to accommodate a comma. An alternative explanation for the visible mark is that it is the beginning of an upstroke for the “b” which comes next, but that is not consistent with other occurrences of an initial “b” in this Amendment and in Amendments II and IX, which do not show such an upstroke commencing much to the left of the principal downstroke in the corresponding letter.
- Amdt. XII, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- respective states,
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- respective states
- Amdt. XII, fr. 13
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Government
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- government
- Amdt. XII, fr. 14
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- States directed
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- States, directed
- Amdt. XII, fr. 15
- NOTES ON FRAGMENT:
- This fragment is quoted only for spacing or line breakage immediately after the semicolon and for the em-dash or double hyphen.
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spacing
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Senate;—the
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Senate; -- the
- Amdt. XII, fr. 16
- NOTES ON FRAGMENT:
- This fragment is quoted only for spacing immediately after the em-dash or double hyphen.
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spacing
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Senate;—the
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Senate; -- the
- Amdt. XII, fr. 19
- NOTES ON FRAGMENT:
- This fragment is quoted only for spacing immediately after the semicolon.
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spacing
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- counted;—The
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- counted; -- The
- Amdt. XII, fr. 21
- NOTES ON FRAGMENT:
- This fragment is quoted only for spacing immediately after the em-dash or double hyphen.
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spacing
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- counted;—The
- NOTES ON USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- This rendition fragment has a page break after the em-dash. Therefore, whether there would be a space after the em-dash absent the page break can’t be determined independently of analogy. By analogy to what precedes the em-dash and to em-dash usage elsewhere in this rendition of this Amendment, there appears to be no spacing after the em-dash.
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- counted; -- The
- Amdt. XII, fr. 40
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- word choice
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- in the case
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- in case
- Amdt. XII, fr. 42
- NOTES ON FRAGMENT:
- This fragment is quoted only for spacing immediately before the em-dash or double hyphen.
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spacing
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- President.—The
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- President. -- The
- Amdt. XII, fr. 45
- NOTES ON FRAGMENT:
- This fragment is quoted only for spacing immediately after the em-dash or double hyphen.
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spacing
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- President.—The
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- President. -- The
- NOTES ON NARA:
- The closing bracket and the asterisk in the original, presumably not meant as part of the text, were disregarded in quoting this rendition fragment.
- Amdt. XII, fr. 54
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- list, the senate
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- list, the Senate
- Amdt. XII, fr. 60
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- spelling
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- ineliglble
- NOTES ON USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- The seventh letter of “ineliglble” is the twelfth letter of the alphabet, but probably should be the ninth.
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- ineligible
- Amdt. XIV, § 1, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- in the United States,
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- in the United States
- Amdt. XIV, § 2, fr. 4
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Officers
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- officers
- Amdt. XIV, § 2, fr. 5
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- a state
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- a State
- Amdt. XIV, § 3, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Elector
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- elector
- Amdt. XIV, § 4, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- word choice
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- slaves
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- slave
- Amdt. XIV, § 4, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- obligations, and
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- obligations and
- Amdt. XIV, § 5, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- word choice
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- power
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- the power
- Amdt. XV, § 1, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- punctuation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- servitude.
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- servitude--
- Amdt. XVII, cl. 2, fr. 3
- NOTES ON FRAGMENT:
- This fragment is quoted only for punctuation.
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- italicization or not
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Provided,
- NOTES ON USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- The punctuation is italicized.
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Provided,
- NOTES ON NARA:
- The punctuation is not italicized; this was verified Jan. 2, 2003, by examination of the source code available via a browser command when viewing the Web site.
- Amdt. XVIII, § 3, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- word choice
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- the State
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- the States
- Amdt. XX, § 1, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- word choice
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- Vice President
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- the Vice President
- Amdt. XX, § 5, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- numeral or not
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- one
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- 1
- Amdt. XX, § 5, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- numeral or not
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- two
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- 2
- Amdt. XXI, § 2, fr. 1
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- possession
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Possession
- Amdt. XXII, § 1, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- word choice
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- of the President more than once
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- of President more than once
- Amdt. XXII, § 1, fr. 4
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- article shall
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Article shall
- Amdt. XXII, § 1, fr. 6
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- article was
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Article was
- Amdt. XXII, § 1, fr. 7
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- word choice
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- the Congress
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Congress
- Amdt. XXII, § 1, fr. 8
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- article becomes
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Article becomes
- Amdt. XXII, § 2, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- hyphenation
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- three fourths
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- three-fourths
- Amdt. XXII, § 2, fr. 4
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- several states
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- several States
- Amdt. XXII, § 2, fr. 5
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- case
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- the states
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- the States
- Amdt. XXIII, § 1, cl. 1, fr. 3
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- word choice
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- the Congress
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- Congress
- Amdt. XXIV, § 1, fr. 2
- TYPE OF ERROR:
- word choice
- TEXT OF USCS COMPLETE TEXT:
- any poll
- NARA SOURCE:
- Retypeset rendition.
- TEXT PER NARA:
- poll
—————
URL: http://www.GeoCities.com/Nick_Levinson/law/const_proofrdg/Appx_06.htm
Article URL: http://www.GeoCities.com/Nick_Levinson/law/const_proofrdg/article.htm
Appendix first publicly posted to the World Wide Web July 24, 2004; revised (to add links) and posted August 17, 2004.
Minor revisions: Copyright © 2004 Nick Levinson
Balance: Copyright © 2003 Nick Levinson
All rights reserved.