3/3/99

Microbiology II

 

GI tract assoiated bacteria cause: diarrhea, dysentery, fever, dehydration

·        Rehydration—replace fluids and electrolyes—when lost in disease—through IV

·        Oral replacement is difficult when suffering from above consequences

·        Fluid known as 5:4:1 used to rehydrate

·        5gNaCl, 4 g NaHCO3, 1g of KCl all dissolved in 1000mL H2O (sterile)

·        gatorade also useful

·        need to replace fluids and salts at same rate as being lost

·        once recovered from GI disturbance, still may house organism yielding hypersensitivity reaction

·        cyclic AMP cycle interfered w/causing lack of absorption of fluid/salts causing liquid stools/vomitting

·        dysentery—fresh blood and mucous in stool

·        diarrhea—liquid stool

 

Escherichia coli

·        member of Enterobacteriaceae

·        gram (-), rod

·        coliform—can ferment lactose

·        many test to Dx E. coli based on lactose fermentation

·        fecal contaminant

Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Haffni and Arizona are all also coliforms which are lactose fermenters

·        member of normal flora of colon

·        was thought of as benign, but now not so sure…causes food posionig, etc.

·        associatied w/ vit B

E. coli is generally benign

Pathogenic Diseases

·        Enerotxoicgenic—O157—deadly food posioning

·        Enteropathogenic—Traveler's Diarrhea; multiple drug resistance

·        Enteroinvasive—infants—neonates this is the most deadly

·        All E. coli has multiple drug resistance

·        Tx:  Gentamycin, Ampicillin, 3^rd generation Cephalosporin—should test to see if it is affective to work on the particular stain of E. coli

·        Also known for urinary tract infections

·        More common in females than in males

·        Tx:  vit C is acidifier (changes pH of urine and vagina) and Nalidixic Acid or Nirtofurantoin