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Microbiology II

 

Prevention

·         100% preventable

·         Lack of education allows for the spread of AIDS

·         Abstinence from sex (oral too)

·         Use condoms, etc

·         Lubricant--nonoxynol 9, spermicides

·         Deep kissing is "no-no"

·         IV drug users is also a high risk category

·         HIV in all body fluids

·         Avoid all high risk activities

·         Immunization thus far has been total failure

·         HIV has so many different antigens that it's been impossible to produce vaccine

·         HIV I, II, III--each different--III is most mild

 

Dengue fever--p 662-3

Yellow fever--p 663

Ebola--p 665

Lassa fever-- p 666

 

Dengue Fever

·         Transmitted via mosquitto

·         Aedes aegypti, A. albopictus

·         Is a flavivirus (RNA containing)

·         AKA breakbone fever

·         Symptoms--high fever, nausea, weakness, rash

·         Self-limiting, runs its course in about 10 days

·         Second infection causes hemorrhagic form which occurs while virus is replicating in circulating lymphocytes

·         Can have rapid breathing, increased blood pressure, and shock

 

Yellow fever

·         Mosquitto transmitted

·         Came about in early 1900's w/ building of Panama Canal

·         Type of jaundice

·         Incidence greatest in jungle areas where monkeys serve as reservoirs

·         Fever, nausea, vomiting w/viremia, jaundice

·         Fatality is 5%

·         Vaccine developed by Max Theiler

 

Ebola

·         Deadly

·         It's a filovirus

·         Closely related to Marburg virus

·         Hemorrhagic fever

·         Outbreak in Zaire, Africa in 1995 killing off everyone

·         Transmitted via droplet route

 

Lassa fever

·         An arenavirus (RNA virus)

·         Hemorrhagic fever

·         Air-borne

·         Rapidly spreading