NMS
5/6/99

Chapter 3 questions
1.	Palmer and cause of disease—nerve interference, not necessarily well defined—blocked or altered conduction—a number of interpretations
3.	 Chiropractic views health as a state of balance, homeostasis, out of balance causes problems
11.	two meanings for subluxation
a.	irritation
b.	compression
12.	nerve irritation—increased conduction—dis-ease—(stimulate)—somatosomatic reflex (starts in the body (torn ligament) and manifests in the spastic muscle which are connected by the healthy nervous system)
13.	nerve compression—decreased conduction along nerves—disease
18.	What is the most likely acknowledged cause of nerve compression?  Disc bulge
19.	Osteophytes, spurs, IVF narrowing—these cause mechanical compression
Compression means anything that causes decreased conduction
Metabolic—B deficiencies, diabetes, MS (demyelinating), autoimmune diseases, polio (viral and bacterial infections), toxic disorders (arsenic, lead)

Medical model
•	Look to break somatosomatic reflex
•	Advil disrupts the sensation of pain to break the cycle and decrease the muscle spasm
•	Muscle relaxants are used to not allow the muscle to contract
•	Either or both of these treatments actually cause a neuropathy (compression) problem in trying to fix a nerve irritation

•	From an area w/ a torn ligament and muscle spasm see and area of fixation—subluxation
•	Does this by some MN go to spinal muscles
•	These muscles contract in reaction and do not move
•	Creates another somatosomatic reflex

10.	removal of fixations—natural and normal phenomenon to related injured area
Subluxation—abnormal biomechanics of a joint w/associated nerve involvement
Korr—neurophysiologist, studied subluxation, thought model was more somatovisceral reflex

Evidence of Neurological dysfunction
•	sharp—nerve compression
•	radiating—always perceived at the terminal ending
•	behind the central gyrus of the brain (parietal lobe) (post central gyrus) picks up pain patterns
•	carried there from the thalamus
•	thalamocortical pathways—from thalamus to cortex
•	spinothalamic pathways—from spine to thalamus
•	cortex is very sensitive and is capable of discrimination of sensory input
a.	location
b.	duration
c.	description
•	part that can sense/perceive—the thalamus can perceive but cannot discriminate the input
•	proprioception—mechanoreceptors in muscles
•	kinesthesia—position awareness—proprioception
•	graphesthesia—ability of deciphering what someone writes on the skin
•	vibration
•	2pt discrimination—dorsal columns 
•	anesthesia—loss of feeling
•	problem in the cord—whip out a tract only lose one or the other (pain or proprioception)
•	discrimination is the test for a problem in the brain (location, duration, description)
•	Multiple Sclerosis—does not discriminate on tracts when demyelinating—it will affect both-- deficits
•	Thalamic lesions—cause zones of anesthesia and thalamic pain (some of the worst pain)
•	Agnosia—cortex lesion—inability to discriminate a sensation
•	Aphasia—inability to communicate