Cardio

10/12/99

Ventilation—the movement of air

Respiration—gas exchange

• A person can move air in and out of their lungs w/no gas exchange
• Can only have respiration if the air moves into the respiratory zone
• If there is no blood to pick up the air, respiration does not occur
• If the distance b/w the alveoli and capillary is too great, there is a decrease in respiration
• Tachypnea—increased breaths per minute
• Normal is at rest 15 bpm
• Bradypnea—decreased breaths per minute
• Apnea—no breaths
• Dyspnea—ex: asthma; difficult breathing; short of breath; sense that the individual will not be able to get enough air
• Dyspnea and blood gases have no relationship
• If PaO2¯, it doesn't mean dyspnea
• Loss of proper proprioceptive input
• ­ bpm = ­ ventilation = ­ respiration –in health
• In disease, ­ bpm doesn't mean ­ ventilation
• Ventilation always goes down if you have a obstructive or restrictive disease
• Ventilation of what?  The respiratory zone
• Conducting zone represents abut 150mL—Anatomical Dead Space
• Decreased ventilation = hypoventilation
• The common denominator for restrictive and obstructive disease
• Q = perfusion
• Problem getting blood to the lungs
• Only healthy lungs can hyperventilate

• Residual volume is the are that is trapped in the lungs
• Develop a barrel chest
• Compliance is the ability of the lungs to expand
• Recoil—ability to collapse inward
• Surface tension is inversely related to the distance b/w the two surfaces
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