The Journals ~ Lewis and Clark, Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, 1953. pg. 51.

"Now John Newman, of the permanent part, is court-martialed forinsubordination. sentenced to 75 lashes (the last corporal punishment on the expedition) and denied status-to be returned to SL Louis and discharged from the Army. The punishment of this day allarmd, the Indian Chief Arikara. He cned aloud. I explained the cause of the punishment and the necessity (of It) which he thought examples were also necessary & he himself had made them by death, but his nation never whiped even their children, from their burth. Private John Newman, born in Pennsylvania, son of Walter N. and Catherine Newman. He was recruited from CapL Daniel Bissell's 1st. Infantry Company. He was powerful, stmng willed and quick tempered. While enroute up the Missouri with the expedition, he made mutinous remarks, but afterwards did all he could to atone. He was with the return party in 1805 and was of valuable help in handling the keel- boat. After the expedition he manied on July 6, 183Z Olympia Dubreuil, daughter of Antoine and Elisabeth (Paran) Dubreuil of St. Louis. He traded on the upper Missouri during the years 1834 to 1838. He was killed by the Yankton Sioux in the spring of 1838."