LOCATION
New Brunswick is a seaside province of Canada, bordering on Nova Scotia, Quebec and the state of Maine. Almost rectangular in shape, extending about 200 miles from north to south, and 150 miles from east to west, the province of New Brunswick is bordered by water on most of three sides.
Beginning at the north, the provinces's boundaries are the province of Quebec, the Restigouche River and the Chaleur Bay. Its eastern boundary is entirely water, made up of the Gulf of St. Lawrence and Northumberland Strait. On the south, the boundary is the Bay of Fundy and Chignecto Bay, with a 15 mile land boundary at the southeast corner, where the province is joined to Nova Scotia by the Isthmus of Chignecto. New Brunswick's western boundary borders on the state of Maine and Quebec.
HISTORY
When Samuel de Champlain and other Europeans began to visit New Brunswick in the early 1600s they were met by Maliseets and Micmacs. The early French farmers settled at the head of the Bay of Fundy and up the St. John River Valley as far as present-day Fredericton and called the land Acadia.
Fall-out from English and French wars in Europe forced more than 5,000 Acadians into exile in 1755. Some of them excaped to what was then a remote and uninhabited coastline along the Gulf of St. Lawrence and Baie des Chaleurs. Today we call it the Acadian Peninsula. Others returned to France or fled to the United States, many settling in Louisiana.
In 1783 it was the English who were refugees. During the American Revolution some citizens from the eastern seaboard wanted to remain loyal to the English crown and fled to Canada. So many landed in Saint John that by 1785 they were able to incorporate Canada's first city.
POPULATION
About 724,000 souls are proud to call New Brunswick home, and most of them live along the coasts and in the river valleys. Nearly 34 percent of them are French-speaking. Saint John is the province's oldest and largest city with a population of 75,000.
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