THE DEATH OF THE CROSS

By J. C. Philpot

Chapter Four from the book Meditations on the Sacred Humanity of Our Blessed Redeemer

 

Well might the apostle, as if in a burst of holy admiration, cry aloud, as

with trumpet voice, that heaven and earth might hear, "Great is the mystery

of godliness; God was manifest in the flesh." #1Ti 3:16 A mystery indeed it

is, a great, a deep, an unfathomable mystery; for who can rightly understand

how the divine Word, the eternal Son of God, was made flesh, and dwelt among

us? "Who shall declare his generation?" #Isa 53:8; either that eternal

generation whereby he is the only-begotten Son of God, or the generation of

his sacred humanity in the womb of the Virgin, when the Holy Ghost came upon

her, and the power of the Highest overshadowed her? These are the things

"which the angels desire to look into;" which they cannot understand, but

reverently adore. And well may we imitate their adoring admiration, not

attempting to understand, but believe, love, and revere; for well has it

been said,

 

There faith believes, and love adores.

 

Nor, if rightly taught and spiritually led, shall we find this a barren,

dry, or unprofitable subject. It is "the great mystery of godliness;"

therefore all godliness is contained in it, and flows out of it. There never

was, there never will or can be a truly godly thought, feeling, or desire -

no, not one godly word or work, a godly heart or a godly life which does not

arise out of, and is not sustained by, the great mystery of an incarnate

God. There may be, indeed frequently is, as a legal holiness, a fleshly

piety, a tithing of mint, anise, and cummin, and a profusion of good works,

so called, independent of the grace that dwells in the Lord the Lamb; but

godliness, as consisting in a new and heavenly birth, with all its attendant

fruits and graces, can only flow from the fulness of a covenant Head,

communicating life to the members of his mystical body. And this covenant

Head, we know, is the Son of God, once manifest in the flesh and now exalted

to the right hand of the Father. How clear on this point, that all life is

in him and out of him, are his own words of grace and truth: "Because I

live, ye shall live also;" "I am the way, the truth, and the life; no man

cometh unto the Father but by me;" "Except ye eat the flesh of the Son of

man and drink his blood, ye have no life in you;" "I am the vine, ye are the

branches. He that abideth in me, and I in him, the same bringeth forth much

fruit; for without me ye can do nothing."

 

If, then, our hearts, as touched with an unction from above, are bent after

godliness, as a felt blessing; if, as made daily more and more sensible of

our miserable emptiness and destitution, and the drying up of all creature

springs of happiness and holiness, we long more and more to realise the

inward possession of that promised well of water, springing up into

everlasting life, we shall desire to look more and more into this heavenly

mystery, and to have its transforming power and efficacy more feelingly and

experimentally made known to our souls. "If any man thirst," said the

blessed Lord, "let him come unto me and drink;" and to show that not only

should he drink for his own soul's happiness, but for the benefit of others,

he graciously added, "He that believeth on me, as the scripture hath said,

out of his belly (or heart) shall flow rivers of living water." #Joh 7:38

The whole of God's grace, mercy, and truth is laid up in, is revealed

through, is manifested by, the Son of his love; for "it pleased the Father

that in him should all fulness dwell;" #Col 1:19 and this as Immanuel, God

with us. Thus his sacred humanity, in union with his Divine Person, is the

channel of communication through which all the love and mercy of God flow

down to poor, guilty, miserable sinners, who believe in the name of the

only-begotten Son of God.

 

If blessed then with faith in living exercise, we may draw near and behold

the great mystery of godliness. To tread by faith upon this holy ground is

to come "unto Mount Sion, and unto the city of the living God, the heavenly

Jerusalem, and to an innumerable company of angels, to the general assembly

and church of the firstborn which are written in heaven, and to God, the

Judge of all, and to the spirits of just men made perfect, and to Jesus, the

Mediator of the new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling, that speaketh

better things than the blood of Abel;" #Heb 12:22-24; for every blessing of

the new covenant, if we are but favouredwith a living faith in an incarnate

God, is then experimentally as well as eternally ours.

 

The last acts of the suffering obedience of our adorable Redeemer are

couched in the words of the apostle, "And became obedient unto death, even

the death of the cross." #Php 2:8 The death of Christ was the fulfilment of

the purpose for which he came into the world, which was, "to give himself

for us an offering and a sacrifice to God for a sweet-smelling savour." #Eph

5:2 "Now once in the end of the world hath he appeared, to put away sin by

the sacrifice of himself." #Heb 9:26 The sufferings, bloodshedding, and

death of the Lord Jesus Christ were a sacrifice offered for sin, and are

therefore spoken of as a propitiation #Ro 3:25 1Jo 2:2 4:10 and an

atonement. #Ro 5:11 But in a sacrifice two things are absolutely necessary:

1. That the blood of the victim should he shed, for "without shedding of

blood is no remission:" "It is the blood that maketh an atonement for the

soul;" #Le 17:11; and 2. That the victim should die; for death being the

penalty of disobedience, #Ge 2:17 Eze 18:4, the sacrifice offered as an

atonement for sin cannot be complete without the death of the victim. In the

sacrifice of himself, offering up his sacred humanity on the altar of his

Deity, the blessed Lord accomplished these two essentials of a propitiatory

offering.

 

1. His blood was shed upon the cross - the actual living blood of his sacred

humanity. It is therefore called "the precious blood of Christ as of a lamb

without blemish and without spot," #1Pe 1:19, and "his own blood." #Ac 20:28

Heb 9:12. It was precious as flowing from his sacred humanity; precious, as

stamped with all the validity and merit of Deity; precious in the sight of

God as a sweetsmelling savour; and precious in the hearts of his people as

cleansing them from all sin. Sin is an evil so dreadful, so hateful and

abhorrent to his righteous character, so provoking to his justice and

holiness, that God could not pardon it unless an atonement were made

adequate to its fearful magnitude. Thousands of rams and ten thousands of

rivers of oil could not atone for sin. Did all men consent to give their

firstborn for their transgression, the fruit of their body for the sin of

their soul, #Mic 6:7, all could not suffice to outweigh the magnitude or

sin. Lebanon is not sufficient for a burnt offering. Nothing short of the

blood of the only-begotten Son of God could be an atonement of sufficient

worth, of equivalent value.

 

2. But the death of the victim was also required. He who freely and

voluntarily stood in the sinner's place must die in his room, or the

substitution could not be effectual Here then, we see the mystery of the

death of Jesus. There was no natural mortality {1} in that sacred humanity

which the Lord assumed in the womb of the Virgin. And yet he took a nature

which could die by a voluntary act. The whole of his obedience in his state

of humiliation was voluntary. Therefore the last act of it was as voluntary

as the first the death on the cross as much as the assumption in the Virgin.

The Lord's own words are decisive here: "Therefore doth my Father love me,

because I lay down my life that I may take it again. No man taketh it from

me, but I lay it down of myself. I have power to lay it down, and I have

power to take it again. This commandment have I received of my Father." #Joh

10:17,18.

 

The very merit of his obedience unto death whereby it became capable of

being imputed for righteousness to the church of God consisted mainly in two

things: the dignity of the obedient Sufferer and the voluntariness of the

sacrifice as an act of obedience to the will of God. Had our blessed Lord

not been God, and that as the eternal Son of God, There would have been no

merit in his sufferings, bloodshedding, and death. As the brightness of God'

s glory and the express image of his Person, as his co-eternal Son he

thought it not robbery - no unhallowed, disallowable claim, to be equal with

God; #Php 2:6; and therefore the very infinity of Deity itself attached to

his words and works so as to stamp efficacious merit upon them. It was not

because his humanity was perfect that it was meritorious. Had his humanity

been as perfect as it was, if Deity were not in conjunction with it, no

merit could have been attached to it any more than there was merit in the

obedience of Adam, or in that of an angel. But being God as well as man, the

merit of Deity was stamped upon all the acts of the obedient suffering

humanity, so that, as we have sometimes said, Godhead was in every drop of

his precious blood.

 

Again, if the life of the blessed Lord had been violently taken away,

contrary to his will, where would have been the obedience unto death? Had he

been killed, so to speak, by the cross - had died because he could not help

dying, had his life been violently torn from him, where would have been the

laying down of his life as the last act of his voluntary obedience? What

power could man have had over him? Had he so willed, he could have freed

himself from the hands of his enemies. Therefore he said unto Pilate, "Thou

couldest have no power at all against me except it were given thee from

above." #Joh 19:11 And again, "Thinkest thou that I cannot pray to my

Father, and he shall presently give me more than twelve legions of angels?"

#Mt 26:53 When, then, the band of men and officers from the chief priests

came to take him with lanterns, and torches, and weapons, he freely "went

forth" to yield himself up; but when he said, "I am he," or rather, as the

words literally mean, "I AM," the glory of his eternal Deity so flashed

forth, that "they went backward, and fell to the ground." #Joh 18:3-6

 

Thus truly was he "brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before

her shearers is dumb, so he openeth not his mouth." #Isa 53:7 What heart can

conceive, what tongue express what his holy soul endured when "the Lord laid

upon him the iniquities of us all"? In the garden of Gethsemane, what a load

of guilt, what a weight of sin, what an intolerable burden of the wrath of

God did that sacred humanity endure, until the pressure of sorrow and woe

forced the drops of blood to fall as sweat from his brow. The human nature,

in its weakness recoiled, as it were, from the cup of anguish put into his

hand. His body could scarce bear the load that pressed him down; his soul,

under the waves and billows of God's wrath, sank in deep mire where there

was no standing, and came into deep waters where the floods overflowed him.

#Ps 69:1,2 And how could it be otherwise when that sacred humanity was

enduring all the wrath of God, suffering the very pangs of hell, and wading

in all the depths of guilt and terror? When the blessed Lord was made sin

(or a sin-offering) for us, he endured in his holy soul all the pangs of

distress, horror, alarm, misery, and guilt that the elect would have felt in

hell for ever; and not only as any one of them would have felt, but as the

collective whole would have experienced under the outpouring of the

everlasting wrath of God. The anguish, the distress, the darkness, the

condemnation, the shame, the guilt, the unutterable horror, that any or all

of his quickened family have ever experienced under a sense of God's wrath,

the curse of the law, and the terrors of hell, are only faint, feeble

reflections of what the Lord felt in the garden and on the cross; for there

were attendant circumstances in his case which are not, and indeed cannot be

in theirs, and which made the distress and agony of his holy soul, both in

nature and degree, such as none but he could feel or know.

 

He as the eternal Son of God, who had lain in his bosom before all worlds,

had known all the blessedness and happiness of the love and favour of the

Father - his own Father, shining upon him, for he was "by him as one brought

up with him, and was daily his delight, rejoicing always before him." #Pr

8:30 When, then, instead of love he felt his displeasure, instead of the

beams of his favour he experienced the frowns and terrors of his wrath,

instead of the light of his countenance he tasted the darkness and gloom of

desertion - what heart can conceive, what tongue express the bitter anguish

which must have wrung the soul of our suffering Surety under this agonising

experience? {2} A few drops of the wrath of God let down into the conscience

of a child of God have made many a living soul cry out, "While I suffer thy

terrors I am distracted; thy fierce wrath goeth over me; thy terrors have

cut me off." #Ps 88:15,16 But what is all that Job, Heman, Jeremiah, or

Jonah experienced, compared with the floods of anguish and terror which all

but overwhelmed the soul of our blessed Lord? We therefore read of him in

the garden, when the first pangs of his agony came on, that he "began to be

sore amazed, and to be very heavy;" and this made him say to his three

disciples, who were to be eye-witnesses of his sufferings, #1Pe 5:1, "My

soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death." #Mr 14:33,34 So great was

that load that his human nature must have sunk beneath the weight his body

and soul been rent asunder, but for four sustaining props: the power of his

Deity, for though that purposely did not display its strength, it remained

in firm union with his sacred humanity; the help and support of the Holy

Ghost sustaining his human nature under the load laid upon it; the joy set

before him, which enabled him in the prospect to endure the cross, despising

the shame; #Heb 12:2; and the strengthening of the ministering angel sent

from heaven. #Lu 22:43 Thus supported and sustained, our gracious Redeemer

sank not in the deep waters, but, as our great High Priest, "offered up

prayers and supplications, with strong crying and tears, unto him that was

able to save him from death, and was heard in that he feared" #Heb 5:7 not

as some have foolishly thought and said, fearing the miscarrying of his

undertaking, or that he should sink into hell, but because he feared his

heavenly Father with the reverence of a Son <>{3} for filial fear, with

every other grace, was in the heart of Jesus as his treasure. #Isa 11:2,3

 

Let us ever bear in mind that the sufferings of the holy soul of Jesus were

as real, that is, as really felt, as the sufferings of his sacred body, and

a thousand times more intense and intolerable. Though beyond description

painful and agonising, yet the sufferings of the body were light indeed

compared with the sufferings of the soul. It is so with the saints of God

themselves, when the Lord lays judgment to the line and righteousness to the

plummet in their conscience, and lets down a sense of his anger and

displeasure into their soul. What is all bodily suffering compared to a

sense of God's displeasure and the arrows of his wrath sticking in the

conscience? So it was with our great High Priest, when both as sacrificer

and sacrificed, alike priest and victim, he was bound with the cords of love

and obedience to the horns of the altar. #Ps 118:27 Surely never was there

such a pang since the foundations of the earth were laid as that which rent

and tore the soul of the Redeemer when the last drop of agony was poured

into the already overflowing cup, and he cried out, "My God, my God, why

hast thou forsaken me?" Nature herself sympathised with his sorrow, and was

moved at his cry, for the earth shook, the sun withdrew his light, and the

graves yielded up their dead. Yet thus was redemption's work accomplished,

sin atoned for and blotted out, the wrath of God appeased, everlasting

righteousness brought in, and the church for ever reconciled and saved.

 

When, then, the Lord had been fully baptized with his baptism of suffering

and blood, when he had drunk the cup of sorrow and anguish to its last

dregs, and had rendered all the obedience which the law demanded and the

will of God required he cried out with a loud voice that heaven and earth

might hear, "It is finished!" and then, and not till then, he meekly bowed

his head, laid down his life, as the last act of his voluntary, suffering

obedience, and gave up the ghost. Footnotes: <>{1} Though we have in our

preceding chapters used the word "immortal" as applicable to the sacred

humanity of the blessed Lord, we are well aware that it is a term not fully

appropriate; for the word "immortal" strickly means "not capable of death."

And is in this sense applied to the soul of man as not only not dying with

the body, but not capable of dying.

 

In this sense, the humanity of the blessed Lord was not immortal, for it

could and did die. If such a word were admissible, "unmortal," or

"non-mortal," would be a preferable term - denying that it was mortal, and

yet not asserting that it could not die. The main difficulty arises from the

inherent defect of human language as applied to heavenly mysteries. The mind

naturally contemplates only two states of existence: 1. What must

necessarily die; and, 2. What cannot possibly die. The first it terms

"mortal," the second it calls, "immortal." A third idea, that of a body

which does not necessarily die, and yet is capable of dying, as being a

conception lying out of its reach, it has invented no word properly to

express.

 

{2} Those who deny the eternal Sonship of Jesus rob him of his grace as well

as of his glory, by diminishing his sufferings, and thus really strip away

the greatness, and consequently much of the merit of his sacrifice. It was

because he was God's own true and proper Son he so deeply, so keenly felt

his wrathful displeasure. A Son by office, by mere name - without any filial

relationship but a bare title which might have been any other - could not

feel towards his adopted Father what the true, the proper, the only-begotten

Son of God felt to his heavenly Father. One error always lets in another,

and thus we see that the denial of the eternal Sonship of Christ lowers and

disparages the greatness and consequently the merit of the atonement. Let

the deniers of the eternal Sonship look to this.

 

{3} The margin reads, "for his piety." but the truer and more literal

meaning is, "on account of his reverential fear" "Had God in honour"-Luther

 

Please direct your comments to Mike Krall.

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