The Kabardian Language: A Bibliography
(In Western European Languages. Arranged alphabetically according to the title)

Collected and Prepared
by
Amjad Jaimoukha

  1. A COMPARISON WITH KABARDIAN [WORD XXI, 1965, PP. 86-101], E. G. ? PULLEYBLANK. {TECHNICAL MATERIAL. MENTIONS KUIPERS' WORK}
  2. A CONTRIBUTION TO THE ANALYSIS OF THE QABARDIAN LANGUAGE. AERT H. KUIPERS. A DOCTORAL DISSERTATION, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, 1951. {FOR AN ENLARGED VERSION OF THIS WORK, REFER TO PHONEME AND MORPHEME IN KABARDIAN (EASTERN CIRCASSIAN), BY SAME AUTHOR, BELOW}
  3. ACOUSTIC FEATURES OF CERTAIN CONSONANTS AND CONSONANT CLUSTERS IN KABARDIAN [BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES (BSOAS), 33, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON, 1970, PP. 92-106], E. J. A. HENDERSON.
  4. ADAPTIVE SIGNIFICANCE OF GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURE. JOHN COLARUSSO. ?. (68 PAGES).
  5. A DICTIONARY OF PROTO-CIRCASSIAN ROOTS. A[ERT] H[ENDRIK] KUIPERS. THE PETER DE RIDDER PRESS PUBLICATIONS ON NORTH CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES, 1. LISSE / NETHERLANDS, 1975. (93 PAGES. 30 cm.). {"THIS DICTIONARY OF PROTO-CIRCASSIAN ELEMENTS IS MEANT TO BE A CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS ESTABLISHING STRICT SOUND-CORRESPONDENCES BETWEEN THE NORTH-WEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES: CIRCASSIAN, UBYKH AND ABKHAZ. A RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PROTO-CIRCASSIAN SOUND SYSTEM WAS CARRIED OUT BY THE AUTHOR IN PROTO CIRCASSIAN PHONOLOGY: AN ESSAY IN RECONSTRUCTION, 1963  (SEE BELOW). THE NEXT STEP, TAKEN HERE, IS TO PRESENT A LARGE NUMBER OF ELEMENTS FOR WHICH THE PROTO-CIRCASSIAN FORM CAN BE ESTABLISHED. THESE WILL ALLOW COMPARISON WITH UBYKH AND ABKHAZ." THE CIRCASSIAN LANGUAGES USED ARE KABARDIAN, BZHADUGH AND TEMIRGOI. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON P. 8}
  6. A DICTIONARY OF THE CIRCASSIAN LANGUAGE: CONTAINING ALL THE MOST NECESSARYWORDS FOR THE TRAVELLER, THE SOLDIER, AND THE SAILOR: WITH THE EXACT PRONUNCIATION OF EACH WORD IN THE ENGLISH CHARACTER. LOUIS LOEWE. BOUND WITH THE PHILOLOGICAL SOCIETY'S PROCEEDINGS, Vol. VI, 8 Vo., LONDON: G. BELL, 1854. / UNI. MAN. {ENGLISH-CIRCASSIAN-TURKISH DICTIONARY}
  7. A FORTRESS OF LANGUAGES: THE CAUCASUS. NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY, CARTOGRAPHIC DIVISION. WASHINGTON D.C.: NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY, 1996.
  8. AGENTIVITY AND ERGATIVITY IN CIRCASSIAN. RIEKS SMEETS. ?
  9. A GRAMMAR OF THE KABARDIAN LANGUAGE. JOHN COLARUSSO. CALGARY: UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY PRESS, 1992. (XXIII+231 PAGES. ISBN 0919813968 m; 0919813992 v CASED). {GO TO 'A GRAMMAR OF THE KABARDIAN LANGUAGE' PAGE FOR DETAILS ON THE WORK AND HOW TO ORDER. REVIEWED BY BERNARD COMRIE IN CANADIAN JOURNAL OF LINGUISTICS (0008-4131), Vol. 40, No. 3, SEPTEMBER 1995, P. 351 ff.}
  10. AWARISCH X, TSCHERKESSISCH L UND DER BASKISCHE RHOTAZISMUS [ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHONETIK UND ALLGEMEINE SPRACHWISSENSCHAFT, IV, BERLIN, 1952, P. 252 ff.], KARL BOUDA.
  11. BASKISCH-KAUKASISCHE ETYMOLOGIEN. KARL BOUDA. HEIDELBERG, 1949. {REVIEWED IN NTS 17, 1959}
  12. BASKISCH UND KAUKASISCH [ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHONETIC UND ALLGEMEINE SPRACHWISSENSCHAFT, II, BERLIN, 1948, P. 182 ff. AND 336 ff.], KARL BOUDA.
  13. ? BASQUE AND TCHERKESS [BEDI KARTLISA (BK), 37, 1979, PP. 33-55], CATHERINE PARIS.
  14. BASQUE ET CAUCASIQUE DU NORD-OUEST. EXAMEN DE RAPPROCHEMENTS LEXICAUX RECEMMENT PROPOSES [JOURNAL ASIATIQUE (JA), 259, 1971, PP. 139-161], GEORGES DUMEZIL. {BASQUE AND NORTH-WEST CAUCASIAN}
  15. BEITRAGE ZUR ERFORSCHUNG DES BASKISCHEN WORTSCHATZES [PUBLIC. DE LA SOCIEDAD VASCONGADA DE AMIGOS DEL PAIS, I, SAINT SEBASTIEN, 1954], KARL BOUDA.
  16. BEITRAGE ZUR KAUKASISCHEN UND SIBIRISCHEN SPRACHWISSENSCHAFT. KARL BOUDA (1901-). ABHANDLUNGEN FUR DIE KUNDE DES MORGENLANDES Bd. XXII, 4, etc. LEIPZIG: F. A. BROCKHAUS, 1937-. (24 cm.).
  17. CAUCASIAN. A. H. KUIPERS. PP. 315-44 IN CURRENT TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS. T. SEBEOK (Ed.). 1963.
  18. CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES. BRIAN GEORGE HEWITT. IN THE LANGUAGES OF THE SOVIET UNION. BERNARD COMRIE (Ed.). CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1981. CHAPTER 5, PP. 196-237.
  19. CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES. TH. V. GAMKRELIDZE AND T. E. GUDAVA. PAGES 1011-15 IN ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA, MACROPEDIA, Vol. 3,1979.
  20. CAUCASIAN PERSPECTIVES. [BRIAN] GEORGE HEWITT (Ed.). MUNCHEN: LINCOM EUROPA, 1992. (IV, 406 PAGES. 21cm. 3929075016). {ARTICLES IN ENGLISH, FRENCH, GERMAN AND RUSSIAN. INCLUDES BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES}
  21. CAUCASIAN TYPOLOGY AS AN AID TO THE RECONSTRUCTION OF PROTO-INDO-EUROPEAN [FOLIA SLAVICA, Vol. 5, Nos. 1-3 (in one cover), 1982], KARL HORST SCHMIDT. {Vol. TITLE: PAPERS FROM THE SECOND CONFERENCE ON THE NON-SLAVIC LANGUAGES OF THE USSR, UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, APRIL 28-29, 1981. HOWARD I. ARONSON AND BILL J. DARDEN (Eds.). COLUMBUS, OHIO: SLAVICA PUBLISHERS}
  22. CAUCASIEN DU NORD ET CAUCASIEN DU SUD. GEORGES DUMEZIL. CONFERENCE DE L'INSTITUT DE LINGUISTIQUE DE L'UNIVERSITE DE PARIS, II, 1934.
  23. CAUCASIQUE DU NORD-OUEST ET PARLERS SCYTHIQUES [ANNALI DE L'ISTITUTO ORIENTALE DI NAPOLI (AION), (SEZIONE LINGUISTICA), V, 1963, PP. 5-18], GEORGES DUMEZIL. {NORTH-WEST CAUCASIAN AND THE SCYTHIAN LANGUAGES}
  24. CERKESSISCH-OSSETISCHE LEHNBEZICHUNGEN [ZEITSCHRIFT FUR VERGLEICHENDE SPRACHFORSCHUNG AUF DEM GEBIETE DER INDOGERMANISCHEN SPRACHEN, NEUE FOLGE, 65 BAND, 3/4 HAFT., 1938, P. 177 ff.], KARL BOUDA. {COMPARISON OF CIRCASSIAN AND OSSETIAN WORDS}
  25. CHATTSKIJ I ABCHAZO-ADYGSKIJ [ROCZNIK ORIENTALISTYCZNY, Vol. 49, No. 1, 1994, PP. 15-23], JAN BRAUN.
  26. CIRCASSIAN MORPHOLOGY: ON (FOUR MORE) STATIVE VERBS. RIEKS SMEETS. ?
  27. CIRCASSIAN MORPHOLOGY: PERSONAL AND DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS. RIEKS SMEETS. ?
  28. CIRCASSIAN /-qa-/ MEETS SEMANTIC ALGEBRA AND ERGATIVITY [FOLIA SLAVICA, Vol. 7, Nos. 1-2 (in one cover),1984, PP. 49-90], JOHN COLARUSSO. {Vol. TITLE:  PAPERS FROM THE THIRD CONFERENCE ON THE NON-SLAVIC LANGUAGES OF THE USSR, UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, MARCH 23-25, 1983. HOWARD ARONSON (Ed.). COLUMBUS, OHIO: SLAVICA PUBLISHERS}
  29. CLASS INFLECTION AND RELATED CATEGORIES IN THE CAUCASUS. K. H. SCHMIDT. IN NON-SLAVIC LANGUAGES OF THE USSR: PAPERS FROM THE FOURTH CONFERENCE. HOWARD I. ARONSON (Ed.). SLAVICA PUBLISHERS, INC., 1994.
  30. COLLECTION LINGUISTIQUE, XVI, 1924, PP. 327-342. {INCLUDES MAP}
  31. COMMON WEST CAUCASIAN. THE RECONSTRUCTION OF ITS PHONOLOGICAL SYSTEM AND PARTS OF ITS LEXICON AND MORPHOLOGY. VIACHESLAV CHIRIKBA. LEIDEN, THE NETHERLANDS: RESEARCH SCHOOL CNWS, 1996.
  32. COMPARAISON DES SYSTEMES PHONOLOGIQUES DES LANGUES CAUCASIENNES ET AMERICAINES [LINGUA POSNANIENSIS, V, 1955, P. 136 ff.], T. MILEWSKI.
  33. COMPARATIVE GRAMMAR OF THE HITTITE LANGUAGE. STURTEVANT, 1933. ?
  34. ? COMPARISON OF CIRCASSIAN, ABKHAZ AND OUBYKH [BULLETIN DE LA SOCIETE LINGUISTIQUE DE PARIS (BSL), 64, 1969/1 (1970), PP. 104-183], CATHERINE PARIS. {VERY INFORMATIVE}
  35. ? COMPARISON OF TIBETAN AND CAUCASIAN WORDS [LINGUA II, 1949, PP. 140-169], KARL BOUDA.
  36. COMPLEMENTATION IN THE NORTHWEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES. K. VAMLING AND M. KUMAKHOV. IN COMPLEMENTATION IN THE LANGUAGES OF EUROPE. N. VINCENT AND K. ?BARJARS (Eds.). BERLIN: MOUTON DE GRUYTER, 1998.
  37. COMPLEMENT TYPES IN KABARDIAN. M. KUMAKHOV & K. VAMLING. WORKING PAPERS 40, LUND UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS, 1993, PP. 115-131.
  38. CONSONANTS WITH ADVANCED TONGUE ROOT IN THE NORTHWEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES. JOHN COLARUSSO. PP. 153-61 IN NELS V, PAPERS FROM THE FIFTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE NORTH EAST LINGUISTIC SOCIETY. ELLEN KAISSE AND JORGE HANKAMER (Eds.). HARVARD UNIVERSITY: LINGUISTICS DEPARTMENT.
  39. CONTE POPULAIRE EN DIALECTE BESNEY (TCHERKESSE ORIENTAL). [BEDI KARTLISA (BK), XXXIV, PARIS, 1976, PP. 24-32], CATHERINE PARIS. / MY COLLECTION. {"AVEC TRADUCTION, NOTES GRAMMATICALES ET VOCABULAIRE. CE TEXTE FUT RECUEILLI DANS LE VILLAGE DE SOGUT YOLU KOYU (OU ZENNUN OU, DE SON NOM TCHERKESSE, DANUN) DE LA REGION DE CORUM EN ANATOLIE, AU MOIS DE JUILLET 1969. IL FUT RACONTE PAR Mme RABIYE ASLANBEK AGEE ALORS DE 42 ANS, ET REVU, EN 1970, PAR M. ORHAN ALPARSLAN."}
  40. CONTE POPULAIRE EN DIALECTE BESNEY (TCHERKESSE ORIENTAL). (SUITE) [idem. , 255-309], CATHERINE PARIS. / MY COLLECTION. {WITH BESLANAY-FRENCH DICTIONARY OF ALMOST 900 WORDS}
  41. CORRESPONDENCES BASQUES-CAUCASIQUES [EUSKO-JAKINTZA, II, 1948, P. 359 ff.], RENE LAFON.
  42. DAS NORD- UND OSTLICHE THEIL VON EUROPA UND ASIA. PHILIPP JOHANN VON STRAHLENBERG, 1730. STOCKHOLM: IN VERLEGUNG DES AUCTORIS. REPRINTED IN 1975 WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY J. R. KRUEGER. SZEGED: UNIVERSITAS SZEGEDIENSIS DE ATTILA JO\'ZSEF NOMINATA. [STUDIA URALO-ALTAICA 8].
  43. DAS TSCHERKESSISCHE [SPRACHKUNDE, 1941, No. 3, P. 4 ff.], KARL BOUDA.
  44. DERIVATION OF CIRCASSIAN WORDSTOCK. VACLAV A. CERNY. ASIAN AND AFRICAN LANGUAGES {300}, PP. 78-106. DISSERTATIONES ORIENTALES 34, 1974, P. 209.
  45. DICTIONARIUM KABARDICO-HUNGARO-LATINUM. G. BALINT, KOLOSZVAR, 1904.
  46. DICTIONARY OF KABARDIAN ANTONYMS. HASAN SIQUN AND HASHEM TALOSTAN. AMMAN, 1988. {CAN BE ORDERED THROUGH THE CIRCASSIAN CHARITY ASSOCIATION IN JORDAN}
  47. DICTIONARY OF KABARDIAN INVERTED WORDS. HASAN SIQUN. AMMAN, 1988. {CAN BE ORDERED THROUGH THE CIRCASSIAN CHARITY ASSOCIATION}
  48. DIE KAUKASISCHEN SPRACHEN. G. A. KLIMOV. HAMBURG: HELMUT BUSKE VERLAG, 1969. (TRANSLATED BY W. BOEDER).
  49. DIE KAUKASISCHEN SPRACHEN [HANDBUCH DER ORIENTALISTIK, 1. ABT., 7. BD., ARMENISCH UND KAUKASISCHE SPRACHEN, LEIDEN-KOLN: BRILL, 1963, PP. 1-79], GERHARD DEETERS. {SEE REVIEW OF THIS WORK BELOW: "REVIEW OF GERHARD DEETERS' ...",  BY HANS VOGT}
  50. DIE KAUKASISCHEN SPRACHPROBEN IN EVLUJA CELEBI'S SEYAHETNAME [CAUCASICA, 11], ROBERT BLEICHSTEINER.
  51. DIE KAUKASISCHE SPRACHGRUPPE [ANTHROPOS, XXXII, VIENNA, 1937, P. 61 ff.], R[OBERT] BLEICHSTEINER.
  52. DIE PAKHY-SPRACHE. J. VON MESZAROS. CHICAGO: THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, 1934.
  53. DIE PAKHY-SPRACHE [OLZ, 1936, No. 4, Col. 250], J. VON MESZAROS. (MONOGRAPH).
  54. DIE SPRACHEN DES KAUKASISCHEN STAMMES. R. VON ERCKERT. VIENNA, 1895.
  55. DIE SPRACHWISSENSCHAFT DES TSCHERKESSISCHEN. EINLEITUNG UND LAUTLEHRE. SHAWKET MUFTI (HABZOQA). HEIDELBERG: CARL WINTER, UNIVERSITATSVERLAG, 1978. (XVI, 292 PAGES. 20 cm.). {INCLUDES BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES}
  56. DIE TIBETISCH-KAUKASISCHE SPRACHVERWANDSCHAFT [LINGUA, II, HAARLEM, 1950, P. 140 ff.], KARL BOUDA.
  57. DIE WERSCHIKISCH-BURISCHKISCHE SPRACHE IM PAMIRGEBIET UND IHRE STELLUNG ZU DEN JAPHETITENSPRACHEN DES KAUKASUS [WIENER BEITRAGE ZUR KULTURGESCHICHTE UND LINGUISTIK, I, 1930, P. 289 ff.], R. BLEICHSTEINER.
  58. DOCUMENTS ANATOLIENS SUR LES LANGUES ET LES TRADITIONS DU CAUCASE, I. GEORGES DUMEZIL. BIBLIOTHEQUE ARCHEOLOGIQUE ET HISTORIQUE DE L'INSTITUT FRANCAIS D'ARCHEOLOGIE D'ISTANBUL, IX, PARIS: MAISONNEUVE, 1960. 115 P. {ANATOLIAN DOCUMENTS ON THE LANGUAGES AND TRADITIONS OF THE CAUCASUS. CONTENTS: INTRODUCTION; TEXTES OUBYKHS; REVISION DES PUBLICATIONS OUBYKHS, 1955-1959; LES PROVERBS OUBYKHS DE J. VON MESZAROS; DEUX VARIANTES TCHERKESSES SUR LE NARTE SAWSEREQWA, PP. 91-107}
  59. DOCUMENTS ANATOLIENS SUR LES LANGUES ET LES TRADITIONS DU CAUCASE, II. TEXTES OUBYKHS. GEORGES DUMEZIL. TRAVAUX ET MEMOIRES DE L'INSTITUT D'ETHNOLOGIE, LXV, PARIS, 1962. (PP. XII, 196). {24 UBYKH TEXTS}
  60. DOCUMENTS ANATOLIENS SUR LES LANGUES ET LES TRADITIONS DU CAUCASE, III. NOUVELLES ETUDES OUBYKH: NOTES POUR UN CENTENAIRE. GEORGES DUMEZIL. TRAVAUX ET MEMOIRES DE L'INSTITUT D'ETHNOLOGIE, LXXI, PARIS, 1965. {PP. 177-196, "FEERIE, TEXTE TCHERKESSE OCCIDENTAL".  PP. 197-259, REVISIONS DU DICTIONNAIRE DE LA LANGUE OUBYKH DE HANS VOGT (OSLO, 19630). THIS MONUMENTAL WORK PROVIDES UBYKH TEXTS ON THE HISTORY OF THE RUSSIAN WARS, THE UBYKHS' EXILE AND RE-SETTLEMENT IN TURKEY, THEIR LITERATURE AND FOLKLORE. IT IS THANKS TO PROFESSOR DUMEZIL'S WORK THAT THE LANGUAGE OF THE UBYKH HAS BEEN RECORDED AND THEREFORE NOT BECOME TOTALLY EXTINCT. THE INTRODUCTION 'NOTES POUR UN CENTENAIRE' GIVES A POIGNANT HISTORY OF THE UBYKHS' LAST STAND AGAINST THE RUSSIAN ARMY ON THE BEACHES OF THE BLACK SEA -- THE LAST THREE COMMENTS WERE TAKEN FROM BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS BARRIER. MARIE BENNIGSEN-BROXUP (Ed.). LONDON: HURST & COMPANY, 1996. 2nd IMPRESSION.}
  61. EINFUHRUNG IN DAS STUDIUM DER KAUKASISCHEN SPRACHEN. ADOLF DIRR. LEIPZIG: VERLAG DER ASIA MAJOR, 1928.
  62. EINFUHRUNG IN DIE KAUKASISCHE SPRACHWISSENSCHAFT. GEORGIJ A. KLIMOV. HAMBURG: HELMUT BUSKE VERLAG, 1994. (405 PAGES. ISBN 3 87548 060 0).
  63. ELEMENTARE TSCHERKESSISCHE TEXTE [CAUCASICA, XI, LEIPZIG, 1934, PP. 68-83], GERHARD DEETERS.
  64. ELEMENTI PER UNO STUDIO LINGUISTICO E POLITICO DEL CAUCASO. AMIDEI B. BARBIELLINI. NAPLES, 1938.
  65. ELIMINATION OF ILLITERACY AMONG THE PEOPLES WHO HAD NO ALPHABETS. G. P. SERDYUCHENKO. MOSCOW, COMMISSION FOR UNESCO, 1956.
  66. ENGLISH-CIRCASSIAN AND TURKISH DICTIONARY. LOUIS LOEWE. LONDON, 1885. {cf. A DICTIONARY OF THE CIRCASSIAN LANGUAGE ... BY SAME AUTHOR ABOVE}
  67. ENGLISH-KABARDIAN-RUSSIAN PHRASE DICTIONARY. A. G. EMOUZOV. NALCHIK, 1992. / MY COLLECTION. {"THE DICTIONARY CONTAINS MORE THAN 4200 ENTRIES OF ENGLISH PHRASEOLOGY WITH THEIR TRANSLATION INTO KABARDIAN AND RUSSIAN LANGUAGES. IN ADDITION, PROVERBS AND SAYINGS HAVE BEEN INCLUDED. IT IS INTENDED FOR THE LEARNERS OF EACH OF THE THREE LANGUAGES, FOR INTERPRETORS, STUDENTS AND TEACHERS OF PHILOLOGICAL DEPARTMENTS. IT CAN BE ALSO USEFUL FOR CONTRASTIVE STUDIES OF PHRASEOLOGY PROBLEMS"}
  68. ERGATIVE CASE IN THE CIRCASSIAN LANGUAGES. M. KUMAKHOV, K. VAMLING AND Z. KUMAKHOVA. WORKING PAPERS 45, LUND UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS, 1996, PP. 93-111.
  69. ERGATIVITY IN CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES [PAPERS OF 6th MEETING OF THE NORTHEAST LINGUISTIC SOCIETY, MONTREAL, 1976], JOHN C. CATFORD.
  70. ERGATIVITY IN CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES [RESOURCES IN EDUCATION, ERIC 112704, ARLINGTON, Va., JAN.-JUNE 1976], JOHN C. CATFORD.
  71. ESQUISSE DE TYPOLOGIE ACTANCIELLE DES LANGUES DU CAUCASE [EMPIRICAL APPROACHES TO LANGUAGE TYPOLOGY (ISSN 0933-761X), No. 2, 1998, P. 939 ff.], G. LAZARD.
  72. ETUDES BASQUES ET CAUCASIQUES [ACTA SALMATICENSIA V, SALAMANQUE, 1952, PP. 5-91], RENE LAFON.
  73. ETUDES COMPARATIVES SUR LES LANGUES CAUCASIENNES DU NORD-OUEST (MORPHOLOGIE). GEORGES DUMEZIL. PARIS: ADRIEN-MAISONNEUVE, 1932. {BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PP. 11-22. SEE TRUBETZKOY'S QUELQUES REMARQUES SUR LE LIVRE DE M. DUMEZIL 'ETUDES COMPARATIVES SUR LES LANGUES CAUCASIENNES DU NORD-OUEST IN ? LE MAITRE PHONETIQUE, 1942, AND REFER TO DUMEZIL'S RESPONSE IN REPONSES A DES REMARQUES DU PRINCE TRUBETZKOY. ?.}
  74. FAST VERSUS SLOW LANGUAGES: COMMENTS ON THE STRUCTURE OF DISCOURSE AND THE EVOLUTION OF LANGUAGE [PAPIERE ZUR LINGUISTIK 28, 1983, PP. 27-51], JOHN COLARUSSO.
  75. FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEMS IN PHONETICS. JOHN C. CATFORD. EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY PRESS, INDIANA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1977.
  76. GAB ES NOMINALKLASSEN IN ALLEN KAUKASISCHEN SPRACHEN? [COROLLA LINGUISTICA, WIESBADEN, 1955, P. 26 ff.], GERHARD DEETERS.
  77. GRUNDZUGE DER PHONOLOGIE. N. S. TRUBETZKOY. PRAGUE, 1939.
  78. HITTITE AND THE LARYNGEAL THEORY. T. V. GAMKRELIDZE. IN PRATIDANAM. THE HAGUE, 1968.
  79. HITTITE ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY, Vol. IV. JAAN PUHVEL.
  80. HITTITE LANGUAGE. HARRY A. HOFFNER, Jr. IN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEAR EASTERN ARCHAEOLOGY. E. M. MEYERS (Ed.). NEW YORK: OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1996.
  81. HOW TO DESCRIBE THE SOUNDS OF THE NORTHWEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES [FOLIA SLAVICA 9], JOHN COLARUSSO.
  82. id. JOHN COLARUSSO. IN NON-SLAVIC LANGUAGES OF THE USSR: PAPERS FROM THE FOURTH CONFERENCE. HOWARD I. ARONSON (Ed.). SLAVICA PUBLISHERS, INC., 1994.
  83. HOW TO WRITE YOUR OWN LANGUAGE. RIEKS SMEETS. 1979. MIMEOGRAPH, 10 PP.
  84. INCIPIENT BILINGUALISM [LANGUAGE, Vol. 37, No. 1, 1961, PP. 97-112], A. RICHARD DIEBOLD.
  85. INDICES PERSONNELS INTRAVERBAUX ET SYNTAXE DE LA PHRASE MINIMALE DANS LES LANGUES DU CAUCASEDU NORD-OUEST [BULLETIN DE LA SOCIETE DE LINGUISTIQUE DE PARIS (BSL), 64, 1969/I (1970),104-183], CATHERINE PARIS. / MY COLLECTION. {COMPARES THE INTERVERBAL PERSONAL INDICES AND THE SYNTAX OF THE MINIMAL PHRASE IN THE LANGUAGES OF THE NORTHWEST CAUCASUS: ADYGHE, ABKHAZ AND UBYKH. "LE PRESENT ESSAI SE PROPOSE D'ETUDIER CE QUI CONSTITUTE L'UNE DES PRINCIPALES CARACTERISTIQUES DU VERBE DES LANGUES DU CAUCASE DU NORD-OUEST (TCHERKESSE, OUBYKH, ABKHAZE), A SAVOIR: LA MARQUE OBLIGATOIRE, SOUS FORME D'"INDICES PERSONNELS", DE TOUTES LES PERSONNES PARTICIPANT A L'ACTION SIGNIFIEE PAR LA RACINE VERBALE. LA "FORME VERBALE" (RACINE, INDICES PERSONNELS ET, EVENTUELLEMENT, PREVERBES ET SUFFIXES) PEUT AINSI FONCTIONNER A ELLE SEULE COMME UNE PHRASE MINIMALE. MAIS LES INDICES PERSONNELS SONT, EN MEME TEMPS, DES SORTES D'ECHOS DE RELATIONS EXPRIMEES EGALEMENT A L'EXTERIEUR DE LA FORME VERBALE PAR DES MOTS AUTONOMES, SUJET ET COMPLEMENTS, DOTES, SELON L'INDICES PERSONNEL AUQUEL ILS SE REFERENT, D'UNE MARQUE FORMELLE (DE CAS EN TCHERKESSE ET EN OUBYKH, DE CLASSE EN ABKHAZE. ..." VERY IMPORTANT AND INTERESTING}
  86. INTRODUCCION A LA LINGUISTICA CAUCASICA [ACTA SALMATICENSIA FILOS. LET. 15 (1), 1960, PP. 5-90], KARL BOUDA.
  87. INTRODUCTION A LA GRAMMAIRE COMPAREE DES LANGUES CAUCASIENNES DU NORD. GEORGES DUMEZIL. BIBLIOTHEQUE DE L'INSTITUT FRANCAIS DE LENINGRAD, T. 14. PARIS, 1933. (XVI, 132 PAGES).
  88. IS KABARDIAN A VOWEL-LESS LANGUAGE? [FOUNDATION OF LANGUAGE (FL) - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE AND PHIILOSOPHY, 6, 1970, PP. 95-103], MORRIS HALLE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY. / MY COLLECTION. {AUTHOR CONTESTS KUIPERS' CLAIM IN HIS WORK PHONEME AND MORPHEME IN KABARDIAN THAT KABARDIAN IS A VOWEL-LESS LANGUAGE. HE ALSO CONTESTS ALLEN'S CLAIM IN HIS ARTICLE ON ONE-VOWEL SYSTEMS THAT THE NUMBER OF VOWELS IN THE ABAZA LANGUAGE CAN BE REDUCED TO ONE}
  89. JAPHETIC THEORY [L'ETHNOGRAPHIE, PARIS, 1931, N. S. No. 23, PP. 5-15].
  90. ? KABARDIAN [INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL AND ETHNIC SCIENCES, 3rd, BRUSSELS, 1948: TERVUREN, 1960, P.43], JOHN C. CATFORD.
  91. KABARDIAN [BULLETIN OF THE SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES (BSOAS), THE UNIVERSITY OF LONDON, 33, 1970, PP. 92-106], EUGENIE HENDERSON. {VERY SPECIALISED. 10 PLATES SHOW FREQUENCY SPECTRA OF SOME SOUNDS OF KABARDIAN}
  92. KABARDIAN-ARABIC DICTIONARY. HASAN H. SIQUN, NADIA H. KHUNAG AND FAHID M. QUSH-HA. AMMAN, 1988. {BASED ON BUBA KARDAN'S KABARDIAN-RUSSIAN DICTIONARY, MOSCOW, 1957. HAS SOME 3,000 ENTRIES, 155 PAGES}
  93. KABARDIAN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY. AMJAD MAHMOUD JAIMOUKHA. AMMAN: SANJALAY PRESS, 1997. {BASED ON KABARDIAN-RUSSIAN DICTIONARY. BUBA KARDANOV (Ed.), MOSCOW, 1957 AND OTHER LEXICAL MATERIALS. HAS 21,000 ENTRIES. DETAILS AVAILABLE IN THIS SITE} GO TO KABARDIAN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY PAGE FOR DETAILS
  94. KABARDIAN AND CHERKESS ORTHOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY. H. URISS AND L. ZAKHUOKH. NALCHIK: ELBRUS PRESS, 1982. (1134 PAGES). {HAS ABOUT 90,000 ENTRIES. SHOWS THE STRESS PATTERN ON ALL ENTRIES. VERY ESSENTIAL FOR STUDENTS, TEACHERS AND WRITERS}
  95. KABARDIAN AND CHERKESS ORTHOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY FOR STUDENTS. L. ZAKHUOKH. NALCHIK: ELBRUS PRESS, 1967, 1970.
  96. KABARDIAN AND VOWELLESS LANGUAGES. KEVIN TUITE, MONTREAL. PUBLISHED ON THE NET. {The idea that languages without vowels exist is an enduring urban myth, the linguistic equivalent of the crocodile in the sewer or the poodle in the microwave. Those who have made a careful study of allegedly vowelless languages now maintain that there simply isn't any such thing. One of the most actively discussed cases was the phonological system of Kabardian, one of the Northwest Caucasian (NWC) or Abxaz-Adyghean languages. After a lively exchange of articles between Aert Kuipers, Morris Halle and others, over the possibility of an adequate phonologization of NWC languages which made no use of vowel phonemes, more recent analyses (e.g. those of John Colarusso in Canada, Catherine Paris in Paris, and of the majority of indigenous specialists in the Caucasus itself) require at least two, sometimes three vowel phonemes -- or more accurately, clusters of vocalic features, to generate a surprisingly rich inventory of phonetic vowels. (Interested readers should consult Colarusso's recently-published Grammar of the Kabardian Language). By the way, I have heard several NWC languages spoken, including a bit of Kabardian, and none of them would give a naive listener the impression of vowellessness. They have nothing to compare to those celebrated Bella Coola or Wishram jawbreakers, which sound a bit as though the speaker was trying to whisper and eat granola at the same time. ... At the same time, as I read through some of the contributions to the Great Kabardian Debate, I was struck by just how close people like Kuipers got to their goal of eliminating vowels from the phonology. The arguments often hinged on the analysis of a handful of minimal pairs, which required an opposition of height or length. Were these lexical items -- some of them borrowings from Turkish or Arabic -- to be magically erased from the vocabulary, would we have to admit Kuiper's phonologization as adequate, and therefore a (phonemically) vowelless language as compatible with universal constraints on human phonological systems? I honestly don't know the answer, nor do I know enough NWC to attempt a thought-experiment along these lines (My field experience is to the southwest of NWC territory, in the Kartvelian-speaking highlands of Georgia). As some of you may know, Winfried Lehmann maintains in all seriousness that an anterior stage of Proto-Indo-European was phonemically vowelless, though equipped with a feature of sonority which triggered a vocalic realization of sonant phonemes. To sum up, I for one would prefer that we not rule out the POSSIBILITY of vowellessness, despite the absence of an attested example. A cautionary tale: A well-known syntactician once gave a paper demonstrating that languages with OSV and OVS word order were excluded by universal grammar. A missionary linguist, recently returned from South America, raised his hand and politely explained that such languages did indeed exist, but that all known examples were spoken by small indigenous communities in a little-explored region of northern Amazonia. One can only speculate on what linguistic diversity might have vanished without a trace in the Americas, Oceania -- or Europe, for that matter.}
  97. KABARDIAN NON-FINITE FORMS WITH ARBITRARY SUBJECT REFERENCE. M. KUMAKHOV & K. VAMLING. WORKING PAPERS, LUND UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS, 1994, PP. 75-83.
  98. KABARD NYELVTAN. G. BALINT, KOLOSZVAR, 1900.
  99. KAUKASISCHER EINFLUSS IN DEN FINNISCH-MAGYARISCHEN SPRACHEN [KELETI SZEMLE (BUDAPEST), I, 1900, PP. 39-49, 114-32, 205-18], B. MUNKACSI. {AIMS TO ESTABLISH PARALLELS BETWEEN THE FINNO-UGRIAN  AND CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES}
  100. KONTAKTBEDINGTER SPRACHWANDEL IN DER ADYGEISCHEN UMGANGSSPRACHE IN KAUKASUS UND IN DER TURKEI. MONIKA HOEHLIG. MUNCHEN: LINCOM EUROPA.
  101. KURZE UBERSICHT UBER DIE TSCHERKESSISCHEN (ADYGHEISCHEN) DIALEKTE UND SPRACHEN [CAUCASICA VI, No. 1, LEIPZIG, 1930, PP. 1-19], N. F. YAKOVLEV.
  102. LABIALIZATION IN CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ABKHAZ. JOHN C. CATFORD. PP. 679-82 IN PROCEEDINGS OF THE VIIth INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF PHONETIC SCIENCES. RIGAULT & CHARBONNEAU (Eds.). THE HAGUE-PARIS: MOUTON, 1972.
  103. LA LINGUISTIQUE. HOVELACQUE. {"ON A SOUVENT TENTE D'IDENTIFIER LES LANGUES DU CAUCASE AVEC LES LANGUES EUROPEENNES OU LES LANGUES SEMITIQUES, MAIS CELA A TOUJOURS ETE SANS SUCCES. NOUS PENSONS QU'IL FAUT LES REGARDER COMME COMLETEMENT DISTINCTES DES AUTRES GROUPES SEMITIQUES, MEME DU GROUPE OURALO-ALTAIQUE"}
  104. LANGUAGE AND SOCIETY: ANTHROPOLOGICAL ISSUES. WILLIAM McCORMACK AND STEPHEN A. WURM (Eds.). NEW YORK: MOUTON, 1979. {CONTAINS ARTICLE: UNIVERSAL LITERACY OF THE FORMERLY BACKWARD PEOPLES OF THE SOVIET UNION: A FACTOR OF THEIR SOCIAL SELF-AWARENESS, BY V. A. KUMANEV}
  105. LANGUAGE ASPECTS OF ETHNIC PATTERNS AND PROCESSES IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS. RONALD WIXMAN (1947-). UNIVERSITY OF OREGON. THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY, RESEARCH PAPER No. 191, 1980. (VIII, 243 PAGES. 23 cm. ISBN 0890650985). {EXTREMELY CRUCIAL WORK FOR RESEARCH AND STOCK-TAKING. HAS A VERY EXTENSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PP. 225-43}
  106. LANGUAGE CONTACT IN THE USSR: SOME PROSPECTS FOR LANGUAGE MAINTENANCE AMONG SOVIET MINORITY LANGUAGE GROUPS. PAUL RONDALL HALL. Ph.D. DISSERTATION, GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY, 1973.
  107. LANGUAGE OF DISSENT: LANGUAGE, ETHNIC IDENTITY, AND BILINGUAL EDUCATION POLICY IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS. EVE RACHEL GREENFIELD. DISSERTATION IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE MASTER OF ARTS DEGREE, RUSSIAN AND EAST EUROPEAN INSTITUTE, INDIANA UNIVERSITY, MAY 1996.
  108. LANGUAGE PLANNING IN THE SOVIET UNION. MICHAEL KIRKWOOD (Ed.). LONDON: MACMILLAN, 1989.
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  111. LANGUAGES AND PEOPLES OF THE USSR. VLADIMIR ROGOV. MOSCOW: NOVOSTI PRESS AGENCY PUBLISHING HOUSE, 1966.
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  113. LANGUAGES OF THE NORTHWEST CAUCASUS. JOHN COLARUSSO. IN THE LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES OF THE NON-RUSSIAN PEOPLES OF THE SOVIET UNION. HAMILTON, 1977.
  114. LANGUAGES OF THE U.S.S.R. WILLIAM KLEESMAN MATTHEWS. CAMBRIDGE: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1951. {CAUCASIAN BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PP. 142-151}
  115. LANGUES CAUCASIENNES. GEORGES DUMEZIL. P. 227 ff. IN LES LANGUES DU MONDE. A. MEILLET ET M. COHEN (Eds.). PARIS, 1952.
  116. LA PARENTE DES LANGUES DU CAUCASE [NORSK TIDSSKRIFT FOR SPROGVIDENSKAP, XII, OSLO, 1942, P. 243 ff.], H. VOGT.
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  122. LE BASQUE ET LES LANGUES CAUCASIQUES [WORD, 8, 1952], RENE LAFON.
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  124. LE GARCON ADOPTIF [BEDI KARTLISA (BK), 38, 1980, PP.198-232], CATHERINE PARIS.
  125. LE PAIN MINCE: TEXTE BESNEY (TCHERKESSE ORIENTAL)[BEDI KARTLISA, XXIX-XXX, 1972, PP. 64-74], CATHERINE PARIS.
  126. LE PARLER BESNEY (TCHERKESSE ORIENTAL) DE ZENNUN KOYU (CORUM, TURQUIE). I. ESQUISSE GRAMMATICALE [JOURNAL ASIATIQUE (JA), CCLI, 1963, PP. 337-382], ORHAN ALPARSLAN ET GEORGES DUMEZIL. {THE BESLANAY DIALECT OF EASTERN CIRCASSIAN IN TURKEY}
  127. LE PARLER BESNEY (TCHERKESSE ORIENTAL) DE ZENNUN KOYU (CORUM, TURQUIE). II. TEXTES FOLKLORIQUES. [JOURNAL ASIATIQUE (JA), CCLII, 1964, PP. 327-364], ORHAN ALPARSLAN ET GEORGES DUMEZIL. / MY COLLECTION. {CES TROIS RECITS ONT ETE DICTES A M. DUMEZIL PAR MEMDUH SAHIN A ZENNUN KOYU, EN JUIN ET JUILLET 1958. THREE BES(LA)NEY TEXTS. VERSIONS IN OTHER CIRCASSIAN DIALECTS ARE INCLUDED}
  128. LE PARLER BESNEY (TCHERKESSE ORIENTAL) DE ZENNUN KOYU (CORUM, TURQUIE). III. L'ISOLE, RECIT. [JOURNAL ASIATIQUE (JA), CCLIII, 1965, PP. 223-249], ORHAN ALPARSLAN ET GEORGES DUMEZIL. {THIS IS AN IMAGINARY TALE COMPOSED BY ORHAN ALPARSLAN IN ZENNUN KOYU, TURKEY. THERE IS A FRENCH TRANSLATION}
  129. LE PARLER BESNEY (TCHERKESSE ORIENTAL) DE ZENNUN KOYU (CORUM, TURQUIE). IV. L'ISOLE, RECIT (DEUXIEME PARTIE). [JOURNAL ASIATIQUE (JA), 259, 1971 (1972), PP. 163-213], ORHAN ALPARSLAN. / MY COLLECTION. {SECOND PART OF THE TALE}
  130. LE PROBLEME LINGUISTIQUE ET L'EVOLUTION DES NATIONALITES MUSULMANES EN U.R.S.S. [CAHIERS DU MONDE RUSSE ET SOVIETIQUE, Vol. 1, No. 3, 1960, PP. 418-465], ALEXANDRE BENNIGSEN.
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  132. LES FILS D'AVEUGLE [REVUE DE L'IHISTOIRE DES RELIGIONS (RHR), PARIS, CXVI, 1938, PP. 50-74; CXXIII, 1941, PP. 63-70; CXXVIII, PP. 42-43].
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  135. LE SYSTEME DU TCHERKESSE A TRAVERS SES DIALECTES: PHONOLOGIE, SYNTAXE, LEXIQUE. CATHERINE PARIS. UNIVERSITE DE LA SORBONNE NOUVELLE, PARIS III (THESE D'ETAT), PARIS, 1984.
  136. L'ETAT ACTUEL DES ETUDES LINGUISTIQUES CAUCASIENNES [ARCHIV ORIENTALNI (AO), XVIII, 1/2, PRAGUE, 1950, PP. 383-407], VACLAV POLAK. {CONTAINS MANY REFERENCES}
  137. L'ETAT ACTUEL DU PROBLEME DES ORIGINES DE LA LANGUE BASQUE [EUSKO-JAKINTZA, I, 1947, P. 35 ff., 151 ff.,505 ff.], RENE LAFO.
  138. L'EUSKARO-CAUCASIQUE. KARL BOUDA. IN HOMENAJE A DON JULIO DE URQUIJO, Vol. III, SAINT-SEBASTIEN, 1950.
  139. LEXICOGRAPHY OF THE CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES II: NORTHWEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES. BRIAN GEORGE HEWITT. IN DICTIONARIES. AN INTERNATIONAL ENCYCLOPEFIA OF LEXICOGRAPHY. FRANZ JOSEF HAUSMANN, OSKAR REICHMANN, HERBERT ERNST WIEGAND AND LADISLAV ZGUSTA (Eds.). BERLIN, NEW YORK. WALTER DE GRUYTER, 1991. THIRD VOLUME, PP. 2418-21. {MOST ENLIGHTENING ARTICLE ON THE DICTIONARIES OF KABARDIAN, ADIGHE, ABKHAZ AND  OTHER DIALECTS. THERE IS A LIST OF 14 NORTHWEST CAUCASIAN DICTIONARIES. "ABKHAZ-ABAZA, CIRCASSIAN AND UBYKH [=UBYX] ARE CHARACTERISED BY LARGE CONSONANTAL INVENTORIES (COUPLED WITH MINIMAL VOWEL-SYSTEMS), BY MAINLY MONOSYLLABIC ROOT-MORPHEMES, AND BY AN EXTREME POLYPERSONALISM WITHIN THE VERBAL SYSTEM, WHEREBY VIRTUALLY THE ENTIRE SYNTACTIC STRUCTURE OF THE CLAUSE IS RECAPITULATED IN THE VERBAL COMPLEX. THIS MAKES IT IMPOSSIBLE FOR ANY DICTIONARY OF MANAGEABLE PROPORTIONS TO LIST ALL POTENTIALLY OCCURRING VERB-FORMS (EVEN IF RESTRICTED UNIQUELY TO 3rd PERSON ILLUSTRATIONS, AS IN SOME SOVIET LEXICONS). BUT, SINCE MORPHOLOGICAL IRREGULARITY IS NOT TYPICAL OF THESE LANGUAGES, ONE CAN QUESTION WHETHER THERE IS ANY NEED TO INCLUDE SUCH ENTIRELY PREDICTABLE FORMATIONS AS REFLEXIVE, RECIPROCAL, BENEFACTIVE, POTENTIAL, CAUSATIVE, 'PARTICIPIAL' AND TENSE-MODAL FORMS FOR THE VERBS, AND (IN)DEFINITE AND/OR PLURAL FORMS FOR THE NOUNS. ... WITHIN THE USSR THE WEST CIRCASSIAN AND EAST CIRCASSIAN LITERARY LANGUAGES (BASED ON THE TEMIRGOI AND KABARDIAN DIALECTS RESPECTIVELY) HAVE, TOGETHER WITH ABAZA, BEEN WRITTEN WITH A CYRILLIC-BASED SCRIPT SINCE 1938 (1936 FOR KABARDIAN), THOUGH THERE IS OFTEN NO UNIFORM REPRESENTATION OF IDENTICAL SOUNDS. IN EACH CASE THE ONE ADDITIONAL LETTER IS THE OLD CYRILLIC CAPITAL I, WHICH MARKS ALL EJECTIVES IN TEMIRGOI, SOME EJECTIVES IN KABARDIAN AND EITHER EJECTIVITY OR PHARYNGAL ARTICULATION IN ABAZA: CYRILLIC ORDERING IS FOLLOWED. THE RICH CONSONANTISM OF THESE LANGUAGES CAN ONLY BE HANDLED IN THIS WAY BY THE USE OF DI- AND TRIGRAPHS, AND KABARDIAN EVEN HAS ONE TETRAGRAPH"} GO TO CIRCASSIAN LEXICOLOGY
  140. L'HOTE ENJOUE, TEXTE BES(LE)NEY DE ZENNUN KOYU [STUDIA CAUCASICA 2, 1966, PP. 1-8], ORHAN ALPARSLAN ET GEORGES DUMEZIL.
  141. LINCOM STUDIES IN CAUCASIAN LINGUISTICS 02. ALEXANDR E. KIBRIK (Ed.). MUNCHEN/NEWCASTLE: LINCOM EUROPA, 1996.
  142. LINGUISTIQUE CAUCASIENNE ET ARMENIENNE. HANS VOGT (1903 - ). SERIE B--SKRIFTER 76. STUDIA CAUCASOLOGICA 2. OSLO, NORWAY: NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY PRESS: INSTITUTE FOR COMPARATIVE RESEARCH IN HUMAN CULTURE, c1988. (536 PAGES. 23 cm.). {INCLUDES BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES}
  143. LITERACY AND THE PLACE OF RUSSIAN IN THE NON-SLAV REPUBLICS OF THE USSR [SOVIET STUDIES, 3, No. 2, 1951, PP. 113-130], E. KOUTAISSOFF.
  144. MATERIALS FOR THE KABARDY DICTIONARY. N. F. YAKOVLEV. MOSCOW, 1927. {"KABARDIAN IS ONE OF THE MOST REMARKABLE LANGUAGES THAT HAVE EVER BEEN THE OBJECT OF LINGUISTIC INVESTIGATION"}
  145. METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN HISTORICAL RECONSTRUCTION: THE CASE OF PROTO-NORTHWEST CAUCASIAN. JOHN COLARUSSO. IN INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF SLAVIC LINGUISTICS (SPECIAL VOLUME ON THE NON-SLAVIC LANGUAGES OF THE U.S.S.R.). BERNARD COMRIE (Ed.).
  146. MIGRATION AND LANGUAGES IN THE USSR. E. GLYN. LEWIS. PP. 310-341 OF Vol. 2 OF ADVANCES IN THE SOCIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE. JOSHUA A. FISHMAN (Ed.). THE HAGUE: MOUTON AND CO., 1972.
  147. MORPHOLOGIE COMPAREE ET PHONETIQUE COMPAREE. A PROPOS DES LANGUESCAUCASIENNES DU NORD [BULLETIN DE LA SOCIETE DE LINGUISTIQUE DE PARIS XXXVIII, 1937, P. 122 ff.], GEORGES DUMEZIL.
  148. MORPHOLOGIE TCHERKESSE: LA CATEGORIE DE POSSESSION II: LES DIALECTES, LES ORIGINES. RIEKS SMEETS.
  149. MOUNTAIN OF TONGUES: THE LANGUAGES OF THE CAUCASUS [ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANTHROPOLOGY, Vol. 6, 1977, PP. 283-314. DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN 48104], JOHN C. CATFORD.
  150. MULTILINGUALISM IN THE SOVIET UNION. E. GLYN. LEWIS. THE HAGUE: MOUTON AND CO., 1972.
  151. NATIONAL LANGUAGES IN THE USSR - PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS. M. I. ISAYEV. MOSCOW: PROGRESS PUBLISHERS, 1977.
  152. NIKOLAEV & STAROSTIN'S NORTH CAUCASIAN ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY AND THE METHODOLOGY OF LONG-RANGE COMPARISON: AN ASSESSMENT. JOHANNA NICHOLS. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE TENTH BIENNIAL NON-SLAVIC LANGUAGES (NSL) CONFERENCE HELD AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO THURSDAY-SATURDAY, 8-10 MAY 1997. {"This ambitious and exhaustively researched etymological dictionary and comparative grammar purports to demonstrate genetic unity of Northeast Caucasian (Nakh-Daghestanian) and Northwest Caucasian (Abkhaz-Circassian) and offers a reconstructed protolanguage. It assumes relatedness between these two families, assembles cognate sets accordingly, and finds regular correspondences within the cognate sets. However, its method has four flaws: (1) failure to demonstrate genetic relatedness before proceeding to correspondences; (2) proposing cognate sets and correspondences for Nakh-Daghestanian that are not what is demanded by purely internal comparison of this family; (3) non-verisimilitudinous protolanguage and protoforms; (4) phonologization of what are rather clearly morphological alternations. (There are also some minor problems with the Proto-Nakh reconstruction due to use of imperfect sources.) The consequence is that there is no evidence for North Caucasian genetic unity (an important issue, since Proto-North-Caucasian is the cornerstone of the far-reaching Dene-Caucasian mega-group). This shows that flawless application of Neogrammarian method, with demonstration of regular correspondences, does not prove genetic relatedness. [The exact content and conclusions are subject to change as I work through more of the Nikolaev-Starostin monograph.]" THE AUTHOR IS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY}
  153. NON-SLAVIC LANGUAGES OF THE USSR: PAPERS FROM THE FOURTH CONFERENCE. HOWARD I. ARONSON (Ed.). COLUMBUS, OHIO: SLAVICA PUBLISHERS, INC., 1994. (309 PAGES. ISBN 0-89357-250-0. PRICE: $24.95). {CONTAINS STUDIES IN THE LINGUISTICS OF CAUCASIA IN MEMORY OF AKAKI SHANIDZE: 1887-1987. ARTICLES ON NORTH CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES: VOWEL SYSTEMS OF CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES, J.C. CATFORD; HOW TO DESCRIBE THE SOUNDS OF THE NORTHWEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES, JOHN COLARUSSO; ASSERTIVE VERB FORMS IN LAK, VICTOR FRIEDMAN; NOTES ON AUXILIARY VERBS IN TSOVA-TUSH (BATSBI), DEE ANN HOLINSKY; THE STRUCTURE OF THE NAKH-DAGHESTANIAN VERB ROOT AND VERB STEM, JOHANNA NICHOLS; CLASS INFLECTION AND RELATED CATEGORIES IN THE CAUCASUS, K. H. SCHMIDT; TRACING ASPECT CODING TECHNIQUES IN THE LEZGIAN LANGUAGES, WOLFGANG SCHULZE-FUERHOFF. OTHER ARTICLES OF INTEREST: PREHISTORIC CONTACTS BETWEEN OSSETIC AND SLAVIC, ZBIGNIEW GOB; THE CORRESPONDENCE: SCYTHIAN BASTAKAW = OSSETIAN BASTA, DAVID TESTEN}
  154. NORDKAUKASISCHE WORTGLEICHUNGEN [WIENER ZEITSCHRIFT FUR DIE KUNDE DES MORGENLANDES (WZKM), XXXVII, 1930, P. 76 ff.], N. S. TROUBETZKOY.
  155. NORTH CAUCASIAN ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY. NIKOLAEV AND SERGEI STAROSTIN. ? MOSCOW. {CRITIQUED BY JOHANNA NICHOLS IN HER PAPER NIKOLAEV & STAROSTIN'S NORTH CAUCASIAN ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY AND THE METHODOLOGY OF LONG-RANGE COMPARISON: AN ASSESSMENT, PRESENTED AT THE TENTH BIENNIAL NON-SLAVIC LANGUAGES (NSL) CONFERENCE HELD AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, 8-10 MAY 1997. STAROSTIN COUNTERED IN HIS PAPER RECONSTRUCTION OF PROTO-NORTH-CAUCASIAN: RESPONSE TO J. NICHOLS, PRESENTED AT THE SAME CONFERENCE. THE DICTIONARY IS IN RUSSIAN}
  156. ? NORTH WEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES [ANALECTA SLAVICA, PP. 193-206], A. H. KUIPERS.
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  158. NOTES D'ETYMOLOGIE ET DE VOCABULAIRE SUR LE CAUCASIQUE DU NORD-OUEST. 4, 5, 6. [BEDI KARTLISA (BK), 31, 1973, PP. 24-35], GEORGES DUMEZIL.
  159. NOTE D'ETYMOLOGIE ET DE VOCABULAIRE SUR LE CAUCASIQUE DU NORD-OUEST. 7. [MELANGES BENVENISTE], GEORGES DUMEZIL.
  160. NOTES D'ETYMOLOGIE ET DE VOCABULAIRE SUR LE CAUCASIQUE DU NORD-OUEST. 8, 9, 10. [JOURNAL ASIATIQUE (JA), 262, 1974, PP. 19-29], GEORGES DUMEZIL. / MY COLLECTION. {NOTE 10, PP. 26-9, IS ON THE NAMES OF THE WEEKDAYS IN NORTH-WEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES, CIRCASSIAN INCLUDED}
  161. NOTE D'ETYMOLOGIE ET DE VOCABULAIRE SUR LE CAUCASIQUE DU NORD-OUEST. 11. [BEDI KARTLISA (BK), 32, 1974], GEORGES DUMEZIL.
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  163. OBJECTIVE CONJUGATION IN NORTH AND SOUTH CAUCASIAN. L. FOX. PP. 35-46 IN STUDIES IN HONOUR OF J. ALEXANDER KERNS. R. C. LUGTON AND M. SALTZER (Eds.). THE HAGUE - PARIS: MOUTON.
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  165. ON ONE-VOWEL SYSTEMS [LINGUA 13, 1965, PP. 111-24], W. S. ALLEN. {IT IS ARGUED THAT THE ABAZA LANGUAGE HAS ONLY ONE VOWEL. IN HIS ARTICLE IS KABARDIAN A VOWEL-LESS LANGUAGE MORRIS HALLE ARGUES AGAINST THIS}
  166. ON ROOT AND SUBORDINATE CLAUSE STRUCTURE IN KABARDIAN. M. KUMAKHOV & K. VAMLING. WORKING PAPERS 44, LUND UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS (ISSN 0280-526X), 1995, PP. 91-110.
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  168. PEOPLES AND LANGUAGES OF THE CAUCASUS: A SYNOPSIS. BERNARD GEIGER, TIBOR HALASI-KUN, AERT H. KUIPERS AND KARL H. MENGES. JANUA LINGUARUM SERIES, V, No. 6. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. THE HAGUE: MOUTON & CO., 1959. (77 PAGES. 23cm.). {GIVES BRIEF INFORMATION ON NAMES, NUMBERS, LOCATIONS, LANGUAGES, SUBDIVISIONS, TRADITIONAL ECONOMIES AND RELIGIONS OF THE NATIONS OF THE CAUCASUS (ROUGHLY ONE PAGE FOR EACH GROUP).  CONTAINS BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SOURCES ON THE CAUCASUS, JOURNALS AND SERIALS DEVOTED TO THE CAUCASUS AND ENCYCLOPEDIAS OF PARTICULAR IMPORTANCE FOR CAUCASIAN STUDIES, PP. 71-77. ALSO INCLUDES A MAP}
  169. PEOPLES AND LANGUAGES OF THE CAUCASUS. JOHN LOTZ. NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1956.
  170. PEOPLES AND LANGUAGES OF THE CAUCASUS [AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, LIX, 1957, 364]. / UNI. MAN. {REVIEW OF PREVIOUS ENTRY}
  171. PEOPLES AND LANGUAGES OF THE SOVIET UNION: NATIVISATION AND RUSSIFICATION. RIEKS SMEETS. IN MINORITIES IN THE FORMER SOVIET UNION. R. BOESCHOTEN AND SJ. KROON (Eds.). (32 PAGES).
  172. PHONEME AND MORPHEME IN KABARDIAN (EASTERN ADYGHE). AERT H. KUIPERS, DEPARTMENT OF NEAR AND MIDDLE EAST LANGUAGES, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. JANUA LINGUARUM (SERIES MINOR), NR. VIII, 'S-GRAVENHAGE: MOUTON & CO., 1960. (124 PAGES). / MY COLLECTION. {"THE KABARDIAN LANGUAGE CONSTITUTES THE EASTERN BRANCH OF THE CIRCASSIAN OR ADYGHE LANGUAGE-GROUP, THE WESTERN SUBDIVISION OF WHICH IS KNOWN AS KYAKH. THESE TWO LANGUAGES ARE CLOSELY RELATED; THEIR RESPECTIVE SPEAKERS SOON LEARN TO COMMUNICATE WITH EACH OTHER WITHOUT MUCH DIFFICULTY. ... THE KABARDIANS OCCUPY THE AREA OF THE RIVERS MALKA, BAK(H)SAN AND CHEREK ("GREAT KABARDA") AND A STRIP OF LAND EAST OF THE TEREK ("LITTLE KABARDA"). ... CULTURALLY, THE KABARDIANS DIFFERED FROM THEIR WESTERN RELATIVES IN THAT THEY FORMED A WELL-DEVELOPED FEUDAL COMMUNITY, WHEREAS THE WESTERN CIRCASSIANS PRESERVED TRIBAL DIVISIONS AND A PATRIARCHAL STRUCTURE OF SOCIETY. THIS STATE OF AFFAIRS IS REFLECTED IN THE LANGUAGES: WESTERN CIRCASSIAN SHOWS MORE MARKED DIALECT-DIVISIONS THAN KABARDIAN, WHICH IS ON THE WHOLE COMPARATIVELY HOMOGENEOUS. ... DUE TO THEIR GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION NEAR THE DARIAL PASS AND TO THE DOMINATING POLITICAL ROLE THEY PLAYED IN THE CENTRAL CAUCASUS, THE KABARDIANS WERE THE FIRST OF THE CIRCASSIANS TO COME UNDER RUSSIAN CONTROL (BEGINNING OF THE 19th CENTURY). A NUMBER OF KABARDIANS LEFT THEIR HOMELAND AT THIS TIME AND SETTLED BETWEEN THE UPPER KUBAN AND ZELENCHUK RIVERS (THE SO-CALLED "FUGITIVE KABARDIANS"). ... THE PRESENT STUDY IS AN ENLARGED VERSION OF MY DOCTORAL DISSERTATION A CONTRIBUTION TO THE ANALYSIS OF THE QABARDIAN LANGUAGE. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, 1951. IT AIMS AT DEFINING AND CHARACTERIZING THE PHONEMIC AND MORPHEMIC UNITS OF THE KABARDIAN LANGUAGE"}
  173. PHONEMIC CONTRASTS AND DISTINCTIVE FEATURES: CAUCASIAN EXAMPLES. JOHN COLARUSSO. PP. 307-21 IN THE ELEMENTS: A PARASESSION ON LINGUISTIC UNITS AND LEVELS, INCLUDING PAPERS FROM THE CONFERENCE ON NON-SLAVIC LANGUAGES OF THE USSR. PAUL R. CLYNE, WILLIAM F. HANKS, AND CAROL L. HOFBAUER (Eds.). UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO: CHICAGO LINGUISTIC SOCIETY, 1979. {PAPERS FROM THE CONFERENCE ON NON-SLAVIC LANGUAGES OF THE USSR ARE FOUND ON PP. 297-481}
  174. PHYLETIC LINKS BETWEEN PROTO-INDO-EUROPEAN AND PROTO-NORTHWEST CAUCASIANLANGUAGES. JOHN COLARUSSO. IN PAPERS FROM THE SEVENTH CONFERENCE ON THE NON-SLAVIC LANGUAGES OF THE USSR. HOWARD ARONSON AND BILL J. DARDEN (Eds.). CHICAGO: CHICAGO LINGUISTIC CIRCLE, 1991.
  175. PLANS TO REFORM RUSSIAN HIGHER EDUCATION. HARLEY T. BALZER. IN EDUCATION AND SOCIETY IN THE NEW RUSSIA. ANTHONY JONES (Ed.). ARMONK, NEW YORK, AND LONDON: M. E. SHARPE, 1994.
  176. POSITION STRUCTURELLE DU GEORGIEN PARMI LES LANGUES CAUCASIQUES [REVUE DE L'ECOLE NATIONALE DES LANGUES ORIENTALES, 4, 1967, PP. 29-63], G. CHARACHIDZE.
  177. POUR LA COMPARAISON DU BASQUE ET DES LANGUES CAUCASIQUE [BEDI KART (BK), XXV, 1968, PP. 13-26], RENE LAFON.
  178. PROBLEMS IN SOCIOLINGUISTICS IN THE SOVIET UNION. RADO LENCEK. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, D.C., GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY MONOGRAPH SERIES ON LANGUAGES AND LINGUISTICS, No. 24, 1971, PP. 269-301.
  179. PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE ON NORTHWEST CAUCASIAN LINGUISTICS: 10-12 OCTOBER 1994, BOGAZICI UNIVERSITY. A. SUMRU OZSOY (Ed.). SERIE B -- SKRIFTER 100. SERIE B -- SJRUFTER. STUDIA CAUCASOLOGICA, 3. OSLO: NOVUS: INSTITUTT FOR SAMMENLIGNENDE KULTURFORSKNING, 1997. (140 PAGES. 25 cm. ISBN 8270992879). {CONTENTS: LA DERNIER DICTIONNAIRE DE LA LANGUE OUBYKH / GEORGES CHARACHIDZE; THE CIRCASSIAN ORTHOGRAPHY OF HARUN BATEQU / J. C. CATFORD; SUFFIXAL MARKING OF PLURAL IN OUBYKH VERB FORMS / RIEKS SMEETS; DISTRIBUTION OF ABKHAZ DIALECTS INTURKEY / VIACHESLAV A. CHIRIKBA; UBYKH'S POSITION IN NORTHWEST CAUCASIAN / WIM J. M. LUCASSEN; SOME QUESTIONS OF N.W. CAUCASIAN PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY / J. C. CATFORD; THE OBLIGATIVE CONSTRUCTION IN KABARDIAN / MUKHADIN KUMAKHOV AND KARINA VAMLING; CONTRIBUTION TO THE LEXICOGRAPHY OF ABKHAZ / [BRIAN] GEORGE HEWITT; L'INTEGRATION DES IMMIGRANTS DU CAUCASE DU NORD-OUEST DANS L'EMPIRE OTTOMAN (DE LA FIN DU XIXeme SIECLE AU DEBUT DU XXeme SIECLE / ALEXANDRE TOURMARKINE. ILLUSTRATED. INCLUDES BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES}
  180. PROTO-CIRCASSIAN PHONOLOGY: AN ESSAY IN RECONSTRUCTION [STUDIA CAUCASICA I, THE HAGUE, 1963, PP. 56-92], AERT H. KUIPERS. {A RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PROTO-CIRCASSIAN SOUND SYSTEM. THIS WORK IS THE FIRST STEP IN ESTABLISHING STRICT SOUND-CORRESPONDENCES BETWEEN THE NORTH-WEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES: CIRCASSIAN, UBYKH AND ABKHAZ. FOR THE SECOND STEP, REFER TO A DICTIONARY OF PROTO-CIRCASSIAN ROOTS BY THE SAME AUTHOR ABOVE}
  181. QUELQUES REMARQUES SUR LE LIVRE DE M. DUMEZIL 'ETUDES COMPARATIVES SUR LES LANGUES CAUCASIENNES DU NORD-OUEST [? LE MAITRE PHONETIQUE (MAITRE PHON), ORGANE DE L'ASSOCIATION PHONETIQUE INTERNATIONALE, LONDON, (3me SERIE), 78, 1942], N. S. TRUBETZKOY. {REFER TO DUMEZIL'S REPONSES A DES REMARQUES DU PRINCE TRUBETZKOY. ?.}
  182. QUELQUES TERMES RELIGIEUX DES LANGUES CAUCASIENNES DU NORD-OUEST [REVUE DE L'HISTOIRE DES RELIGIONS (RHR), PARIS, 123, 1941, PP. 63-70], GEORGES DUMEZIL. / UNI. MAN. {SOME RELIGIOUS TERMS OF THE LANGUAGES OF THE NORTH-WEST CAUCASUS}
  183. RACINES OUBYKHS ET TCHERKESSES A u-PREFIXE [BULLETIN DE LA SOCIETE DE LINGUISTIQUE DE PARIS, XXXIX, 1939, PP. 67-87], GEORGES DUMEZIL (1898-1986), ET AYTEK NAMITOK. {"ANALYSE D'UN GROUPE DE RACINES COMPLEXES, OU L'ELEMENT u- EST A LUI SEUL UNE RACINE AUXILIAIRE, CELLE QUI A L'ETAT LIBRE SIGNIFIE EN OUBYKH 'ENTRER' (INTRANS.) OU 'FAIRE ENTRER' (PSEUDO-TRANSIT.); D'OU LES DEUX VALEURS DES RACINES COMPLEXES DONT u- EST PREMIER ELEMENT: TANTOT EXPRIMANT LE MOUVEMENT PAR OPPOSITION A L'ACTION; TANTOT CAUSATIVES. CERTAINS DES 'AFFIXES VERBAUX' DES LANGUES CAUCASIENNES DU N.-O. SONT AUSSI DES RACINES AUXILIAIRES (EXEMPLE: TCHERKESSE -he-). - SUIVENT TROIS NOTES SUR DES POINTS DE METTHODE}
  184. RAPPORT SUR UN OUVRAGE MANUSCRIT INTITULE: "SLOVAR RUSSKO-TCHERKESSKII". St. PETERSBOURG, 1848. PP. 165-76. [BULLETIN HISTORICO-PHILOLOGIQUE DE L'ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES, TOME 4], ANDREAS JOHAN SJOEGREN. / BRIT. MUS.
  185. RECHERCHES COMPARATIVES SUR LE VERBE CAUCASIEN. GEORGES DUMEZIL. BIBLIOTHEQUE DE L'INSTITUT FRANCAIS DE LENINGRAD, TOM 15. PARIS, 1933. (93 PAGES).
  186. RECONSTRUCTION OF PROTO-NORTH-CAUCASIAN: RESPONSE TO J[OHANNA] NICHOLS. SERGEI STAROSTIN. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE TENTH BIENNIAL NON-SLAVIC LANGUAGES (NSL) CONFERENCE HELD AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO THURSDAY-SATURDAY, 8-10 MAY 1997. {"Prof. Nichols has raised four objections to the method employed in the North Caucasian Etymological Dictionary by S. Nikolayev and me. It is rather difficult to respond to those objections before they are explicitly stated, so my response and conclusions are subject to change as I hear more of Prof. Nichols¹ arguments. By now I can only state that: (1) genetic relatedness of North Caucasian languages was demonstrated already in the classic works of Trubetzkoy, who used exactly the right method to do that, namely, establishing regular phonetic correspondences; as far as I know, no other method can be used for that purpose; (2) all cognate sets and correspondences for Nakh-Daghestanian in NCED are proposed exclusively on the basis of internal comparison of the languages of this family; (3) the proposed protolanguage has exactly the same typological features as most modern North Caucasian languages, so I would like to know what is so non-verisimilitudinous about it; (4) morphological alternations (usually called morphonological or morphophonemic) are known to usually reflect original phonological changes, and certainly were employed for reconstruction, as it is common in all known language families. ... Finally, I must state that the North Caucasian reconstruction itself has nothing to do with the Sino-Caucasian or Dene-Caucasian hypothesis. Only internal Caucasian evidence was used to achieve this reconstruction, and no other method was used except the classical Neogrammarian method - which so far stays the absolutely primary tool of comparative linguistics."
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  245. THE LARYNGEAL THEORY SO FAR: A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SURVEY. E. POLOME. IN EVIDENCE FOR LARYNGEALS. THE HAGUE, 1965.
  246. THE NON-RUSSIAN LANGUAGES AND THE CHALLENGE OF RUSSIAN. ISABELLE KREINDLER. IN SOCIOLINGUISTIC PERSPECTIVES OF SOVIET NATIONAL LANGUAGES. ISABELLE KREINDLER (Ed.). BERLIN: MOUTON DE GRUYTER, 1985.
  247. THE NORTH-WEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES. BRIAN GEORGE HEWITT (Ed.). Vol. 2 IN THE INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES OF THE CAUCASUS. ANATOLIAN & CAUCASIAN STUDIES. JOHN A. C. GREPPIN (GENERAL Ed.). DELMAR, NEW YORK: CARAVAN BOOKS, 1994.
  248. THE NORTHWEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES: A PHONOLOGICAL SURVEY. JOHN JOSEPH COLARUSSO, Jr. A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN THE SUBJECT OF LINGUISTICS. HARVARD UNIVERSITY. CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS. AUGUST, 1975. (454 PAGES).
  249. THE NORTHWEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES: A PHONOLOGICAL SURVEY. JOHN COLARUSSO. IN OUTSTANDING DISSERTATIONS IN LINGUISTICS. JORGE HANKAMER. NEW YORK: GARLAND PUBLISHING, 1988.
  250. THE NORTH-WEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES [ANALECTA SLAVICA I (FESTSCHRIFT BRUNO BECKER. A SLAVONIC MISCELLANY PRESENTED FOR HIS SEVENTIETH BIRTHDAY), AMSTERDAM, 1955, PP. 193-206], A. H. KUIPERS.
  251. THE OBLIGATIVE CONSTRUCTION IN KABARDIAN. MUKHADIN KUMAKHOV AND KARINA VAMLING. PP. 114-27 IN PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE ON NORTHWEST CAUCASIAN LINGUISTICS: 10-12 OCTOBER 1994, BOGAZICI UNIVERSITY. STUDIA CAUCASOLOGICA III. A. SUMRU OZSOY (Ed.). OSLO: NOVUS: INSTITUTT FOR SAMMENLIGNENDE KULTURFORSKNING, 1997. {FOR MORE DETAILS ON THE PROCEEDINGS, SEE THE TITLE ABOVE}
  252. THE ORIGIN AND DIVERSIFICATION OF LANGUAGE. M. SWADESH. CHICAGO: ALDINE, ATHERTON, 1971.
  253. THE PROBLEM OF BILINGUALISM AND ASSIMILATION IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS [CENTRAL ASIAN REVIEW, Vol. 15, No. 3, 1967, PP. 205-211], ALEXANDRE BENNIGSEN.
  254. THE REBIRTH OF THE NATIONAL SCHOOL IN RUSSIA. MIKHAIL KUZMIN. UNPUBLISHED ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF MANUSCRIPT, ORIGINALLY PUBLISHED IN RUSSIAN IN VESTNIK OBRAZOVANIYA, circa 1992. {THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION WAS PROVIDED BY EVE RACHEL GREENFIELD (SEE HER THESIS LANGUAGE OF DISSENT: LANGUAGE, ETHNIC IDENTITY, AND BILINGUAL EDUCATION POLICY IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS, ABOVE): PUBLICATION INFORMATION PROVIDED BY PROFESSOR BEN EKLOF AT THE INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF RUSSIAN EDUCATION, INDIANA UNIVERSITY. INQUIRY FOR PRECISE INFORMATION IN PROCESS WITH THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION MINISTRY OF EDUCATION}
  255. THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PHONEMIC SYSTEM OF PROTO-NORTH-WEST CAUCASIAN (PRELIMINARY TITLE). V. A. CHIRIKBA. DISSERTATION SUBMITTED AT LEIDEN UNIVERSITY. {"THE INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES OF THE CAUCASUS CAN BE DIVIDED INTO THREE GROUPS: WEST CAUCASIAN, EAST CAUCASIAN AND KARTVELIAN, OR SOUTH CAUCASIAN. THE LANGUAGES OF THE (NORTH-)WEST CAUCASIAN GROUP ARE ABKHAZ, CIRCASSIAN AND THE NOW EXTINCT UBYKH. THE WEST AND EAST CAUCASIAN GROUPS BELONG TO THE NORTH CAUCASIAN LINGUISTIC FAMILY, WHILE THE KARTVELIAN LANGUAGES FORM AN INDEPENDENT, UNRELATED FAMILY. ... THE WEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES CONSIST OF CLOSELY RELATED DIALECTS: CIRCASSIAN OF ADYGHE AND KABARDIAN, ABKHAZ OF ABKHAZ PROPER AND ABAZA. NOTHING IS KNOWN ABOUT PAST DIALECTICAL DIVISIONS OF UBYKH. BY 1850 THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE SPEAKING WEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES AMOUNTED TO ABOUT ONE MILLION, THE MAJORITY OF WHICH WERE CIRCASSIAN. THE RUSSIAN COLONISATION DRAMATICALLY CHANGED THE ETHNOLINGUISTIC SITUATION, AS MANY ABKHAZIANS AND CIRCASSIANS HAD TO FLEE TO THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE. THE UBYKH AND THE SADZIAN ABKHAZIANS EMIGRATED COMPLETELY. IN TURKEY, THE UBYKH LOST THEIR LANGUAGE. ... AT PRESENT, THE TOTAL NUMBER OF ABKHAZO-ADYGHEANS LIVING IN THE CAUCASUS IS ABOUT 800,000. CIRCASSIANS LIVE IN THE ADYGHE, KABARDINO-BALKAR AND KARACHAY-CHERKESS REPUBLICS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION. THE ABKHAZIANS LIVE IN THE REPUBLIC OF ABKHAZIA, WHICH RECENTLY SECEDED FROM GEORGIA. THE ABAZAS LIVE IN KARACHAY-CHERKESSIA. IN ADDITION, MORE THAN A MILLION ABKHAZO-ADYGHEANS, LIVE IN THE DIASPORA, MAINLY IN TURKEY AND OTHER MIDDLE EASTERN COUNTRIES. ... MY PROJECT INCLUDES THE PHONOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION OF ALL DIALECTS OF WEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES, THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PHONEMIC SYSTEMS OF PROTO-ABKHAZ AND PROTO-CIRCASSIAN AND, FINALLY, THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PHONEMIC SYSTEM OF PROTO-WEST CAUCASIAN. I HAVE CONDUCTED FIELDWORK IN TURKEY AND IN THE CAUCASUS. IN TURKEY, I ALSO COLLECTED HITHERTO UNKNOWN LINGUISTIC AND FOLKLORIC MATERIALS AMONG THE SADZ AND OTHER ABKHAZIANS. ... THE LEXICAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ABKHAZ, CIRCASSIAN AND UBYKH ARE QUITE SUBSTANTIAL, WHICH MAKES THE RECONSTRUCTION OF PROTO-WEST CAUCASIAN A TRYING TASK. THE PROBLEM IS FURTHER COMPLICATED BY THE FACT THAT THERE ARE MANY UNIQUE SOUND CORRESPONDENCES WHICH DO NOT SEEM TO FIT INTO A PATTERN. TO FACILITATE THE COMPARISON OF ABKHAZ WITH THE OTHER TWO LANGUAGES, I COMPILED A DICTIONARY OF PROTO-ABKHAZ ROOTS. THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PHONEMIC SYSTEM OF PROTO-WEST CAUCASIAN ACTUALLY PRESENTS A NECESSARY STEP TOWARDS A COMPREHENSIVE RECONSTRUCTION OF PROTO-NORTH CAUCASIAN. ONCE A PROTO-NORTH CAUCASIAN IS ACHIEVED, IT WILL BE POSSIBLE TO CONCENTRATE ON THE PROBLEM OF THE EXTERNAL RELATIONS OF THAT LANGUAGE. NORTH CAUCASIAN, WHICH MAY BE RECONSTRUCTED ON THE BASIS OF THE COMPARISON OF THE PRESENT-DAY LANGUAGES THAT DERIVE FROM IT, IS ONE OF THE ANCIENT LANGUAGES THAT WERE SPOKEN IN EUROPE PRIOR TO ITS COLONISATION BY INDO-EUROPEANS."}
  256. THE RUSSIFICATION OF SOVIET MINORITY LANGUAGES [PROBLEMS OF COMMUNISM, Vol. 2, No. 6, 1953, PP. 46-57], URIEL WEINREICH.
  257. THE SOVIET EDUCATION LAWS OF 1958-1959 AND SOVIET NATIONALITY POLICY [SOVIET STUDIES, Vol. 14, No. 2, 1962, PP 138-157], YAROSLAV BILINSKY.
  258. THE STATUS OF NATIONAL MINORITY LANGUAGES IN SOVIET EDUCATION [SOVIET STUDIES, Vol. 19, No. 2, OCTOBER 1967], HARRY LIPSET.
  259. THE STATUS OF NATIONAL MINORITY LANGUAGES IN SOVIET EDUCATION: AN ASSESSMENT OF RECENT CHANGES [SOVIET STUDIES, 26, No. 1, 1974, PP. 28-40], BRIAN D. SILVER.
  260. THE STATUS OF POPULAR EDUCATION IN THE NORTHERN CAUCASUS [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), Vol. 7, AUG-NOV 1959, PP. 119-30], RAMAZAN KARCHA.
  261. THE TYPOLOGY OF PHARYNGEALS AND PHARYNGEALIZATION: CAUCASIAN EXAMPLES. JOHN COLARUSSO. PAPER PRESENTED AT THE 6th NORTH AMERICAN CONFERENCE ON AFRO-ASIATIC LINGUISTICS, APRIL 9-10, 1978, TORONTO.
  262. THREE SHORT KABARDIAN (EAST CIRCASSIAN) TEXTS [ANNALS OF THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE OF NAPOLI, 42, 1982, PP. 169-194], ELIO PROVASI. / MY COLLECTION. {ANALYSIS OF THREE SHORT POEMS IN KABARDIAN (TWO QUATRAINS AND ONE LONGER POEM IN STROPHIC FORM). THE TEXTS WERE COLLECTED IN APRIL 1974 IN ISTANBUL FROM Mr. FIKRI DUMAN, A NATIVE SPEAKER OF BOTH KABARDIAN AND TURKISH FROM PINARBASI, A TOWN SITUATED NORTHEAST OF KAYSERI IN ANATOLIA ON THE EDGE OF THE UZUN YAYLA PLATEAU, WHERE ONE OF THE GREATEST CONCENTRATIONS OF CIRCASSIAN SPEAKERS IN TURKEY IS FOUND. HIS DIALECT IS ONLY SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT FROM THE LITERARY LANGUAGE DEVELOPED IN THE CAUCASUS. VERY INFORMATIVE. HAS 44 REFERENCES}
  263. TRANSITIVITY AND POSSESSION [LANGUAGE, 40, 1964], W. S. ALLEN.
  264. TYPES OF MULTILINGUAL COMMUNITIES [INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AMERICAN LINGUISTICS, 33, No. 4, 1967, PUBLICATION NUMBER 44, PP. 7-17], HEINZ KLOSS.
  265. TYPOLOGICAL PARALLELS BETWEEN PROTO-INDO-EUROPEAN AND THE NORTHWEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES. JOHN COLARUSSO. PP. 475-557 IN BONO HOMINI DONUM: ESSAYS IN HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS IN MEMORY OF J. ALEXANDER KERNS, VOL. 2, YOEL L. ARBEITMAN AND ALAN R. BOMBARD (Eds.). AMSTERDAM: JOHN BENJAMINS, 1981.
  266. TYPOLOGICALLY SALIENT FEATURES OF SOME NORTH-WEST CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES [STUDIA CAUCASICA 3, 1976, THE PETER DE RIDDER PRESS, LISSE, 127 PAGES, PP. 101-127], A. H. KUIPERS.
  267. UBER AUFGABEN UND METHODEN DER KAUKASOLOGIE STUDIA ORIENTALIA, HELSINKI, XVII: 4, 1952], G. SCHMIDT.
  268. UBYKH'S POSITION IN NORTHWEST CAUCASIAN. WIM J. M. LUCASSEN. PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE ON NORTHWEST CAUCASIAN LINGUISTICS: 10-12 OCTOBER 1994, BOGAZICI UNIVERSITY. A. SUMRU OZSOY (Ed.). OSLO: NOVUS: INSTITUTT FOR SAMMENLIGNENDE KULTURFORSKNING, 1997. {FOR MORE DETAILS ON THE PROCEEDINGS, SEE THE TITLE ABOVE}
  269. UNE INTERPRETATION EXISTENTIELLE DE LA CONSTRUCTION ERGATIVE DE LA PHRASE EN TCHERKESSE. CATHERINE PARIS. IN CAHIERS DU CENTRE INTERDISCIPLINAIRE DES SCIENCES DU LANGAGE, SOCIETE DE LINGUISTIQUE GENERALE ET APPLIQUEE, UNIVERSITE DE TOULOUSE-LE MIRAIL, 1979, No. I.
  270. UNIQUE TYPES AND TYPOLOGICAL UNIVERSALS. AERT H. KUIPERS. PP. 68-88 IN PRATIDANAM: INDIAN, IRANIAN AND INDO-EUROPEAN STUDIES PRESENTED TO F. B. J. KUIPERS. J. C. HEESTERMAN et al. (Eds.). THE HAGUE: MOUTON, 1968.
  271. UNIVERSAL LITERACY OF THE FORMERLY BACKWARD PEOPLES OF THE SOVIET UNION: A FACTOR OF THEIR SOCIAL SELF-AWARENESS. V. A. KUMANEV. IN LANGUAGE AND SOCIETY: ANTHROPOLOGICAL ISSUES. WILLIAN McCORMACK AND STEPHEN A. WURM (Eds.). NEW YORK: MOUTON, 1979.
  272. VARIETIES OF ETHNICITY AND LANGUAGE CONSCIOUSNESS [MONOGRAPH SERIES ON LANGUAGES AND LINGUISTICS. WASHINGTON, D.C., GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY, Vol. 18, 1965, PP. 69-79], JOSHUA A. FISHMAN.
  273. VERB CLASS SYSTEM IN CIRCASSIAN. AN ATTEMPT OF CLASSIFICATION OF CIRCASSIAN VERBAL FORMS. [ARCHIV ORIENTALNI (AO), 36, 1968, PP. 200-212], VACLAV CERNY, PRAHA. {"THIS PAPER IS A SUMMARY OF MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE VERB IN LITERARY WEST-CIRCASSIAN. THE MODERN WEST-CIRCASSIAN NATIONAL LANGUAGE IS AN ADVANCED FORM OF THE TEMIRGOIAN DIALECT, COMPLETED WITH A LARGE SECTION OF WORDS AND FORMS FROM OTHER WESTERN DIALECTS, PRIMARILY BZHEDUGH AND SHAPSUGH. ALL THESE INNOVATIONS ARE ADAPTED ACCORDING TO THE PHONOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL NORMS OF THE BASIC DIALECT, SO THAT, ALTHOUGH IN PARTICULAR CASES OSCILLATION MAY OFTEN BE OBSERVED, FOR OUR PURPOSES WE MAY CONSIDER THE LANGUAGE AS HOMOGENEOUS AND UNIFORM." HAS 30 REFERENCES}
  274. VERBS THAT INFLECT FOR KINSHIP [PAPIERE ZUR LINGUISTIK 20, 1979, PP. 37-66], JOHN COLARUSSO .
  275. "VIEUX-KABARDE" ET PARLER BESLENEY [JOURNAL ASIATIQUE (JA), 253,1965, PP. 217-222], GEORGES CHARACHIDZE. {THE KABARDIAN DIALECT USED BY SHURA NOGMOV IS CONCLUDED TO BE AN INTERMEDIATE ONE BETWEEN KABARDIAN AND BESLANAY AND NOT THE OLD FORM OF KABARDIAN PROPER. NOGMOV IS A KABARDIAN HISTORIAN AND FOLKLORIST. HE AUTHORED HISTORY OF THE CIRCASSIANS, WHICH APPEARED IN 1861. HE ALSO COLLECTED MATERIALS ON KABARDIAN GRAMMAR, BUT THE WORK NEVER MATERIALIZED}
  276. VOWEL SYSTEMS OF CAUCASIAN LANGUAGES. J. C. CATFORD. IN NON-SLAVIC LANGUAGES OF THE USSR: PAPERS FROM THE FOURTH CONFERENCE. HOWARD I. ARONSON (Ed.). SLAVICA PUBLISHERS, INC., 1994.
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