- Which of the following rock types is formed from molten
material?
(a) igneous
(b) metamorphic
(c) sedimentary
- All of the following are true about the theory of
Uniformitarianism except
(a) It states that the Earth is a few thousand years old.
(b) It states that the present is the key to the past.
(c) Tt states that the processes that take place today are
the same as those that operated in the past.
(d) It was developed by James Hutton.
- A scientific term for an educated guess as to the
explanation for some observations is
(a) catastrophism
(b) hypothesis
(c) theory
(d) uniformitarianism
- The weak layer beneath the surface of the Earth, having a
consistency similar to toothpaste, is the
(a) aesthenoshpere
(b) crust
(c) lithosphere
(d) mantle
- When two continental plates collide, which of the following
is formed?
(a) mountains
(b) spreading center
(c) subduction zone
(d) transform fault
- When a continental plate collides with an oceanic plate,
which of the following is formed?
(a) mountains
(b) spreading center
(c) subduction zone
(d) transform fault
- The most commonly accepted explanation for why lithospheric
plates move is
(a) convection cells within the mantle
(b) the gravitational attraction of the Moon
(c) the gravitational attraction of the Sun
(d) the rotation of the Earth
- Which of the following is a famous example of what forms
when two plates slide by each other?
(a) the African Rift Valley
(b) Mt. St. Helens
(c) the New Madrid Fault
(d) the San Andreas Fault
- Which of the following is not in the nucleus of an
atom?
(a) electron
(b) neutron
(c) proton
- The number of which of the following determines what type of
substance (element) an atom is?
(a) electrons
(b) neutrons
(c) protons
- Which of the following substances is formed from ionic bonds
?
(a) diamond
(b) gold
(c) graphite
(d) table salt
- Which type of bond holds one thin sheet of mica to the one
next to it?
(a) covalent bonds
(b) intermolecular bonds
(c) ionic bonds
(d) metallic bonds
- Which of the following ways in which silica tetrahedra link
is the first to form (at the highest temperature) as magma cools?
(a) independent tetrahedra
(b) single chains
(c) double chains
(d) sheets
(e) framework
- Which of the following minerals would best resist weathering
and breaking down? (Hint: Think of the type of bonds.)
(a) albite
(b) halite
(c) mica
(d) quartz
- The shells of marine organisms are commonly
(a) carbonates
(b) oxides
(c) silicates
(d) sulfates
- Which of the following is a colored quartz mineral that is a
gemstone?
(a) amethyst
(b) diamond
(c) ruby
(d) sapphire
- Which of the following rock types is highest in silica
content?
(a) felsic
(b) intermediate
(c) mafic
- Which of the following rock types is darkest in color?
(a) felsic
(b) intermediate
(c) mafic
- Which of the following rock types has the highest melting
temperature?
(a) felsic
(b) intermediate
(c) mafic
- Which of the following rock types is formed from the most
viscous magma?
(a) felsic
(b) intermediate
(c) mafic
- Which of the following rocks composes much of the ocean
floor?
(a) andesite
(b) basalt
(c) granite
(d) rhyolite
- Iceland is atop an extension of a mid-oceanic spreading
center. Which of the following rocks is likely to compose much of
Iceland?
(a) andesite
(b) basalt
(c) granite
(d) rhyolite
- Which of the following rocks make up much of the Hawaiian
Islands?
(a) andesite
(b) basalt
(c) granite
(d) rhyolite
- At which of the following locations are you most likely to
find andesite?
(a) continent-content collision
(b) mid-oceanic spreading center
(c) oceanic hotspot
(d) subduction zone
- Which of the following is a source of heat for creating
magma?
(a) decay of dead vegetation
(b) political discourse in Washington
(c) radioactive decay
(d) solar energy
- The general term for a large body of rock formed from the
slow cooling of magma underground is
(a) dike
(b) pluton
(c) sill
(d) volcano
- The only rocks found in oceanic crust are
(a) andesite and basalt
(b) basalt and gabbro
(c) gabbro and granite
(d) granite and rhyolite
- A volcano that has not erupted recently but is currently
located above a subduction zone is called
(a) active
(b) dormant
(c) extinct
(d) expired
- Which of the following is least likely to indicate
increased explosivity of a volcanic eruptions?
(a) high gas content of the magma
(b) high silica content of the magma
(c) high temperature of the magma
(d) high viscosity of the magma
- Which of the following did not occur at
Mt. St. Helens?
(a) a geologist studying the volcano was killed during the
eruption
(b) mudflows travelled tens of miles from the volcano crater
(c) a new, shorter shield volcano was formed
(d) pyroclastic flows destroyed many of the trees on the
flanks of the mountain
(e) small-scale tremors and a bulging of the side of the
mountain preceded the eruption
- Thick, wide lava plateaus result from
(a) central-vent eruptions
(b) fissure eruptions
(c) pyroclastic eruptions
(d) submarine eruptions
- Pillow basalts result from
(a) central-vent eruptions
(b) fissure eruptions
(c) pyroclastic eruptions
(d) submarine eruptions
- The classic model of a volcano with steep sides forming a
cone (like Mt. Fuji) is a
(a) composite cone (stratovolcano)
(b) fissure eruption
(c) shield volcano
(d) volcanic dome
- Composite cones (stratovolcanoes) are most likely to form
near
(a) continent-continent collision
(b) the interior of continents
(c) mid-oceanic spreading centers
(d) subduction zones
- Which of the following is not a likely occurrence
shortly before a volcano will erupt?
(a) bulging of the surface
(b) changes in groundwater chemistry
(c) decrease in heat flow
(d) increase in number of tremors
When answering the following questions, choose a for True and b for
False.
- Relative dating is a geologic term for the problems
that result from the interbreeding of closely related organisms.
- The view that the Earth is modified primarily through a
series of huge worldwide disasters, such as floods and volcanic
eruptions, is called Uniformitarianism.
- The planets closest to the sun are the densest, most rocky
planets.
- The Earth reached its present size about 4.6 million years
ago.
- Lithosphere is a geologic term for the crust of the
Earth.
- Most of the world's large-scale geologic activity takes
place in the interior of continents where they are splitting apart
to form new oceans.
- A dike cuts across other preexisting rocks.
- Magma must be created by the melting of preexisting rock.
The following two questions are about a sample of rock that I will
pass around the room.
- The igneous rock that I will pass around
the room is (a) extrusive and felsic
(b) extrusive and mafic
(c) intrusive and felsic
(d) intrusive and mafic
- Therefore, this rock is
(a) andesite
(b) basalt
(c) gabbro
(d) granite
The following questions are about slides that I will show during
the test.
- In the photo shown, the columns of rock are
(a) basalt
(b) gabbro
(c) granite
(d) halite
- The hot spring shown in the slide occurs where it does for
all of the following reasons except
(a) hot rock is near the ground surface
(b) it is near a continental hotspot
(c) it is near where a new divergent pate boundary is being
created
(d) it is in the Rift Valley in Kenya
- The white bags shown in the slide serve all of the following
purposes except
(a) slowing deforestation
(b) slowing erosion
(c) slowing the formation of gullies
(d) slowing runoff of rainwater
- The area that I will point to in the slide represents
(a) a subduction zone
(b) a mid-oceanic spreading center
(c) a transform fault
(d) a continent-continent collision
- The peak on Mt. Kenya is formed from
(a) a cinder cone
(b) a fissure eruption
(c) magma solidifying within the central vent of the volcano
(d) a pyroclastic eruption
