If a rock bends without breaking but does not return to its
original shape, the type of deformation is called
(a) brittle
(b) elastic
(c) overpressured
(d) plastic
Along the Louisiana coast, the type of fault that is most
common (due to the slumping of sediments downward toward the Gulf)
is a
(a) normal fault
(b) reverse fault
(c) strike-slip fault
(d) thrust fault
In the figure below, what type of mountain is represented
by the mountain peak?
(a) fault-block mountains
(b) fold-and-thrust mountains
(c) upwarped mountains
(d) volcanic mountain
In the figure shown below, which of the folds (A or B) is
the syncline?
In the figure below, does the figure marked X represent the
(a) anticlinal axis
(b) dip
(c) strike
(d) synclinal axis
In the figure below, the S-wave shadow zone is created
because
(a) there are no seismographs in China
(b) earthquakes do not occur in the core
(c) S waves are reflected away by the solid outer core
(d) S waves do not travel through the liquid outer core
In the figure below, which (A or B) represents P-wave
motion?
The spot beneath the surface where the rupture of rock
takes place that causes an earth quake is called the
(a) epicenter
(b) focus
(c) Mercalli Scale
(d) the Moho
A 1985 earthquake of magnitude 8.1 on the Richter scale
killed 10,000 people in Mexico City. The 1989 Loma Prieta
earthquake near San Francisco had a magnitude of 7.1. In terms of
energy released, 1985 earthquake was how many times stronger?
(a) 0.3
(b) 1
(c) 30
(d) 900
What is the minimum number of seismograph readings needed
to located the epicenter of an earthquake?
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5
At which of the following locations are deep earthquakes
likely to be found?
(a) spreading centers
(b) strike-slip faults
(c) subduction zones
(d) suture zones
During the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, most of the
damage was due to
(a) fire
(b) ground shifts
(c) soil liquefaction
(d) tsunamis
The difference in the arrival times of P waves and S waves
at a seismograph tells us
(a) the composition of the core of the Earth
(b) how far away the seismograph is from where an earthquake
occurred
(c) the sensitivity of the seismograph
(d) the depth at which the earthquake occurred
The core accounts for one-sixth the volume of the Earth but
one-third of its mass. This tells us that
(a) the core is liquid
(b) the core is very dense
(c) the core is solid
(d) the core is brittle
Mesosaurus is a small reptile whose bones have been found
only in Brazil and South Africa, 3000 miles apart. This is evidence
(a) of the incredible swimming ability of reptiles
(b) that Africa and South America were once joined
(c) that Brazilians import reptiles from Africa
(d) that reptiles travel from Africa across Asia through
Alaska and North America to Brazil
Coal is found today in Arctic Spitzenbergen, Norway. This
is evidence that
(a) the ancient climate in Norway was very different from
today
(b) that coal can form in very cold climates
(c) the Earth is much colder than it was a few hundred years
ago
(d) that Norway was once part of Wyoming
If we treat Africa as relatively stationery, the rate at
which the fastest moving plates travel today is about
(a) 4 miles per hour
(b) 4 feet per day
(c) 4 inches per year
(d) 4 mm per century
When a continent splits apart, a three-branched fracture
forms. Commonly, one branch becomes inactive, an aulacogen. As
I've shown in class, the in active branch where the Middle Eastern
plate is splitting from Africa is
(a) The East African Rift Valley
(b) the Gulf of Aden
(c) the Red Sea
(d) the Suez Canal
When the Indian plate collided with the Tibetan Plateau,
the result was
(a) the Deccan Plateau
(b) the Himalayas
(c) the Alps
(d) the war between India and China
As continents are formed, the combination of the
continental shield and the continental platforms is called
(a) coastal mountains
(b) the coastal plain
(c) the continental shelves
(d) the craton
As Pangaea split up and the Gulf of Mexico began to form,
in the initially shallow water was created large deposits of
(a) dinosaur manure
(b) granite
(c) salt
(d) stalactites
Magma comes out large fractures at midoceanic spreading
centers. However, evidence that this magma is not pushing
the plates apart is the presence of
(a) hot spots
(b) many normal faults near the spreading centers
(c) no subduction zones at the margins of the Atlantic ocean
(d) shallowness of oceans above the spreading centers
Which of the following increases the likelihood of a
landslide?
(a) the presence of trees
(b) dry conditions
(c) unfractured crystalline rocks
(d) roadcuts
In the example I gave in class from Vicksburg, MS, the
reason for the slump was
(a) a small earthquake
(b) excessive rainfall
(c) use of septic tanks and cesspools by homes at the top of
the riverbank
(d) deforestation
The Gros Ventre Slide resulted in 6 deaths due to
(a) being buried under landslide debris
(b) a flood from the slide-impounded lake
(c) liquefaction of soil and subsequent collapse of homes
(d) resulting fires
Port Royal, Jamaica, was destroyed by as earthquake in 1692
when the city
(a) burnt
(b) collapsed during the shaking
(c) slid into the ocean
(d) was washed away by a tsunami
A mudflow due to a volcanic eruption is called a
(a) lahar
(b) quickclay
(c) slump
(d) tsunami
Marsquakes occur
(a) in Mauritania
(b) in Mauritius
(c) on Mars
(d) in Maracaibo
The type of mass movement in the figure below is called a
(a) fall
(b) flow
(c) slide
(d) slump
We store money in our bank account. Money comes in. Money
goes out. If we apply this as an analogy to the hydrologic cycle,
our bank account is most like
(a) evaporation
(b) infiltration
(c) the oceans
(d) rainfall
Most of the world's fresh water is stored
(a) in the Mediterranean Sea
(b) in the Great Lakes
(c) in glaciers and the Polar Ice Caps
(d) in the Mississippi River
Which of the following units is appropriate for a rivers
discharge?
(a) acres
(b) cubic feet per second
(c) feet
(d) miles per hour
If you stand on the Moonwalk and look across the
Mississippi at Algiers Point, the velocity of the River is likely
to be greatest
(a) near you
(b) near Algiers Point
(c) in the middle of the River
The near diversion of the Mississippi River into the
Atchafalaya Basin is an example of
(a) stream piracy
(b) a rectangular drainage pattern
(c) a braided stream
(d) floodplain reposition
The purpose of the Old River Control Structure is
(a) to waste your tax dollars paying engineers' salaries
(b) to force the Mississippi River to continue flowing past
New Orleans
(c) to keep the Red River from flowing into the Mississippi
River
(d) to improve transportation on the Mississippi River
Which of the following is not a type of sediment load?
(a) bed load
(b) dissolved load
(c) suspended load
(d) gravitational load
Which of the following is common in braided streams?
(a) mid-channel bars
(b) point bars
(c) foreset beds
(d) bottomset beds
If ocean level rises, what would be the affect on
sedimentation at a point now near the mouth of the Mississippi
River?
(a) sediments deposited would be finer grained
(b) sediments deposited would be coarser grained
(c) the channel would erode deeper
(d) there would be no effect
In the figure below, which of the parts (A-D) represents
the cutbank?
The landform represented in the figure below is
(a) an alluvial fan
(b) a delta
(c) a pediment
(d) a salt dome
For the following questions, darken A for true, B for false.
In the figure above, at which location (A-D) is there
likely to be the coarsest sediments?
The Appalachian Mountains were constructed by a collision
between North America and India.
The waterfall in Kenya that was shown in class was created
by the difference in erosion rates of volcanic rocks.
If geologists taking measurements of slippage along the San
Andreas fault find a seismic gap, an earthquake is more
likely to occur at this location.
Eruptions of steam and other gases from the mantle formed
the beginnings of our atmosphere and oceans.
The average velocity of the Mississippi River is probably
faster in New Orleans than in Minnesota.
The drainage pattern that commonly forms on a homogeneous
surface is called a trellis pattern.
A cutbank is formed when a meander is cut off by a direct
channel bypassing the loop.
New Orleans was originally built on a point bar.
The wind-blown loess at Vicksburg is an example of alluvium.
Footnotes:
File translated from
TEX
by
TTH,
version 2.65. On 18 Aug 2000, 11:50.