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Daily Notes on Poetry

30 July 2004. Back to essays. The one below is over ten-years-old. It was originally printed as a Score Review (no. 27) by Crag Hill's Score Publications. I have significantly re-written it, to update its terminology but also, I hope, make it easier to understand.

The Visio-Textual Classification of Pseudo-Languages and Similar Constructions


alien word whose meaning awaits


In the summer of 1988 I gave a presentation in Madison, Wisconsin, sponsored by Xerox Sutra on that art in which the verbal and the visual are more or less equally important and which I am now calling visio-textual art. Toward the end of the presentation an intellectual saboteur (Liz Was, I believe, although my memory is hazy, so traumatic was the experience) confused me by asking how I would classify such things as invented languages. I didn't know for sure although I fumbled out some sort of answer. Later, I gave the matter further thought. I concluded that there are three kinds of pseudo-languages: (1) letters arranged in pronounceable syllables that make no lexical sense--like the first of the specimens above; (2) letters that may or may not be arranged in "syllables," but neither make lexical sense nor can be pronounced--like the second of my specimens above; and (3) non-letters like "alien word whose meaning awaits" (which is by P. I.. Peterson, and from the excellent Anthology that Peggy Lefler recently compiled) which (may) suggest letters but are significantly further from lexical language than the other two.

Since none of the three pseudo-languages contains comprehensible words, none qualifies, in my taxonomy, as literature. The first kind, as the only kind that can be spoken, could be called, when oral, a kind of minilexical music. Here I am chiefly concerned with what it is on paper, though. On paper, it seems to me a form of textagraphy--or a combination of text and visual image with the latter the more aesthetically important. It is textual because it contains elements of language; it is graphic (illumagistic, to be precise) because it seems mainly something to look at--it has no lexical meaning. The second of my pseudo-languages is also textagraphy--but not minilexical music, for no one could declaim or sing it without adding arbitrary sounds to it. I pigeonhole these two works yet further into one of my two subsets of textagraphy, the one I call "textagraphic portraits of language," which is for works that look like or in some way suggest language, but aren't, because they do nothing lexical.

The third of my examples above might be pure illumagery, because it has no real elements of language. Because of its appearance and title, this piece qualifies for my "portraits of language" category, too. It has the further virtue, as such a portrait, of having "letters" that do something metaphorically significant, like wriggle hither and thither like a living organism, or mind-sprouts swirling, with intention, toward some life as a word. Or is the subject a group of dancers who will succumb, finally, to verbality, when their dance ends? In either case, the piece contains enough that (with the assistance of the piece's title) is about language to make it textagraphic.


If garbled words start making sense the result is an infraverbal poem--if the nonsense elements yield some consequential metaphorical effect. That's what happens in the excerpt just above from De Villo Sloan's fascinating So?, which uses nonsense words turning into sense as a metaphor (in my opinion) for the Creation of the Universe. Otherwise, mixtures of garble and coherence are just literature with nonsense elements.

As for a passage in a language that seems imaginary but isn't--a cryptogram, say--if its reader is aware that the passage stands for actual words, then the passage is literature, pure literature-unless the encrypting causes a significant metaphorical effect . . . as in the following:


                                     to the treehut;
                               then, alone, writing his way
  	                                 into b tfdsfu xpsme . . .

That, an early haiku of mine (which readers of my blog will remember from at least one other entry of mine), tries to metaphor a boy's leaving everyday reality for a secret world the way ordinary words leave normal sense when they become coded--and the boy's thus discovering into language, and himself--and existence--and becoming an Artist creating something counter. The haiku Is therefore an example of alphaconceptual poetry. Writing their way into even more secret worlds is no doubt the reason others have created completely undecodable pseudolanguages like the ones previously discussed. All power to them--but from a stringent taxonomical point of view, what they are doing is not poetry.

This is not to write off the pseudo-lingual. What they're achieving might be better than poetry. It is not being irrelevantly fussy about terminology, either. Clear terminology is simply understanding made communicable, and paths into the possibly new marked for later explorers--to make fresh paths from, if they're genuine explorers, not rely exclusively on.

See my entry for 11 May 2004 for my chart of kinds of visio-textual art if (like me) you haven't committed it to memory yet.





  





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