Definition-An intense, incapacitating headache, accompanied by other symptoms, that occurs after all-out physical effort in various sport.  Migraines related to exertion are most common in persons with a family history of migraines.

Signs & Symptoms- The nature of attacks varies between persons and from time to time in the same person.  Symptoms of a classic migraine attack appear in the following sequence:

• Inability to see  clearly, followed by seeing bright spots and zigzag patterns.  Visual disturbances may last several minutes or several hours, but they disappear once the headache begins.
• Dull, boring pain in the temple that spreads to the entire side of the head.  Pain becomes intense and throbbing.  Sometimes pain may affect both temples simultaneously.
• Nausea and vomiting.

Causes and Risk Factors- Constriction, then dilation and inflammation of blood vessels that go to the scalp and brain.  Vision disturbances occur when blood vessels narrow.  Headache begins when there widen again.  Attacks may be triggered by:

• All-out physical activity, particularly in competitive sports.
• Tension and stress
• Use of oral contraceptives
• Use of many prescription and non-prescription drugs.
• Excess alcohol consumption
• Consumption of certain foods
• Fatigue
• Smoking

Treatments-

• Apply a cold cloth or ice pack to your head, or splash your face with cold water.
• Take pain relievers, such as aspirin or ibuprofen.
• Lie down in a quiet, dark room for several hours.  Relax if possible.  Listen to music, sleep or meditate-DON'T read.