Heat Illness
(Heat Stroke; Heat
Exhaustion; Heat Cramps)
Definition- Illness
caused but prolonged exposure to hot temperatures, high humidity, slow
air movement and increased physical activity. Long runs are responsible
for most heat illnesses in athletes. Heat stroke represents failure
of the body's heat-regulating mechanisms, leading to a heat buildup in
the body. Heat exhaustion represents a loss of body fluids.
Signs & Symptoms-
Heatstroke-
-
Sudden dizziness, weakness, faintness and headache.
-
Skin that is hot a dry.
-
No sweating
-
High body temperature-frequently 102F or higher.
Heat Exhaustion:
-
Skin that is cool and moist
-
Pale or gray skin color
-
Slow pulse
-
Confusion
-
Muscle cramps
-
Low or normal body temperature
-
Dark yellow urine
Causes & Risk Factors-
-
Excessive sweating
-
Failure to drink enough fluid
-
Recent illness involving fluid loss from vomiting
or diarrhea
-
Hot, humid weather
-
Working or exercising in a hot environment
Normal Course of Illness-
Prompt treatment usually brings full recovery in 1 to 2 days.
Possible Complications-
-
Shock
-
Brain damage caused by prolonged, high boy temperature.
Treatments-
-
For heatstroke: Hospitalization to lower body
temperature and provide intravenous replacement fluids.
-
If someone with symptoms is very hot and not
sweating: Cool the person rapidly. Use cold-water bath or wrap the
person in wet sheets. Arrange for transportation to nearest hospital.
-
If someone is faint but sweating: Give
the person cold or iced liquids. Don't give salt pills.
If you or someone you see has symptoms
of heatstroke or heat exhaustion, call your physician immediately!!
Return to Previous Page
Last updated: May 7, 1998 By: Tara Derby
e-mail address: [email protected]
Copyright 1998 By: Tara Derby. All rights reserved
R.I.C.E
Care of Casts Nutrition
for Athletes Emergency First Aid