Definition- A violent jar or shock to the brain that causes an immediate change in brain function, including possible loss of consciousness.

Body Parts Involved-

• Head
• Skull
• Brain

• Temporary loss of consciousness
• Memory loss
• Emotional instability
• Dilated pupils
• Change in breathing
• Disturbed vision
• Disturbed equilibrium

Methods of Prevention- Wear a protective helmet for any activity at risk for head injury.

Possible Complications-

• Permanent brain damage, depending on the extent of the injury.  Repeated concussions can cause slurred speech, slow movement, and slow thought process and tremor.
• Excessive cerebral bleeding, causing a clot the puts pressure on the brain.
• Prolonged healing time if usual activities are resumed too soon.

First Aid- Ice helps stop bleeding from any scalp wound. Follow the ICE section of the R.I.C.E. procedure.  Elevate the head above the level of the heart to reduce swelling.

Medication: Don't use any medicine-including non-prescription aspirin or ibuprofen-until the extent of the injury is certain.

Rehabilitation- Depends on the possibility of brain damage.  Consult your doctor.

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