The Wife of Bath's Prologue 1: Experience, though noon auctoritee 2: Were in this world, is right ynogh for me 3: To speke of wo that is in mariage; 4: For, lordynges, sith I twelve yeer was of age, 5: Thonked be God that is eterne on lyve, 6: Housbondes at chirche dore I have had fyve, -- 7: If I so ofte myghte have ywedded bee, -- 8: And alle were worthy men in hir degree. 9: But me was toold, certeyn, nat longe agoon is, 10: That sith that crist ne wente nevere but onis 11: To weddyng, in the cane of galilee, 12: That by the same ensample taughte he me 13: That I ne sholde wedded be but ones. 14: Herkne eek, lo, which a sharp word for the nones, 15: Biside a welle, jhesus, God and man, 16: Spak in repreeve of the samaritan: 17: Thou hast yhad fyve housbondes, -- quod he, 18: -- And that ilke man that now hath thee 19: Is noght thyn housbonde, -- thus seyde he certeyn. 20: What that he mente therby, I kan nat seyn; 21: But that I axe, why that the fifthe man 22: Was noon housbonde to the samaritan? 23: How manye myghte she have in mariage? 24: Yet herde I nevere tellen in myn age 25: Upon this nombre diffinicioun. 26: Men may devyne and glosen, up and doun, 27: But wel I woot, expres, withoute lye, 28: God bad us for to wexe and multiplye; 29: That gentil text kan I wel understonde. 30: Eek wel I woot, he seyde myn housbonde 31: Sholde lete fader and mooder, and take to me. 32: But of no nombre mencion made he, 33: Of bigamye, or of octogamye; 34: Why sholde men thanne speke of it vileynye? 35: Lo, heere the wise kyng, daun salomon; 36: I trowe he hadde wyves mo than oon. 37: As wolde God it were leveful unto me 38: To be refresshed half so ofte as he! 39: Which yifte of God hadde he for alle his wyvys! 40: No man hath swich that in this world alyve is. 41: God woot, this noble kyng, as to my wit, 42: The firste nyght had many a myrie fit 43: With ech of hem, so wel was hym on lyve. 44: Yblessed be God that I have wedded fyve! 45: Welcome the sixte, whan that evere he shal. 46: For sothe, I wol nat kepe me chaast in al. 47: Whan myn housbonde is fro the world ygon, 48: Som cristen man shal wedde me anon, 49: For thanne, th' apostle seith that I am free 50: To wedde, a goddes half, where it liketh me. 51: He seith that to be wedded is no synne; 52: Bet is to be wedded than to brynne 53: What rekketh me, thogh folk seye vileynye 54: Of shrewed lameth and his bigamye? 55: I woot wel abraham was an hooly man, 56: And jacob eek, as ferforth as I kan; 57: And ech of hem hadde wyves mo than two, 58: And many another holy man also. 59: Wher can ye seye, in any manere age, 60: That hye God defended mariage 61: By expres word? I pray yow, telleth me. 62: Or where comanded he virginitee? 63: I woot as wel as ye, it is no drede, 64: Th' apostel, whan he speketh of maydenhede, 65: He seyde that precept therof hadde he noon. 66: Men may conseille a womman to been oon, 67: But conseillyng is no comandement. 68: He putte it in oure owene juggement; 69: For hadde God comanded maydenhede, 70: Thanne hadde he dampned weddyng with the dede. 71: And certes, if ther were no seed ysowe, 72: Virginitee, thanne wherof sholde it growe? 73: Poul dorste nat comanden, atte leeste, 74: A thyng of which his maister yaf noon heeste. 75: The dart is set up for birginitee: 76: Cacche whoso may, who renneth best lat see. 77: But this word is nat taken of every wight, 78: But ther as God lust gyve it of his myght. 79: I woot wel that th' apostel was a mayde; 80: But nathelees, thogh that he wroot and sayde 81: He wolde that every wight were swich as he, 82: Al nys but conseil to virginitee. 83: And for to been a wyf he yaf me leve 84: Of indulgence; so nys it no repreve 85: To wedde me, if that my make dye, 86: Withouten excepcion of bigamye. 87: Al were it good no womman for to touche, -- 88: He mente as in his bed or in his couche; 89: For peril is bothe fyr and tow t' assemble: 90: Ye knowe what this ensample may resemble. 91: This is al and som, he heeld virginitee 92: Moore parfit than weddyng in freletee. 93: Freletee clepe I, but if that he and she 94: Wolde leden al hir lyf in chastitee. 95: I graunte it wel, I have noon envie, 96: Thogh maydenhede preferre bigamye. 97: It liketh hem to be clene, body and goost; 98: Of myn estaat I nyl nat make no boost. 99: For wel ye knowe, a lord in his houshold, 100: He nath nat every vessel al of gold; 101: Somme been of tree, and doon hir lord servyse. 102: God clepeth folk to hym in sondry wyse, 103: And everich hath of God a propre yifte, 104: Som this, som that, as hym liketh shifte. 105: Virginitee is greet perfeccion, 106: And continence eek with devocion, 107: But crist, that of perfeccion is welle, 108: Bad nat every wight he sholde go selle 109: Al that he hadde, and gyve it to the poore 110: And in swich wise folwe hym and his foore. 111: He spak to hem that wolde lyve parfitly; 112: And lordynges, by youre leve, that am nat I. 113: I wol bistowe the flour of al myn age 114: In the actes and in fruyt of mariage. 115: Telle me also, to what conclusion 116: Were membres maad of generacion, 117: And of so parfit wys a wight ywroght? 118: Trusteth right wel, they were nat maad for noght. 119: Glose whoso wole, and seye bothe up and doun, 120: That they were maked for purgacioun 121: Of uryne, and oure bothe thynges smale 122: Were eek to knowe a femele from a male, 123: And for noon oother cause, -- say ye no? 124: The experience woot wel it is noght so. 125: So that the clerkes be nat with me wrothe, 126: I sey this, that they maked ben for bothe, 127: This is to seye, for office, and for ese 128: Of engendrure, ther we nat God displese. 129: Why sholde men elles in hir bookes sette 130: That man shal yelde to his wyf hire dette? 131: Now wherwith sholde he make his paiement, 132: If he ne used his sely instrument? 133: Thanne were they maad upon a creature 134: To purge uryne, and eek for engendrure. 135: But I seye noght that every wight is holde, 136: That hath swich harneys as I to yow tolde, 137: To goon and usen hem in engendrure. 138: Thanne sholde men take of chastitee no cure. 139: Crist was a mayde, and shapen as a man, 140: And many a seint, sith that the world bigan; 141: Yet lyved they evere in parfit chastitee. 142: I nyl envye no virginitee. 143: Lat hem be breed of pured whete-seed, 144: And lat us wyves hoten barly-breed; 145: And yet with barly-breed, mark telle kan, 146: Oure lord jhesu refresshed many a man. 147: In swich estaat as God hath cleped us 148: I wol persevere; I nam nat precius. 149: In wyfhod I wol use myn instrument 150: As frely as my makere hath it sent. 151: If I be daungerous, God yeve me sorwe! 152: Myn housbonde shal it have bothe eve and morwe, 153: Whan that hym list come forth and paye his dette. 154: An housbonde I wol have, I wol nat lette, 155: Which shal be bothe my dettour and my thral, 156: And have his tribulacion withal 157: Upon his flessh, whil that I am his wyf. 158: I have the power durynge al my lyf 159: Upon his propre body, and noght he. 160: Right thus the apostel tolde it unto me; 161: And bad oure housbondes for to love us weel. 162: Al this sentence me liketh every deel -- 163: Up stirte the pardoner, and that anon: 164: Now, dame, quod he, by God and by seint john! 165: Ye been a noble prechour in this cas. 166: I was aboute to wedde a wyf; allas! 167: What sholde I bye it on my flessh so deere? 168: Yet hadde I levere wedde no wyf to-yeere! 169: Abyde! quod she, my tale is nat bigonne. 170: Nay, thou shalt drynken of another tonne, 171: Er that I go, shal savoure wors than ale. 172: And whan that I have toold thee forth my tale 173: Of tribulacion in mariage, 174: Of which I am expert in al myn age, 175: This is to seyn, myself have been the whippe, -- 176: Than maystow chese wheither thou wolt sippe 177: Of thilke tonne that I shal abroche. 178: Be war of it, er thou to ny approche; 179: For I shal telle ensamples mo than ten. 180: -- Whoso that nyl be war by othere men, 181: By hym shul othere men corrected be. -- 182: The same wordes writeth ptholomee; 183: Rede in his almageste, and take it there. 184: Dame, I wolde praye yow, if youre wyl it were, 185: Seyde this pardoner, as ye bigan, 186: Telle forth youre tale, spareth for no man, 187: And teche us yonge men of youre praktike. 188: Gladly, quod she, sith it may yow like; 189: But that I praye to al this compaignye, 190: If that I speke after my fantasye, 191: As taketh not agrief of that I seye; 192: For myn entente is nat but for to pleye. 193: Now, sire, now wol I telle forth my tale. -- 194: As evere moote I drynken wyn or ale, 195: I shal seye sooth, tho housbondes that I hadde, 196: As thre of hem were goode, and two were badde. 197: The thre were goode men, and riche, and olde; 198: Unnethe myghte they the statut holde 199: In which that they were bounden unto me. 200: Ye woot wel what I meene of this, pardee! 201: As help me god, I laughe whan I thynke 202: How pitously a-nyght I made hem swynke! 203: And, by my fey, I tolde of it no stoor. 204: They had me yeven hir lond and hir tresoor; 205: Me neded nat do lenger diligence 206: To wynne hir love, or doon hem reverence. 207: They loved me so wel, by God above, 208: That I ne tolde no deyntee of hir love! 209: A wys womman wol bisye hire evere in oon 210: To gete hire love, ye, ther as she hath noon. 211: But sith I hadde hem hoolly in myn hond, 212: And sith they hadde me yeven al hir lond, 213: What sholde I taken keep hem for to plese, 214: But it were for my profit and myn ese? 215: I sette hem so a-werke, by my fey, 216: That many a nyght they songen -- weilawey! -- 217: The bacon was nat fet for hem, I trowe, 218: That som men han in essex at dunmowe. 219: I governed hem so wel, after my lawe, 220: That ech of hem ful blisful was and fawe 221: To brynge me gaye thynges fro the fayre. 222: They were ful glad whan I spak to hem faire; 223: For, God it woot, I chidde hem spitously. 224: Now herkneth hou I baar me proprely, 225: Ye wise wyves, that kan understonde. 226: Thus shulde ye speke and bere hem wrong on honde; 227: For half so boldely kan ther no man 228: Swere and lyen, as a womman kan. 229: I sey nat this by wyves that been wyse, 230: But if it be whan they hem mysavyse. 231: A wys wyf shal, it that she kan hir good, 232: Bere hym on honde that the cow is wood, 233: And take witnesse of hir owene mayde 234: Of hir assemt; but herkneth how I sayde: 235: Sire olde kaynard, is this thyn array? 236: Why is my neighbores wyf so gay? 237: She is honoured over al ther she gooth; 238: I sitte at hoom I have no thrifty clooth. 239: What dostow at my neighebores hous? 240: Is she so fair? artow so amorous? 241: What rowne ye with oure mayde? benedicite! 242: Sire olde lecchour, lat thy japes be! 243: And if I have a gossib or a freend, 244: Withouten gilt, thou chidest as a feend, 245: If that I walke or pleye unto his hous! 246: Thou comest hoom as dronken as a mous, 247: And prechest on thy bench, with yvel preef! 248: Thou seist to me it is a greet meschief 249: To wedde a povre womman, for costage; 250: And if that she be riche, of heigh parage, 251: Thanne seistow that it is a tormentrie 252: To soffre hire pride and hire malencolie. 253: And if that she be fair, thou verray knave, 254: Thou seyst that every holour wol hire have; 255: She may no while in chastitee abyde, 256: That is assailled upon ech a syde. 257: Thou seyst som folk desiren us for richesse, 258: Somme for oure shap, and somme for oure fairnesse, 259: And som for she kan outher synge or daunce, 260: And som for gentillesse and daliaunce; 261: Som for hir handes and hir armes smale: 262: Thus goth al to the devel, by thy tale. 263: Thou seyst men may nat kepe a castel wal, 264: It may so longe assailled been over al. 265: And if that she be foul, thou seist that she 266: Coveiteth every man that she may se, 267: For as a spaynel she wol on hym lepe, 268: Til that she fynde som man hire to chepe. 269: Ne noon so grey goos gooth ther in the lake 270: As, seistow, wol been withoute make. 271: And seyst it is an hard thyng for to welde 272: A thyng that no man wole, his thankes, helde. 273: Thus seistow, lorel, whan thow goost to bedde; 274: And that no wys man nedeth for to wedde, 275: Ne no man that entendeth unto hevene. 276: With wilde thonder-dynt and firy levene 277: Moote thy welked nekke be tobroke! 278: Thow seyst that droppyng houses, and eek smoke, 279: And chidyng wyves maken men to flee 280: Out of his owene hous; a! benedicitee! 281: What eyleth swich an old man for to chide? 282: Thow seyst we wyves wol oure vices hide 283: Til we be fast, and thanne we wol hem shewe, -- 284: Wel may that be a proverbe of a shrewe! 285: Thou seist that oxen, asses, hors, and houndes, 286: They been assayed at diverse stoundes; 287: Bacyns, lavours, er that men hem bye, 288: Spoones and stooles, and al swich housbondrye, 289: And so been pottes, clothes, and array; 290: But folk of wyves maken noon assay, 291: Til they be wedded; olde dotard shrewe! 292: And thanne, seistow, we wol oure vices shewe. 293: Thou seist also that it displeseth me 294: But if that thou wolt preyse my beautee, 295: And but thou poure alwey upon my face, 296: And clepe me faire dame in every place. 297: And but thou make a feeste on thilke day 298: That I was born, and make me fressh and gay; 299: And but thou do to my norice honour, 300: And to my chamberere withinne my bour, 301: And to my fadres folk and his allyes, -- 302: Thus seistow, olde barel-ful of lyes! 303: And yet of oure apprentice janekyn, 304: For his crispe heer, shynynge as gold so fyn, 305: And for he squiereth me bothe up and doun, 306: Yet hastow caught a fals suspecioun. 307: I wol hym noght, thogh thou were deed tomorwe! 308: But tel me this: why hydestow, with sorwe, 309: They keyes of thy cheste awey fro me? 310: It is my good as wel as thyn, pardee! 311: What, wenestow make an ydiot of oure dame? 312: Now by that lord that called is seint jame, 313: Thou shalt nat bothe, thogh that thou were wood, 314: Be maister of my body and of my good; 315: That oon thou shalt forgo, maugree thyne yen. 316: What helpith it of me to enquere or spyen? 317: I trowe thou woldest loke me in thy chiste? 318: Thou sholdest seye, wyf, go wher thee liste; 319: Taak youre disport, I wol nat leve no talys. 320: I knowe yow for a trewe wyf, dame alys. 321: We love no man that taketh kep or charge 322: Wher that we goon; we wol ben at oure large. 323: Of alle men yblessed moot he be, 324: The wise astrologien, daun ptholome, 325: That seith this proverbe in his almageste -- 326: Of alle men his wysdom is the hyeste 327: That rekketh nevere who hath the world in honde. 328: By this proverbe thou shalt understonde, 329: Have thou ynogh, what thar thee recche or care 330: How myrily that othere folkes fare? 331: For, certeyn, olde dotard, by youre leve, 332: Ye shul have queynte right ynogh at eve. 333: He is to greet a nygard that wolde werne 334: A man to light a candle at his lanterne; 335: He shal have never the lasse light, pardee. 336: Have thou ynogh, thee thar nat pleyne thee. 337: Thou seyst also, that if we make us gay 338: With clothyng, and with precious array, 339: That it is peril of oure chastitee; 340: And yet, with sorwe! thou most enforce thee, 341: And seye thise wordes in the apostles name: 342: in habit maad with chastitee and shame 343: Ye wommen shul apparaille yow, quod he, 344: And noght in tressed heer and gay perree, 345: As perles, ne with gold, ne clothes riche. 346: After thy text, ne after thy rubriche, 347: I wol nat wirche as muchel as a gnat. 348: Thou seydest this, that I was lyk a cat; 349: For whoso wolde senge a cattes skyn, 350: Thanne wolde the cat wel dwellen in his in; 351: And if the cattes skyn be slyk and gay, 352: She wol nat dwelle in house half a day, 353: But forth she wole, er any day be dawed, 354: To shewe hir skyn, and goon a-caterwawed. 355: This is to seye, if I be gay, sire shrewe, 356: I wol renne out, my borel for to shewe. 357: Sire olde fool, what helpeth thee to spyen? 358: Thogh thou preye argus with his hundred yen 359: To be my warde-cors, as he kan best, 360: In feith, he shal nat kepe me but me lest; 361: Yet koude I make his berd, so moot I thee! 362: Thou seydest eek that ther been thynges thre, 363: The whiche thynges troublen al this erthe, 364: And that no wight may endure the ferthe. 365: O leeve sire shrewe, jhesu shorte thy lyf! 366: Yet prechestow and seyst and hateful wyf 367: Yrekened is for oon of thise meschances. 368: Been ther none othere maner resemblances 369: That ye may likne youre parables to, 370: But if a sely wyf be oon of tho? 371: Thou liknest eek wommenes love to helle, 372: To bareyne lond, ther water may nat dwelle. 373: Thou liknest it also to wilde fyr; 374: The moore it brenneth, the moore it hath desir 375: To consume every thyng that brent wole be. 376: Thou seyest, right as wormes shende a tree, 377: Right so a wyf destroyeth hire housbonde; 378: This knowe they that been to wyves bonde. -- 379: Lordynges, right thus, as ye have understonde, 380: Baar I stifly myne olde housbondes on honde 381: That thus they seyden in hir dronkenesse; 382: And al was fals, but that I took witnesse 383: On janekyn, and on my nece also. 384: O lord! the peyne I dide hem and the wo, 385: Ful giltelees, by goddes sweete pyne! 386: For as an hors I koude byte and whyne. 387: I koude pleyne, and yit was in the gilt, 388: Or elles often tyme hadde I been spilt. 389: Whose that first to mille comth, first grynt; 390: I pleyned first, so was oure werre ystynt. 391: They were ful glade to excuse hem blyve 392: Of thyng of which they nevere agilte hir lyve. 393: Of wenches wolde I beren hem on honde, 394: Whan that for syk unnethes myghte they stonde. 395: Yet tikled I his herte, for that he 396: Wende that I hadde of hym so greet chiertee! 397: I swoor that al my walkynge out by nyghte 398: Was for t' espye wenches that he dighte; 399: Under that colour hadde I many a myrthe. 400: For al swich wit is yeven us in oure byrthe; 401: Deceite, wepyng, spynnyng God hath yive 402: To wommen kyndely, whil that they may lyve. 403: And thus of o thyng I avaunte me, 404: Atte ende I hadde the bettre in ech degree, 405: By sleighte, or force, or by som maner thyng, 406: As by continueel murmur or grucchyng. 407: Namely abedde hadden they meschaunce: 408: Ther wolde I chide, and do hem no plesaunce; 409: I wolde no lenger in the bed abyde, 410: If that I felte his arm over my syde, 411: Til he had maad his raunson unto me; 412: Thanne wolde I suffre hym do his necetee. 413: And therfore every man this tale I telle, 414: Wynne whose may, for al is for to selle; 415: With empty hand men may none haukes lure. 416: For wynnyng wolde I al his lust endure, 417: And make me feyned appetit; 418: And yet in bacon hadde I nevere delit; 419: That made me that evere I wolde hem chide. 420: For thogh the pope hadde seten hem biside, 421: I wolde nat spare hem at hir owene bord; 422: For, by my trouthe, I quitte hem word for word. 423: As helpe me verray God omnipotent, 424: Though I right now sholde make my testament, 425: I ne owe hem nat a word that it nys quit. 426: I broghte it so aboute by my wit 427: That they moste yeve it up, as for the beste, 428: Or elles hadde we nevere been in reste. 429: For thogh he looked as a wood leon, 430: Yet sholde he faille of his conclusion. 431: Thanne wolde I seye, -- goode lief, taak keep 432: How mekely looketh wilkyn, oure sheep! 433: Com neer, my spouse, lat me ba thy cheke! 434: Ye sholde been al pacient and meke, 435: And han a sweete spiced conscience, 436: Sith ye so preche of jobes pacience. 437: Suffreth alwey, syn ye so wel kan preche; 438: And but ye do, certein we shal yow teche 439: That it is fair to have a wyf in pees. 440: Oon of us two moste bowen, doutelees; 441: And sith a man is moore resonable 442: Than womman is, ye moste been suffrable. 443: What eyleth yow to grucche thus and grone? 444: Is it for ye wolde have my queynte allone? 445: Wy, taak it al! lo, have it every deel! 446: Peter! I shrewe yow, but ye love it weel; 447: For if I wolde selle my bele chose, 448: I koude walke as fressh as is a rose; 449: But I wol kepe it for youre owene tooth. 450: Ye be to blame, by god! I sey yow sooth. -- 451: Swiche manere wordes hadde we on honde. 452: Now wol I speken of my fourthe housbonde. 453: My fourthe housbonde was a revelour; 454: This is to seyn, he hadde a paramour; 455: And I was yong and ful of ragerye, 456: Stibourn and strong, and joly as a pye. 457: How koude I daunce to an harpe smale, 458: And synge, ywis, as any nyghtyngale, 459: Whan I had dronke a draughte of sweete wyn! 460: Metellius, the foule cherl, the swyn, 461: That with a staf birafte his wyf hir lyf, 462: For she drank wyn, thogh I hadde been his wyf, 463: He sholde nat han daunted me from drynke! 464: And after wyn on venus moste I thynke, 465: For al so siker as cold engendreth hayl, 466: A likerous mouth moste han a likerous tayl. 467: In wommen vinolent is no defence, -- 468: This knowen lecchours by experience. 469: But, lord crist! whan that it remembreth me 470: Upon my yowthe, and on my jolitee, 471: It tikleth me aboute myn herte roote. 472: Unto this day it dooth myn herte boote 473: That I have had my world as in my tyme. 474: But age, allas! that al wole envenyme, 475: Hath me biraft my beautee and my pith. 476: Lat go, farewel! the devel go therwith! 477: The flour is goon, ther is namoore to telle; 478: The bren, as I best kan, now moste I selle; 479: But yet to be right myrie wol I fonde. 480: Now wol I tellen of my fourthe housbonde. 481: I seye, I hadde in herte greet despit 482: That he of any oother had delit. 483: But he was quit, by God and by seint joce! 484: I made hym of the same wode a croce; 485: Nat of my body, in no foul manere, 486: But certeinly, I made folk swich cheere 487: That in his owene grece I made hym frye 488: For angre, and for verray jalousye. 489: By god! in erthe I was his purgatorie, 490: For which I hope his soule be in glorie. 491: For, God it woot, he sat ful ofte and song, 492: Whan that his shoo ful bitterly hym wrong. 493: Ther was no wight, save God and he, that wiste, 494: In many wise, how soore I hym twiste. 495: He deyde whan I cam fro jerusalem, 496: And lith ygrave under the roode beem, 497: Al is his tombe noght so curyus 498: As was the sepulcre of hym daryus, 499: Which that appeles wroghte subtilly; 500: It nys but wast to burye hym preciously. 501: Lat hym fare wel, God yeve his soul reste! 502: He is now in his grave and in his cheste. 503: Now of my fifthe housbonde wol I telle. 504: God lete his soule nevere come in helle! 505: And yet was he to me the mooste shrewe; 506: That feele I on my ribbes al by rewe, 507: And evere shal unto myn endyng day. 508: But in oure bed he was so fressh and gay, 509: And therwithal so wel koude he me glose, 510: Whan that he wolde han my bele chose, 511: That thogh he hadde me bete on every bon, 512: He koude wynne agayn my love anon. 513: I trowe I loved hym best, for that he 514: Was of his love daungerous to me. 515: We wommen han if that I shal nat lye, 516: In this matere a queynte fantasye; 517: Wayte what thyng we may nat lightly have, 518: Therafter wol we crie al day and crave. 519: Forbede us thyng, and that desiren we; 520: Preesse on us faste, and thanne wol we fle. 521: With daunger oute we al oure chaffare; 522: Greet prees at market maketh deere ware, 523: And to greet cheep is holde at litel prys: 524: This knoweth every womman that is wys. 525: My fifthe housbonde, God his soule blesse! 526: Which that I took for love, and no richesse, 527: He som tyme was a clerk of oxenford, 528: And hadde left scole, and wente at hom to bord 529: With my gossib, dwellynge in oure toun; 530: God have hir soule! hir name was alisoun. 531: She knew myn herte, and eek my privetee, 532: Bet than oure parisshe preest, so moot I thee! 533: To hire biwreyed I my conseil al. 534: For hadde myn housbonde pissed on a wal, 535: Or doon a thyng that sholde han cost his lyf, 536: To hire, and to another worthy wyf, 537: And to my nece, which that I loved weel, 538: I wolde han toold his conseil every deel. 539: And so I dide ful often, God it woot, 540: That made his face often reed and hoot 541: For verray shame, and blamed hymself for he 542: Had toold to me so greet a pryvetee. 543: And so bifel that ones in a lente -- 544: So often tymes I to my gossyb wente, 545: For evere yet I loved to be gay, 546: And for to walke in march, averill, and may, 547: Fro hous to hous, to heere sondry talys -- 548: That jankyn clerk, and my gossyb dame alys, 549: And I myself, into the feeldes wente. 550: Myn housbonde was at londoun al that lente; 551: I hadde the bettre leyser for to pleye, 552: And for to se, and eek for to be seye 553: Of lusty folk. What wiste I wher my grace 554: Was shapen for to be, or in what place? 555: Therfore I made my visitaciouns 556: To vigilies and to processiouns, 557: To prechyng eek, and to thise pilgrimages, 558: To pleyes of myracles, and to mariages, 559: And wered upon my gaye scarlet gytes. 560: Thise wormes, ne thise motthes, ne thise mytes, 561: Upon my peril, frete hem never a deel; 562: And wostow why? for they were used weel. 563: Now wol I tellen forth what happed me. 564: I seye that in the feeldes walked we, 565: Til trewely we hadde swich daliance, 566: This clerk and I, that of my purveiance 567: I spak to hym and seyde hym how that he, 568: If I were wydwe, sholde wedde me. 569: For certeinly, I sey for no bobance, 570: Yet was I nevere withouten purveiance 571: Of mariage, n' of othere thynges eek. 572: I holde a mouses herte nat worth a leek 573: That hath but oon hole for to sterte to, 574: And if that faille, thanne is al ydo. 575: I bar hym on honde he hadde enchanted me, -- 576: My dame taughte me that soutiltee. 577: And eek I seyde I mette of hym al nyght, 578: He wolde han slayn me as I lay upright, 579: And al my bed was ful of verray blood; 580: But yet I hope that he shal do me good, 581: For blood bitokeneth gold, as me was taught. 582: And al was fals; I dremed of it right naught, 583: But as I folwed ay my dames loore, 584: As wel of this as of othere thynges moore. 585: But now, sire, lat me se, what I shal seyn? 586: A ha! by god, I have my tale ageyn. 587: Whan that my fourthe housbonde was on beere, 588: I weep algate, and made sory cheere, 589: As wyves mooten, for it is usage, 590: And with my coverchief covered my visage, 591: But for that I was purveyed of a make, 592: I wepte but smal, and that I undertake. 593: To chirche was myn housbonde born a-morwe 594: With neighebores, that for hym maden sorwe; 595: And jankyn, oure clerk, was oon of tho. 596: As help me god! whan that I saugh hym go 597: After the beere, me thoughte he hadde a paire 598: Of legges and of feet so clene and faire 599: That al myn herte I yaf unto his hoold. 600: He was, I trowe, a twenty wynter oold, 601: And I was fourty, if I shal seye sooth; 602: But yet I hadde alwey a coltes tooth. 603: Gat-tothed I was, and that bicam me weel; 604: I hadde the prente of seinte venus seel. 605: As help me god! I was a lusty oon, 606: And faire, and riche, and yong, and wel bigon; 607: And trewely, as myne housbondes tolde me, 608: I hadde the beste quoniam myghte be. 609: For certes, I am al venerien 610: In feelynge, and myn herte is marcien. 611: Venus me yaf my lust, my likerousnesse, 612: And mars yaf me my sturdy hardynesse; 613: Myn ascendent was taur, and mars therinne. 614: Allas! allas! that evere love was synne! 615: I folwed ay myn inclinacioun 616: By vertu of my constellacioun; 617: That made me I koude noght withdrawe 618: My chambre of venus from a good felawe. 619: Yet have I martes mark upon my face, 620: And also in another privee place. 621: For God so wys be my savacioun, 622: I ne loved nevere by no discrecioun, 623: But evere folwede myn appetit, 624: Al were he short, or long, or blak, or whit; 625: I took no kep, so that he liked me, 626: How poore he was, ne eek of what degree. 627: What sholde I seye? but, at the monthes ende, 628: This joly clerk, jankyn, that was so hende, 629: Hath wedded me with greet solempnytee; 630: And to hym yaf I al the lond and fee 631: That evere was me yeven therbifoore. 632: But afterward repented me ful soore; 633: He nolde suffre nothyng of my list. 634: By god! he smoot me ones on the lyst, 635: For that I rente out of his book a leef, 636: That of the strook myn ere wax al deef. 637: Stibourn I was as is a leonesse, 638: And of my tonge verray jangleresse, 639: And walke I wolde, as I had doon biforn, 640: From hous to hous, although he had it sworn; 641: For which he often tymes wolde preche, 642: And me of olde romayn geestes teche; 643: How he symplicius gallus lefte his wyf, 644: And hire forsook for terme of al his lyf, 645: Noght but for open-heveded he hir say 646: Lookynge out at his dore upon a day. 647: Another romayn tolde he me by name, 648: That, for his wyf was at a someres game 649: Withouten his wityng, he forsook hire eke. 650: And thanne wolde he upon his bible seke 651: That ilke proverbe of ecclesiaste 652: Where he comandeth, and forbedeth faste, 653: Man shal nat suffre his wyf go roule aboute. 654: Thanne wolde he seye right thus, withouten doute: 655: -whoso that buyldeth his hous al of salwes, 656: And priketh his blynde hors over the falwes, 657: And suffreth his wyf to go seken halwes, 658: Is worthy to been hanged on the galwes! -- 659: But al for noght, I sette noght an hawe 660: Of his proverbes n' of his olde sawe, 661: Ne I wolde nat of hym corrected be. 662: I hate hym that my vices telleth me, 663: And so doo mo, God woot, of us than I. 664: This made hym with me wood al outrely; 665: I nolde noght forbere hym in no cas. 666: Now wol I seye yow sooth, by seint thomas, 667: Why that I rente out of his book a leef, 668: For which he smoot me so that I was deef. 669: He hadde a book that gladly, nyght and day, 670: For his desport he wolde rede alway; 671: He cleped it valerie and theofraste, 672: At which book he lough alwey ful faste. 673: And eek ther was somtyme a clerk at rome, 674: A cardinal, that highte seint jerome, 675: That made a book agayn jovinian; 676: In which book eek ther was tertulan, 677: Crisippus, trotula, and helowys, 678: That was abbesse nat fer fro parys; 679: And eek the parables of salomon, 680: Ovides art, and bookes many on, 681: And alle thise were bounden in o volume. 682: And every nyght and day was his custume, 683: Whan he hadde leyser and vacacioun 684: From oother worldly occupacioun, 685: To reden on this book of wikked wyves. 686: He knew of hem mo legendes and lyves 687: Than been of goode wyves in the bible. 688: For trusteth wel, it is an impossible 689: That any clerk wol speke good of wyves, 690: But if it be of hooly seintes lyves, 691: Ne of noon oother womman never the mo. 692: Who peyntede the leon, tel me who? 693: By god! if wommen hadde writen stories, 694: As clerkes han withinne hire oratories, 695: They wolde han writen of men moore wikkednesse 696: Than al the mark of adam may redresse. 697: The children of mercurie and of venus 698: Been in hir wirkyng ful contrarius; 699: Mercurie loveth wysdam and science, 700: And venus loveth ryot and dispence. 701: And, for hire diverse disposicioun, 702: Ech falleth in otheres exaltacioun. 703: And thus, God woot, mercurie is desolat 704: In pisces, wher venus is exaltat; 705: And venus falleth ther mercurie is reysed. 706: Therfore no womman of no clerk is preysed. 707: The clerk, whan he is oold, and may noght do 708: Of venus werkes worth his olde sho, 709: Thanne sit he doun, and writ in his dotage 710: That wommen kan nat kepe hir mariage! 711: But now to purpos, why I tolde thee 712: That I was beten for a book, pardee! 713: Upon a nyght jankyn, that was oure sire, 714: Redde on his book, as he sat by the fire, 715: Of eva first, that for hir wikkednesse 716: Was al mankynde broght to wrecchednesse, 717: For which that jhesu crist hymself was slayn, 718: That boghte us with his herte blood agayn. 719: Lo, heere expres of womman may ye fynde, 720: That womman was the los of al mankynde. 721: The redde he me how sampson loste his heres: 722: Slepynge, his lemman kitte it with hir sheres; 723: Thurgh which treson loste he bothe his yen. 724: Tho redde he me, if that I shal nat lyen, 725: Of hercules and of his dianyre, 726: That caused hym to sette hymself afyre. 727: No thyng forgat he the care and the wo 728: That socrates hadde with his wyves two; 729: How xantippa caste pisse upon his heed. 730: This sely man sat stille as he were deed; 731: He wiped his heed, namoore dorste he seyn, 732: But -- er that thonder stynte, comth a reyn! -- 733: Of phasipha, that was the queen of crete, 734: For shrewednesse, hym thoughte the tale swete; 735: Fy! spek namoore -- it is a grisly thyng -- 736: Of hire horrible lust and hir likyng. 737: Of clitermystra, for hire lecherye, 738: That falsly made hire housbonde for to dye, 739: He redde it with ful good devocioun. 740: He tolde me eek for what occasioun 741: Amphiorax at thebes loste his lyf. 742: Myn housbonde hadde a legende of his wyf, 743: Eriphilem, that for an ouche of gold 744: Hath prively unto the grekes told 745: Wher that hir housbonde hidde hym in a place, 746: For which he hadde at thebes sory grace. 747: Of lyvia tolde he me, and of lucye: 748: They bothe made hir housbondes for to dye; 749: That oon for love, that oother was for hate. 750: Lyvia hir housbonde, on an even late, 751: Empoysoned hath, for that she was his fo; 752: Lucia, likerous, loved hire housbonde so 753: That, for he sholde alwey upon hire thynke, 754: She yaf hym swich a manere love-drynke 755: That he was deed er it were by the morwe; 756: And thus algates housbondes han sorwe. 757: Thanne tolde he me how oon latumyus 758: Compleyned unto his felawe arrius 759: That in his gardyn growed swich a tree 760: On which he seyde how that his wyves thre 761: Hanged hemself for herte despitus. 762: -- O leeve brother, -- quod this arrius, 763: -- Yif me a plante of thilke blissed tree, 764: And in my gardyn planted shal it bee. -- 765: Of latter date, of wyves hath he red 766: That somme han slayn hir housbondes in hir bed, 767: And lete hir lecchour dighte hire al the nyght, 768: Whan that the corps lay in the floor upright. 769: And somme han dryve nayles in hir brayn, 770: Whil that they slepte, and thus they had hem slayn. 771: Somme han hem yeve poysoun in hire drynke. 772: He spak moore harm than herte may bithynke; 773: And therwithal he knew of mo proverbes 774: Than in this world ther growen gras or herbes. 775: -- Bet is, -- quod he, -- thyn habitacioun 776: Be with a leon or foul dragoun, 777: Than with a womman usynge for to chyde -- 778: -- Bet is, -- quod he, -- hye in the roof abyde, 779: Than with an angry wyf doun in the hous; 780: They been so wikked and contrarious, 781: They haten that hir housbondes loven ay. -- 782: He seyde, -- a womman cast hir shame away, 783: Whan she cast of hir smok; -- and forthermo, 784: -- A fair womman, but she be chaast also, 785: Is lyk a gold ryng in a sowes nose. -- 786: Who wolde wene, or who wolde suppose, 787: The wo that in myn herte was, and pyne? 788: And whan I saugh he wolde nevere fyne 789: To reden on this cursed book al nyght, 790: Al sodeynly thre leves have I plyght 791: Out of his book, right as he radde, and eke 792: I with my fest so took hym on the cheke 793: That in oure fyr he fil bakward adoun. 794: And he up stirte as dooth a wood leoun, 795: And with his fest he smoot me on the heed, 796: That in the floor I lay as I were deed. 797: And whan he saugh how stille that I lay, 798: He was agast, and wolde han fled his way, 799: Til atte laste out of my swogh I breyde. 800: -- O! hastow slayn me, false theef? -- I seyde, 801: -- And for my land thus hastow mordred me? 802: Er I be deed, yet wol I kisse thee. -- 803: And neer he cam and kneled faire adoun, 804: And seyde, -- deere suster alisoun, 805: As help me god! I shal thee nevere smyte. 806: That I have doon, it is thyself to wyte. 807: Foryeve it me, and that I thee biseke! -- 808: And yet eftsoones I hitte hym on the cheke, 809: And seyde, -- theef, thus muchel am I wreke; 810: Now wol I dye, I may no lenger speke. -- 811: But atte laste, with muchel care and wo, 812: We fille acorded by us selven two. 813: He yaf me al the bridel in myn hond, 814: To han the governance of hous and lond, 815: And of his tonge, and of his hond also; 816: And made hym brenne his book anon right tho. 817: And whan that I hadde geten unto me, 818: By maistrie, al the soveraynette, 819: And that he seyde, -- myn owene trewe wyf, 820: Do as thee lust the terme of al thy lyf; 821: Keep thyn honour, and keep eek myn estaat -- 822: After that day we hadden never debaat. 823: God helpe me so, I was to hym as kynde 824: As any wyf from denmark unto ynde, 825: And also trewe, and so was he to me. 826: I prey to god, that sit in magestee, 827: So blesse his soule for his mercy deere. 828: Now wol I seye my tale, if ye wol heere. 829: The frere lough, whan he hadde herd al this; 830: Now dame, quod he, so have I joye or blis, 831: This is a long preamble of a tale! 832: And whan the somonour herde the frere gale, 833: Lo, quod the somonour, goddes armes two! 834: A frere wol entremette hym everemo. 835: Lo, goode men, a flye and eek a frere 836: Wol falle in every dyssh and eek mateere. 837: What spwkestow of preambulacioun? 838: What! amble, or trotte, or pees, or go sit doun! 839: Thou lettest oure disport in this manere. 840: Ye, woltow so, sire somonour? quod the frere; 841: Now, by my feith, I shal, er that I go, 842: Telle of a somonour swich a tale or two, 843: That alle the folk shal laughen in this place. 844: Now elles, frere, I bishrewe thy face, 845: Quod this somonour, and I bishrewe me, 846: But if I telle tales two or thre 847: Of freres, er I come to sidyngborne, 848: That I shal make thyn herte for to morne, 849: For wel I woot thy pacience is gon. 850: Oure hooste cride pees! and that anon! 851: And seyde, lat the womman telle hire tale. 852: Ye fare as folk that dronken ben of ale. 853: Do, dame, telle forth youre tale, and that is best. 854: Al redy, sire, quod she, right as yow lest, 855: If I have licence of this worthy frere. 856: Yis, dame, quod he, tel forth, and I wol heere. The Wife of Bath's Tale 857: In th' olde dayes of the kyng arthour, 858: Of which that britons speken greet honour, 859: Al was this land fulfild of fayerye. 860: The elf-queene, with hir joly compaignye, 861: Daunced ful ofte in many a grene mede. 862: This was the olde opinion, as I rede; 863: I speke of manye hundred yeres ago. 864: But now kan no man se none elves mo, 865: For now the grete charitee and prayers 866: Of lymytours and othere hooly freres, 867: That serchen every lond and every streem, 868: As thikke as motes in the sonne-beem, 869: Blessynge halles, chambres, kichenes, boures, 870: Citees, burghes, castels, hye toures, 871: Thropes, bernes, shipnes, dayeryes -- 872: This maketh that ther ben no fayeryes. 873: For ther as wont to walken was an elf, 874: Ther walketh now the lymytour hymself 875: In undermeles and in morwenynges, 876: And seyth his matyns and his hooly thynges 877: As he gooth in his lymytacioun. 878: Wommen may go now saufly up and doun. 879: In every bussh or under every tree 880: Ther is noon oother incubus but he, 881: And he ne wol doon hem but dishonour. 882: And so bifel it that this kyng arthour 883: Hadde in his hous a lusty bacheler, 884: That on a day cam ridynge fro ryver; 885: And happed that, allone as he was born, 886: He saugh a mayde walkynge hym biforn, 887: Of which mayde anon, maugree hir heed, 888: By verray force, he rafte hire maydenhed; 889: For which oppressioun was swich clamour 890: And swich pursute unto the kyng arthour, 891: That dampned was this knyght for to be deed, 892: By cours of lawe, and sholde han lost his heed -- 893: Paraventure swich was the statut tho -- 894: But that the queene and othere ladyes mo 895: So longe preyeden the kyng of grace, 896: Til he his lyf hym graunted in the place, 897: And yaf hym to the queene, al at hir wille, 898: To chese wheither she wolde hym save or spille. 899: The queene thanketh the kyng with al hir myght, 900: And after this thus spak she to the knyght, 901: Whan that she saugh hir tyme, upon a day: 902: Thou standest yet, quod she, in swich array 903: That of thy lyf yet hastow no suretee. 904: I grante thee lyf, if thou kanst tellen me 905: What thyng is it that wommen moost desiren. 906: Be war, and keep thy nekke-boon from iren! 907: And if thou kanst nat tellen it anon, 908: Yet wol I yeve thee leve for to gon 909: A twelf-month and a day, to seche and leere 910: An answere suffisant in this mateere; 911: And suretee wol I han, er that thou pace, 912: Thy body for to yelden in this place. 913: Wo was this knyght, and sorwefully he siketh; 914: But what! he may nat do al as hym liketh. 915: And at the laste he chees hym for to wende, 916: And come agayn, right at the yeres ende, 917: With swich answere as God wolde hym purveye; 918: And taketh his leve, and wendeth froth his weye. 919: He seketh every hous and and every place 920: Where as he hopeth for to fynde grace, 921: To lerne what thyng wommen loven moost; 922: But he ne koude arryven in no coost 923: Wher as he myghte fynde in this mateere 924: Two creatures accordynge in-feere. 925: Somme seyde wommen loven best richesse, 926: Somme seyde honour, somme seyde jolynesse, 927: Somme riche array, somme seyden lust abedde, 928: And oftetyme to be wydwe and wedde. 929: Somme seyde that oure hertes been moost esed 930: Whan that we ben yflatered and yplesed. 931: He gooth ful ny the sothe, I wol nat lye. 932: A man shal wynne us best with flaterye; 933: And with attendance, and with bisynesse, 934: Been we ylymed, bothe moore and lesse. 935: And somme seyen that we loven best 936: For to be free, and do right as us lest, 937: And that no man repreve us of oure vice, 938: But seye that we be wise, and no thyng nyce. 939: For trewely ther is noon of us alle, 940: If any wight wol clawe us on the galle, 941: That we nel kike, for he seith us sooth. 942: Assay, and he shal fynde it that so dooth; 943: For, be we never so vicious withinne, 944: We wol been holden wise and clene of synne. 945: And somme seyn that greet delit han we 946: For to been holden stable, and eek secree, 947: And in o purpos stedefastly to dwelle, 948: And nat biwreye thyng that men us telle. 949: But that tale is nat worth a rake-stele. 950: Pardee, we wommen konne no thyng hele; 951: Witnesse on myda, -- wol ye heere the tale? 952: Ovyde, amonges othere thynges smale, 953: Seyde myda hadde, under his longe heres, 954: Growynge upon his heed two asses eres, 955: The whiche vice he hydde, as he best myghte, 956: Ful subtilly from every mannes sighte, 957: That, save his wyf, ther wiste of it namo. 958: He loved hire moost, and trusted hire also; 959: He preyede hire that to no creature 960: She sholde tellen of his disfigure. 961: She swoor him, nay, for al this world to wynne, 962: She nolde do that vileynye or synne, 963: To make hir housbonde han so foul a name. 964: She nolde nat telle it for hir owene shame. 965: But nathelees, hir thoughte that she dyde, 966: That she so longe sholde a conseil hyde; 967: Hir thoughte it swal so soore aboute hir herte 968: That nedely som word hire moste asterte; 969: And sith she dorste telle it to no man, 970: Doun to a mareys faste by she ran 971: Til she cam there, hir herte was a-fyre -- 972: And as a bitore bombleth in the myre, 973: She leyde hir mouth unto the water doun: 974: Biwreye me nat, thou water, with thy soun, 975: Quod she; -- to thee I telle it and namo; 976: Myn housbonde hath longe asses erys two! 977: Now is myn herte al hool, now is it oute. 978: I myghte no lenger kepe it, out of doute. 979: Heere may ye se, thogh we a tyme abyde, 980: Yet out it moot; we kan no conseil hyde. 981: The remenant of the tale if ye wol heere, 982: Redeth ovyde, and ther ye may it leere. 983: This knyght, of which my tale is specially, 984: Than that he saugh he myghte nat come therby, 985: This is to seye, what wommen love moost, 986: Withinne his brest ful sorweful was the goost. 987: But hoom he gooth, he myghte nat sojourne; 988: The day was come that homward moste he tourne. 989: And in his wey it happed hym to ryde, 990: In al this care, under a forest syde, 991: Wher as he saugh upon a daunce go 992: Of ladyes foure and twenty, and yet mo; 993: Toward the whiche daunce he drow ful yerne, 994: In hope that som wysdom sholde he lerne. 995: But certeinly, er he cam fully there, 996: Vanysshed was this daunce, he nyste where. 997: No creature saugh he that bar lyf, 998: Save on the grene he saugh sittynge a wyf -- 999: A fouler wight ther may no man devyse. 1000: Agayn the knyght this olde wyf gan ryse, 1001: And seyde, sire knyght, heer forth ne lith no wey. 1002: Tel me what that ye seken, by youre fey! 1003: Paraventure it may the bettre be; 1004: Thise olde folk kan muchel thyng, quod she. 1005: My leeve mooder, quod this knyght, certeyn 1006: I nam but deed, but if that I kan seyn 1007: What thyng it is that wommen moost desire. 1008: Koude ye me wisse, I wolde wel quite youre hire. 1009: Plight me thy trouthe heere in myn hand, quod she, 1010: The nexte thyng that I requere thee, 1011: Thou shalt it do, if it lye in thy myght, 1012: And I wol telle it yow er it be nyght. 1013: Have heer my trouthe, quod the knyght, I grante. 1014: Thanne, quod she, I dar me wel avante 1015: Thy lyf is sauf; for I wol stonde therby, 1016: Upon my lyf, the queene wol seye as I. 1017: Lat se which is the proudeste of hem alle, 1018: That wereth on a coverchief or a calle, 1019: That day seye nay of that I shal thee teche. 1020: Lat us go forth, withouten lenger speche. 1021: Tho rowned she a pistel in his ere, 1022: And bad hym to be glad, and have no fere. 1023: Whan they be comen to the court, this knyght 1024: Seyde he had holde his day, as he hadde hight, 1025: And redy was his answere, as he sayde. 1026: Ful many a noble wyf, and many a mayde, 1027: And many a wydwe, for that they been wise, 1028: The queene hirself sittynge as a justise, 1029: Assembled been, his answere for to heere; 1030: And afterward this knyght was bode appeere. 1031: To every wight comanded was silence, 1032: And that the knyght sholde telle in audience 1033: What thyng that worldly wommen loven best. 1034: This knyght ne stood nat stille as doth a best, 1035: But to his questioun anon answerde 1036: With manly voys, that al the court it herde: 1037: My lige lady, generally, quod he, 1038: Wommen desiren to have sovereynetee 1039: As wel over his housbond as hir love, 1040: And for to been in maistrie hym above. 1041: This is youre mooste desir, thogh ye me kille. 1042: Dooth as yow list; I am heer at youre wille. 1043: In al the court ne was ther wyf, ne mayde, 1044: Ne wydwe, that contraried that he sayde, 1045: But seyden he was worthy han his lyf. 1046: And with that word up stirte the olde wyf, 1047: Which that the knyght saugh sittynge on the grene: 1048: Mercy, quod she, my sovereyn lady queene! 1049: Er that youre court departe, do me right. 1050: I taughte this answere unto the knyght; 1051: For which he plighte me his trouthe there, 1052: The firste thyng that I wolde hym requere, 1053: He wolde it do, if it lay in his myghte. 1054: Bifore the court thanne preye I thee, sir knyght, 1055: Quod she, that thou me take unto thy wyf; 1056: For wel thou woost that I have kept thy lyf. 1057: If I seye fals, sey nay, upon thy fey! 1058: This knyght answerde, allas! and weylawey! 1059: I woot right wel that swich was my biheste. 1060: For goddes love, as chees a newe requeste! 1061: Taak al my good, and lat my body go. 1062: Nay, thanne, quod she, I shrewe us bothe two! 1063: For thogh that I be foul, and oold, and poore, 1064: I nolde for al the metal, ne for oore, 1065: That under erthe is grave, or lith above, 1066: But if thy wyf I were, and eek thy love. 1067: My love? quod he, nay, my dampnacioun! 1068: Allas! that any of my nacioun 1069: Sholde evere so foule disparaged be! 1070: But al for noght; the ende is this, that he 1071: Constreyned was, he nedes moste hire wedde; 1072: And taketh his olde wyf, and gooth to bedde. 1073: Now wolden som men seye, paraventure, 1074: That for my necligence I do no cure 1075: To tellen yow the joye and al th' array 1076: That at the feeste was that ilke day. 1077: To which thyng shortly answeren I shal: 1078: I seye ther nas no joye ne feeste at al; 1079: Ther nas but hevynesse and muche sorwe. 1080: For prively he wedded hire on the morwe, 1081: And al day after hidde hym as an owle, 1082: So wo was hym, his wyf looked so foule. 1083: Greet was the wo the knyght hadde in his thoght, 1084: Whan he was with his wyf abedde ybroght; 1085: He walweth and he turneth to and fro. 1086: His olde wyf lay smylynge everemo, 1087: And seyde, o deere housbonde, benedicitee! 1088: Fareth every knyght thys with his wyf as ye? 1089: Is this the lawe of kyng arthures hous? 1090: Is every knyght of his so dangerous? 1091: I am youre owene love and eek youre wyf; 1092: I am she which that saved hath youre lyf, 1093: And, certes, yet ne dide I yow nevere unright; 1094: Why fare ye thus with me this firste nyght? 1095: Ye faren lyk a man had lost his wit. 1096: What is my gilt? for goddes love, tel me it, 1097: And it shal been amende, if I may. 1098: Amended? quod this knyght, allas! nay, nay! 1099: It wol nat been amended nevere mo. 1100: Thou art so loothly, and so oold also, 1101: And therto comen of so lough a kynde, 1102: That litel wonder is thogh I walwe and wynde. 1103: So wolde God myn herte wolde breste! 1104: Is this, quod she, the cause of youre unreste? 1105: Ye, certeinly, quod he, no wonder is. 1106: Now, sire, quod she, I koude amende al this, 1107: If that me liste, er it were dayes thre, 1108: So wel ye myghte bere yow unto me. 1109: But, for ye speken of swich gentillesse 1110: As is descended out of old richesse, 1111: That therfore sholden ye be gentil men, 1112: Swich arrogance is nat worth an hen. 1113: Looke who that is moost vertuous alway, 1114: Pryvee and apert, and moost entendeth ay 1115: To do the gentil dedes that he kan; 1116: Taak hym for the grettest gentil man. 1117: Crist wole we clayme of hym oure gentillesse, 1118: Nat of oure eldres for hire old richesse. 1119: For thogh they yeve us al hir heritage, 1120: For which we clayme to been of heigh parage, 1121: Yet may they nat biquethe, for no thyng, 1122: To noon of us hir vertuous lyvyng, 1123: That made hem gentil men ycalled be, 1124: And bad us folwen hem in swich degree. 1125: Wel kan the wise poete of florence, 1126: That highte dant, speken in this sentence. 1127: Lo, in swich maner rym is dantes tale: 1128: -- Ful selde up riseth by his brances smale 1129: Prowesse of man, for god, of his goodnesse, 1130: Wole that of hym we clayme oure gentillesse; -- 1131: For of oure eldres may we no thyng clayme 1132: But temporel thyng, that man may hurte and mayme. 1133: Eek every wight woot this as wel as I, 1134: If gentillesse were planted natureelly 1135: Unto a certeyn lynage doun the lyne, 1136: Pryvee and apert, thanne wolde they nevere fyne 1137: To doon of gentillesse the faire office; 1138: They myghte do no vileynye or vice. 1139: Taak fyr, and ber it in the derkeste hous 1140: Bitwix this and the mount of kaukasous, 1141: And lat men shette the dores and go thenne; 1142: Yet wole the fyr as faire lye and brenne 1143: As twenty thousand men myghte it biholde; 1144: His office natureel ay wol it holde, 1145: Up peril of my lyf, til that it dye. 1146: Heere may ye se wel how that genterye 1147: Is nat annexed to possessioun, 1148: Sith folk ne doon hir operacioun 1149: Alwey, as dooth the fyr, lo, in his kynde. 1150: For, God it woot, men may wel often fynde 1151: A lordes sone do shame and vileynye; 1152: And he that wole han pris of his gentrye, 1153: For he was boren of a gentil hous, 1154: And hadde his eldres noble and vertuous, 1155: And nel hymselven do no gentil dedis, 1156: Ne folwen his gentil auncestre that deed is, 1157: He nys nat gentil, be he duc or erl; 1158: For vileyns synful dedes make a cherl. 1159: For gentillesse nys but renomee 1160: Of thyne auncestres, for hire heigh bountee, 1161: Which is a strange thyng to thy persone. 1162: Thy gentillesse cometh fro God allone. 1163: Thanne comth oure verray gentillesse of grace; 1164: It was no thyng biquethe us with oure place. 1165: Thenketh how noble, as seith valerius, 1166: Was thilke tullius hostillius, 1167: That out of poverte roos to heigh noblesse. 1168: Reedeth senek, and redeth eek boece; 1169: Ther shul ye seen expres that it no drede is 1170: That he is gentil that dooth gentil dedis. 1171: And therfore, leeve housbonde, thus conclude: 1172: Al were it that myne auncestres were rude, 1173: Yet may the hye god, and so hope I, 1174: Grante me grace to lyven vertuously. 1175: Thanne am I gentil, whan that I bigynne 1176: To lyven vertuously and weyve synne. 1177: And ther as ye of poverte me repreeve, 1178: The hye god, on whom that we bileeve, 1179: In wilful poverte chees to lyve his lyf. 1180: And certes every man, mayden, or wyf, 1181: May understonde that jhesus, hevene kyng, 1182: Ne wolde nat chese a vicious lyvyng. 1183: Glad poverte is an honest thyng, certeyn; 1184: This wole senec and othere clerkes seyn. 1185: Whoso that halt hym payd of his poverte, 1186: I holde hym riche, al hadde he nat a sherte. 1187: He that coveiteth is a povre wight, 1188: For he wolde han that is nat in his myght; 1189: But he that noght hath, ne coveiteth have, 1190: Is riche, although ye holde hym but a knave. 1191: Verray poverte, it syngeth proprely; 1192: Juvenal seith of poverte myrily: 1193: -- The povre man, whan he goth by the weye, 1194: Bifore the theves he may synge and pleye. 1195: Poverte is hateful good and, as I gesse, 1196: A ful greet bryngere out of bisynesse; 1197: A greet amendere eek of sapience 1198: To hym that taketh it in pacience. 1199: Poverte is this, although it seme alenge, 1200: Possessioun that no wight wol chalenge. 1201: Poverte ful ofte, whan a man is lowe, 1202: Maketh his God and eek hymself to knowe. 1203: Poverte a spectacle is, as thynketh me, 1204: Thurgh which he may his verray freendes see. 1205: And therfore, sire, syn that I noght yow greve, 1206: Of my poverte namoore ye me repreve. 1207: No, sire, of elde ye repreve me; 1208: And certes, sire, thogh noon auctoritee 1209: Were in no book, ye gentils of honour 1210: Seyn that men sholde an oold wight doon favour, 1211: And clepe hym fader, for youre gentillesse; 1212: And auctours shal I fynde, as I gesse. 1213: Now ther ye seye that I am foul and old, 1214: Than drede you noght to been a cokewold; 1215: For filthe and eelde, also moot I thee, 1216: Been grete wardeyns upon chastitee. 1217: But nathelees, syn I knowe youre delit, 1218: I shal fulfille youre worldly appetit. 1219: Chese now, quod she, oon of thise thynges tweye: 1220: To han me foul and old til that I deye, 1221: And be to yow a trewe, humble wyf, 1222: And nevere yow displese in al my lyf; 1223: Or elles ye wol han me yong and fair, 1224: And take youre aventure of the repair 1225: That shal be to youre hous by cause of me, 1226: Or in som oother place, may wel be. 1227: Now chese yourselven, wheither that yow liketh. 1228: This knyght avyseth hym and sore siketh, 1229: But atte laste he seyde in this manere: 1230: My lady and my love, and wyf so deere, 1231: I put me in youre wise governance; 1232: Cheseth youreself which may be moost plesance, 1233: And moost honour to yow and me also. 1234: I do no fors the wheither of the two; 1235: For as yow liketh, it suffiseth me. 1236: Thanne have I gete of yow maistrie, quod she, 1237: Syn I may chese and governe as me lest? 1238: Ye, certes, wyf, quod he, I holde it best. 1239: Kys me, quod she, we be no lenger wrothe; 1240: For, by my trouthe, I wol be to yow bothe, 1241: This is to seyn, ye, bothe fair and good. 1242: I prey to God that I moote sterven wood, 1243: But I to yow be also good and trewe 1244: As evere was wyf, syn that the world was newe. 1245: And but I be to-morn as fair to seene 1246: As any lady, emperice, or queene, 1247: That is bitwixe the est and eke the west, 1248: Dooth with my lyf and deth right as yow lest. 1249: Cast up the curtyn, looke how that it is. 1250: And whan the knyght saugh verraily al this, 1251: That she so fair was, and so yong therto, 1252: For joye he hente hire in his armes two, 1253: His herte bathed in a bath of blisse. 1254: A thousand tyme a-rewe he gan hire kisse, 1255: And she obeyed hym in every thyng 1256: That myghte doon hym plesance or likyng. 1257: And thys they lyve unto hir lyves ende 1258: In parfit joye; and jhesu crist us sende 1259: Housbondes meeke, yonge, and fressh abedde, 1260: And grace t' overbyde hem that we wedde; 1261: And eek I praye jhesu shorte hir lyves 1262: That wol nat be governed by hir wyves; 1263: And olde and angry nygardes of dispence, 1264: God sende hem soone verray pestilence! 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