Villain used to be serf. Lust means innocent love. Expension is the change of terms as they have been cliched>
4) How is the judicial system involved in the meaning of words?
Since the laws are comprised of words, the words need to be constantly expanded on to the public
5) What is meant by atmosphere of a word?
The image, mental picture and immediate action following each word.
6) How might linguistic variety in grammar produce a different view of the world?
Depending on the language, people have a different view of what something does. If we say the sky is blue, something made it blue. When they say the sky is bluing, it is the sky that worked on itself.
7) What is polysemia? Give examples.
Words that have more than one meaning. Contract, digest, hard, cast
8) What seems to be Abel's position on a perfect language?
It does not serve a purpose. Language is not logic.
9) What are the following fuctions of a language? COGNITIVE, EXPRESSIVE, PERFORMATORY, PHATIC.
A) To transmit information
B) The words' atmosphere
C) Ceremonial use of the word.
D) Tells a story
10) What is "ostensive meaning" and what might be a problem with this notion as the origin of word meaning?
The meaning fitting in with context. The problem is, it's not very definite.
11) What distinguishes human language from animal communication?
Humans are the only ones known to have a symbol for each idea.
12) What are other areas which contain symbolic meaning?
Social rituals, suchas handshaking, waving, kissing, etc.
Chapter 7
1) What are the meanings of meaning?
Indication, cause, effect, intention, explanation, purpose, implication, and significance
2) What are the "Aristotilean Predicates?"
1) Substance
2) Quantity
3) Quality
4) Relation
5) Place
6) Time
7) Action
8) Passion
9) Situation or position
10) State or condition
3) What is naming?
The direct application of a word to a thing.
4) What is distinction between sense and referance?
Reference is public, whilke sense is private.
5) What are indexicals?
Words that have a constantly changing referance.
6) What is the distinction between connotation and denotation.
Connotation is the definition of the word. Connotation is the range of all who apply to this role.
7) What is "Referential Opacity"
The condition of one word that wsa much more general than its ddescription.
8) What is the relationship between naming and describing and the type of knowledge.
The naming of knowledge can be shared by anybody, while descriptions can change.
9) What are the distinctions amoung "index," "icon," and "symbol"?
Index is related to the word, anprobably makes you think of it. An icon is similar to it. A symbol represents it.
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