Unit 1 Study Guide
 
 
UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO GENETICS
STUDY GUIDE
Objectives:  (These are the major things you should know after you have completed this unit.   HINT:These are the areas that you will be tested on!!) 
 1.   Explain how and why a karyotype is done.  State the circumstances under which a karyotype would be performed.
 2.   Explain what a trait is.
 3.   Describe the early history of genetics.  (Prior to Mendel)
 4.   List the steps of mitosis and meiosis.  Remember to label the two divisions of  meiosis properly, (i.e., anaphase I; anaphase II)
 5.   Explain what happens in each step of mitosis and meiosis.  Put diagrams of  meiosis in proper order, beginning with interphase .
 6.   Compare and contrast the process and consequences of mitosis and meiosis.
 7.   Explain how polytene chromosomes form.  Know the source of these chromosomes in  your laboratory experience.
 8.   Explain how chromosomes can be isolated and stained to observe polytene chromosomes.
 9.   Describe how an amniocentesis is done.
 10. Understand how translocations, crossing over, and nondisjunction occur.  Describe human
        disorders that can result from these processes.

Vocabulary:  (You will be quizzed on these words at the BEGINNING of the unit.  This is done before the student begins to read the text.  Research has shown that students are more likely to read and understand assignments if they have  already  been exposed to unfamiliar words.)

           *genetics                       *chromosome                homologous               *sex chromosome
             centriole                        centromere                  autosomal chromosome           aneuploid
            chromatid                      amniocentesis              *diploid                      *haploid
            interphase                      chromatin                    anaphase                     cell cycle
            nondisjunction                somatic cell                *crossing over               inversion
            translocation                *cytokinesis                   *meiosis                      metaphase
            karyotype                      gamete                         *mitosis                      prophase
            polyploidy                     polar body                      telophase                  polytene chromosome
            S phase                        spindle apparatus          trisomy                       zygote
*found in Biology: Visualizing Life (green general Biology book)
Remainder found in Genetics, a Human Perspective, (black book)

Textbook Readings :
    Assigned, and read:
         The Cartoon Guide to Genetics, pages 1-36; 57-64
    Optional:
         Genetics, a Human Perspective, pages 1-22; 65-70

 
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