THE MEANING OF THE GLORIOUS QUR'AN
English Narration: Surah 9, At-Taubah (Repentance)

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  English Narration by Gai Eaton (Hasan Abdul Hakim)

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At-Taubah is the only Surah of the Qur'an that begins without the words 'Bismillah-ir Rahman-ir Rahim'

SURAH 9     AT-TAUBAH (REPENTANCE)
 (contents in brief)
Surah 9, Ayat 1-22 At-Taubah (Repentance): Freedom from obligation is proclaimed from Allah and His messenger toward those of the idolaters with whom ye made a treaty: Travel freely in the land four months... And a proclamation from Allah and His messenger to all men on the day of the Greater Pilgrimage that Allah is free from obligation to the idolaters, and so is His messenger...Excepting those of the idolaters with whom ye Muslims have a treaty, and who have since abated nothing of your right nor have supported anyone against you. As for these, fulfill their treaty to them till their term. Lo! Allah loveth those who keep their duty unto Him... And if anyone of the idolaters seeketh thy protection (O Muhammad), then protect him so that he may hear the word of Allah; and afterward convey him to his place of safety... How can there be any treaty for the others when, if they have the upper hand of you, they regard not pact nor honor in respect of you? They satisfy you with their mouths the while their hearts refuse... And they observe toward a believer neither pact nor honor... And if they break their pledges after their treaty hath been made with you and assail your religion, then fight the heads of disbelief... Or deemed ye that ye would be left in peace when Allah yet knoweth not those of you who strive... Those who believe, and have left their homes and striven with their wealth and their lives in Allah's way are of much greater worth in Allah's sight...
Surah 9, Ayat 23-33 At-Taubah: Say: If your fathers, and your sons, and your brethren, and your wives, and your tribe, and the wealth ye have acquired, and merchandise for which ye fear that there will be no sale, and dwellings ye desire are dearer to you than Allah and His messenger and striving in His way: then wait till Allah bringeth His command to pass. Allah guideth not wrong doing folk... on the day of Huneyn, when ye exulted in your multitude but it availed you naught... O ye who believe! The idolaters only are unclean. So let them not come near the Holy Mosque after this their year. If ye fear poverty from the loss of their merchandise Allah shall provide you of His bounty if He will... And the Jews say: Ezra is the son of Allah, and the Christians say: The Messiah is the son of Allah... Fain would they put out the light of Allah with their mouths, but Allah disdaineth (aught) save that He shall perfect His light, however much the disbelievers are averse. He it is who hath sent His messenger with the guidance and the Religion of Truth, that He may cause it to prevail over all religion, however much the idolaters may be averse.
Surah 9, Ayat 34-52 At-Taubah: O ye, who believe! Lo! many of the (Jewish) rabbis and the (Christian) monks devour the wealth of mankind wantonly and debar (men) from the way of Allah... Lo! the number of the months with Allah is twelve months by Allah's ordinance in the day that He created the heavens and the earth. Four of them are sacred: that is the right religion. So wrong not yourselves in them. And wage war on all the idolaters as they are waging war on all of you... Postponement of a sacred month is only an excess of disbelief... Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk... O ye who believe! What aileth you that when it is said unto you: Go forth in the way of Allah... If ye help him not, still Allah helped him when those who disbelieve drove him forth, the second of two; when they two were in the cave, when he said unto his comrade: Grieve not. Lo! Allah is with us... Go forth, light armed and heavy armed, and strive with your wealth and your lives in the way of Allah!... Say: Nothing befalleth us save that which Allah hath decreed for us. He is our protecting Friend. In Allah let believers put their trust!...
Surah 9, Ayat 53-72 At-Taubah: And they swear by Allah that they are in truth of you, when they are not of you... And of them is he who defameth thee in the matter of the alms... The alms are only for the poor and the needy, and those who collect them, and those whose hearts are to be reconciled, and to free the captives and the debtors, and for the cause of Allah, and for the wayfarers; a duty imposed by Allah... The hypocrites fear lest a surah should be revealed concerning them, proclaiming what is in their hearts. Say: Scoff your fill! Lo! Allah is disclosing what ye fear... The hypocrites, both men and women, proceed one from another. They enjoin the wrong, and they forbid the right, and they withhold their hands from spending for the cause of Allah. They forget Allah, so He hath forgotten them. Lo! the hypocrites, they are the transgressors... And the believers, men and women, are protecting friends one of another; they enjoin the right and forbid the wrong, and they establish worship and they pay the poor-due, and they obey Allah and His messenger. As for these, Allah will have mercy on them...
Surah 9, Ayat 73-94 At-Taubah: O Prophet! Strive against the disbelievers and the hypocrites! Be harsh with them... And of them is he who made a covenant with Allah (saying): If He give us of His bounty We will give alms and become of the righteous. Yet when He gave them of His bounty, they boarded it and turned away, averse... Know they not that Allah knoweth both their secret and the thought that they confide, and that Allah is the Knower of Things Hidden?... Ask forgiveness for them (O Muhammad), or ask not forgiveness for them; though thou ask forgiveness for them seventy times Allah will not forgive them....And never (O Muhammad) pray for one of them who dieth, nor stand by his grave. Lo! they disbelieved in Allah and His messenger, and they died while they were evil-doers. The road of blame is only against those who ask for leave of thee to stay at home when they are rich. They are content to be with the useless. Allah hath sealed their hearts so that they know not.
Surah 9, Ayat 95-110 At-Taubah: The wandering Arabs are more hard in disbelief and hypocrisy, and more likely to be ignorant of the limits which Allah hath revealed unto His messenger... And the first to lead the way, of the Muhajirin and the Ansar, and those who followed them in goodness--Allah is well pleased with them and they are well pleased with Him... Take alms of their wealth, wherewith thou mayst purify them and mayst make them grow, and pray for them. Lo! thy prayer is an assuagement for them... And (there are) others who await Allah's decree, whether He will punish them or will forgive them... And as for those who chose a place of worship out of opposition and disbelief, and in order to cause dissent among the believers, and as an outpost for those who warred against Allah and His messenger aforetime, they will surely swear: We purposed naught save good. Allah beareth witness that they verily are liars. Never stand to pray there...
Surah 9, Ayat 111-129 At-Taubah: Lo! Allah hath bought from the believers their lives and their wealth because the Garden will be theirs: they shall fight in the way of Allah and shall slay and be slain. It is a promise which is binding on Him in the Torah and the Gospel and the Quran... Triumphant are those who turn repentant to Allah, those who serve Him, those who praise Him, those who fast, these who bow down, those who fall prostrate in worship, those who enjoin the right and who forbid the wrong and those who keep the limits ordained of Allah And give glad tidings to believers! It is not for the Prophet, and those who believe, to pray for the forgiveness of idolaters even though they may be near of kin to them after it hath become clear that they are people of hell fire. The prayer of Abraham for the forgiveness of his father was only because of a promise he had promised him... Allah hath turned in mercy to the Prophet, and to the Muhajirin and the Ansar who followed him in the hour of hardship... And to the three also did He turn in mercy who were left behind: when the earth, vast as it is, was straitened for them, and their own souls were straitened for them till they bethought them that there is no refuge from Allah save toward Him... It is not for the townsfolk of Al-Madinah and for those around them of the wandering Arabs to stay behind the messenger of Allah and prefer their lives to his life... And the believers should not all go out to fight. Of every troop of them, a party only should go forth, that they who are left behind may gain sound knowledge in religion, and that they may warn their folk when they return to them, so that they may beware... But as for those in whose hearts is disease, it only addeth wickedness to their wickedness....See they not that they are tested once or twice in every year? Still they turn not in repentance, neither pay they heed. And whenever a surah is revealed, they look one at another as who should say: Does anybody see you?...
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 Surah 73 - Surah 114 Many More Audio Clips: Early Surahs, Short Surahs...


Allah: Allah is the proper name in Arabic for The One and Only God, The Creator and Sustainer of the universe. It is used by the Arab Christians and Jews for the God (Eloh-im in Hebrew; Elohi in Farsi; Allaha in Aramaic, the language spoken by 'Isa (Jesus), pbuh). The word Allah does not have a plural or gender. Allah does not have any associate or partner, and He does not beget nor was He begotten. The abbreviation 'SWT' usually follows when Allah is mentioned, and it means 'Glory Be To Him.'

The Arabic word Surah is loosely translated as chapter and Ayah as verse for the English readers who are unfamiliar with Qura'nic concepts. The Ayah (plural Ayat) means a sign. Those who have read the meaning of the Qur'an thoroughly and have had time to reflect upon them appreciate the word ayah as it is truly a sign from Allah (SWT), the lord of the universe, the absolute.

In the English translation and the RealAudio narration, the terms 'those who surrendered to Allah' and 'the religion of the surrender to Allah' are used. The revealed Arabic words of the Qur'an for these translated words are 'Muslim' and 'Al-Islam'. Many other words that have been translated for the convenience of English readers are: Maryam (Mary), 'Isa or Easa (Jesus), Zakariya (Zachariah), Yahya (John), Musa (Moses), Haroon (Aaron), Ibrahim (Abraham), Ismail (Ishmael), Ishaq (Isaac), Yaqoob (Jacob), Yusuf (Joseph), Dawood (David), Sulaiman (Soloman), and Ayyub (Job), peace be upon them, and many others. Refer to the index in the first reference cited below for more details.


The Qur'an was revealed in pure Arabic to Prophet Muhammad (SAW) over a period of twenty-three years ending in 632 A.D., the year he passed away. The first revelation was only five verses, the first five verses of Chapter 96. Among the very early revelations are Surah 73, 74, 80, 81, 93 and 97. The revelations were sent by Allah, Subhanahu wa Ta'ala (SWT), the creator and sustainer of the universe, and transmitted to him by the Archangel Jibril (as) (Gabriel). The revelations he received were sometimes a few verses, a part of a chapter or the whole chapter. Some revelations came down in response to an inquiry by the nonbelievers. The ordering of the Qur'an is not the same as the revelations. Archangel Jibril (as) taught the ordering of Ayat and Surahs (refer to Surah 75) as he transmitted the revelations to Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). The first ten surahs revealed in chronological order are 96, 68, 73, 74, 1, 111, 81, 87, 92 and 89.

The Qur'an speaks in the first person, i.e., Allah's commandments to its creation. The Qur'an also uses the royal "We" for Allah's commandments. The main theme of the Qur'an and all previous revelations has been the absolute oneness of Allah, the creator and sustainer of the universe, who is without partner(s). Allah (Glory be to Him) did not beget nor was He begotten. The Qur'anic verses address people in a variety of ways depending on the context. It says "O mankind" and "O people" in a general sense addressing to all people, and in other instances "O believers" for those who have already accepted the message of Qur'an.

The Qur'an is the direct Word of Allah and it does not contain a single alphabet from anyone, even Prophet Muhammad. The sayings of Prophet Muhammad are contained in separate compilations known as Hadith, and include his deeds, lifestyle, explanations and decisions on a variety of issues. The Qur'an and Hadith form the foundation of daily life of a practicing Muslim. The Qur'an has not changed by even an alphabet since its revelation fourteen centuries ago. Allah (SWT) has promised in the Qur'an that He will preserve it to the end of time. It is also for this reason there is no need for any new prophet or revelation (guidance) to come to humankind. The Qur'an is read in Arabic with great emphasis on the accuracy of recitation, including the recognition of diacritical marks and places where one pauses momentarily or stops.

USEFUL REFERENCES

"The Holy Qur'an," Text, Translation and Commentary by Abdullah Yusuf Ali, 1934. (Latest Publisher: Amana Publications, Beltsville, MD, USA; Title: "The Meaning of the Holy Qur'an," 1992). A pocket edition of Yusuf Ali's translation is also available in contemporary English.

"The Meaning of the Glorious Koran," An Explanatory Translation by Mohammed Marmaduke Pickthall, a Mentor Book Publication. (Also available as: "The Meaning of the Glorious Koran," by Marmaduke Pickthall, Dorset Press, N.Y. and several Islamic book publishers; Published by several publishers since 1930). Note: The Mentor publication (451 MJ1529 195) contains a few errors/omissions, e.g., in Surah 72: the last part of Verse 2 should read "we ascribe no partner unto our Lord", and Surah 68: Verse 22 should read "straight" road instead of "beaten" road. In case of any doubt, the reader is advised to check with a copy from an Islamic publisher and also check with an Islamic scholar for the meaning directly from the Arabic original.

Pickthall writes in his foreward of 1930: "...The Qur'an cannot be translated. ...The book is here rendered almost literally and every effort has been made to choose befitting language. But the result is not the Glorious Qur'an, that inimitable symphony, the very sounds of which move men to tears and ecstasy. It is only an attempt to present the meaning of the Qur'an-and peradventure something of the charm in English. It can never take the place of the Qur'an in Arabic, nor is it meant to do so...."

For the serious readers of the meaning of the Qur'an in English, it is recommended that it should be read along with a good commentary to comprehend the essential meaning and scope of verses. Either Yusuf Ali's or Maududi's commentaries are a good starting point. The former presents the meaning Ayah (verse) by Ayah with footnotes and includes a detailed index of the topics mentioned in the Qur'an, while the latter presents commentaries for each Surah (chapter) of the Qur'an.



LINKS


Articles on The Holy Qur'an
Articles on Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)
Quotations on Islamic Civilization
What Non-Muslims Say About Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)
Biography of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)


   

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